What new materials are there?

[publiusr]

I just read a nice article called "Superlubricity study shows a frictionless state can be achieved at microscale."

Superlubricity study shows a frictionless state can be achieved at macroscale

The president of SUNY Polytechnic Institute (SUNY Poly), Dr. Winston "Wole" Soboyejo, and postdoctoral researcher Dr. Tabiri Kwayie Asumadu have published a paper titled, "Robust Macroscale Superlubricity on Carbon-Coated Metallic Surfaces." This paper explores an innovative approach to reducing...

phys.org

--from SUNY Poly

Alloys
https://techxplore.com/news/2024-07-machine-secrets-advanced-alloys.html

Researchers report pathway to stronger alloys for extreme environments

At around 2,500 degrees Fahrenheit, steel melts. When aluminum is exposed to moisture and oxygen, it corrodes. While these conventional alloys are well suited to everyday environments, they fold under abnormally excessive exposure to extreme heat, cold, pressure and other conditions. And with...

phys.org

Materials research

How a futuristic material is able to change its properties from soft to rigid, and back again

In our everyday life, we are surrounded by objects that have properties enabling them to perform certain functions. Rigidity and softness enable an object to perform a specific function. These properties are seemingly opposing in nature, and one property cannot be traded for another.

phys.org

New AI approach accelerates targeted materials discovery and sets the stage for self-driving experiments

Scientists have developed an AI-based method that helps gather data more efficiently in the search for new materials, allowing researchers to navigate complex design challenges with greater precision and speed.

phys.org

A new approach to accelerate the discovery of quantum materials

Researchers at the Department of Energy's Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Berkeley Lab) and several collaborating institutions have successfully demonstrated an innovative approach to find breakthrough materials for quantum applications. The study is published in the journal Nature...

phys.org

AI method radically speeds predictions of materials' thermal properties

It is estimated that about 70% of the energy generated worldwide ends up as waste heat.

phys.org

Scientists develop new AI method to create material 'fingerprints'

Like people, materials evolve over time. They also behave differently when they are stressed and relaxed. Scientists looking to measure the dynamics of how materials change have developed a new technique that leverages X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy (XPCS), artificial intelligence (AI)...

phys.org

Soft and stretchy

A new method to fabricate stretchable and breathable electronics

In recent years, engineers and material scientists have introduced increasingly flexible electronics that could be used to create new wearable devices, such as smart watches, biosensors and health-monitoring technologies. To be safely worn by humans for prolonged periods of time, these...

techxplore.com

Soft, stretchy 'jelly batteries' inspired by electric eels

Researchers have developed soft, stretchable 'jelly batteries' that could be used for wearable devices or soft robotics, or even implanted in the brain to deliver drugs or treat conditions such as epilepsy.

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Flexible electronics researchers develop a completely stretchy lithium-ion battery

When you think of a battery, you probably don't think of stretchy material. But batteries will need this shape-shifting quality to be incorporated into flexible electronics, which are gaining traction for wearable health monitors. Now, researchers in ACS Energy Letters report a lithium-ion...

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Scientists develop 3D-printed active fabric for medical devices and soft robotics

Scientists at Nanyang Technological University, Singapore (NTU Singapore), have developed an innovative wearable fabric that is flexible but can stiffen on demand.

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Scientists develop novel iontronic skin with excellent self-healing efficiency and sensitivity

Researchers led by Prof. Zhu Jin at the Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering (NIMTE) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences have developed a novel mechano-responsive elastomer, i-DAPU, achieving high-performance iontronic skin that integrates self-healing and synchronous sensing.

phys.org

First health care device powered by body heat made possible by liquid based metals

In the age of technology everywhere, we are all too familiar with the inconvenience of a dead battery. But for those relying on a wearable health care device to monitor glucose, reduce tremors, or even track heart function, taking time to recharge can pose a big risk.

medicalxpress.com

Flexible, permeable and 3D integrated electronic skin combines liquid metal circuits with fibrous substrates

In recent years, research teams worldwide have been trying to develop new flexible and soft electronics. These devices could have various potential applications, for instance helping doctors to monitor their patients' health conditions or supporting rehabilitation and performance sports.

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Strategy enhances breakdown strength and polarization in dielectric nanocomposites

Electrostatic capacitors are a key component in high-power pulse equipment, power transmission and transformation engineering, new energy vehicles, and 5G communication. Their capability for ultrafast charging-discharging and ultrahigh power density is pivotal for their performance.

phys.org

Stretchable electronics might make their way onto the market thanks to roll-to-roll process

Electronics have evolved over the years to supersede simply enhancing day-to-day life to becoming almost seamlessly integrated with daily life. People have become accustomed to wearable electronics, but what about stretchable ones?

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New parameter helps clarify how soft materials fail under stress

Understanding how soft materials fail under stress is critical for solving engineering challenges as disparate as pharmaceutical technology and landslide prevention. A new study linking a spectrum of soft material behaviors—previously thought to be unrelated—led researchers to identify a new...

techxplore.com

Tiny tractor beam

New tractor beam technology could one day minimize biopsy trauma

Researchers at TMOS, the ARC Center of Excellence for Transformative Meta-Optical Systems, have taken an important first step in the development of metasurface-enabled tractor beams—rays of light that can pull particles toward it, a concept that fictional tractor beams featured in science...

phys.org

Researchers use light to control ferrofluid droplet movements in water

A team of engineers at the Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, the Chinese University of Hong Kong and the Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology has found that ferrofluidic drops in a tank of water can be forced to rise in desired ways using light. The study is published in the...

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Magnetics and vibration elimination

The magnet trick: New invention makes vibrations disappear

When everything shakes, precision is usually impossible—everybody who has ever tried to take a photo with shaky hands or make handwritten notes on a bumpy bus journey knows that. With technical precision measurements, even much smaller vibrations are a major problem, for example, with...

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Nanomedicine researchers develop new technology to control neural circuits using magnetic fields

Researchers at the Center for Nanomedicine within the Institute for Basic Science (IBS) and Yonsei University in South Korea have unveiled a technology that can manipulate specific regions of the brain using magnetic fields, potentially unlocking the secrets of high-level brain functions such as...

phys.org

A new way to control the magnetic properties of rare earth elements

The special properties of rare earth magnetic materials are due to the electrons in the 4f shell. Until now, the magnetic properties of 4f electrons were considered almost impossible to control.

phys.org

A microscopic factory for small runners: New method uses magnetic loops for growth control

Researchers at the University of Bayreuth have developed a new method for controlling the growth of physical micro-runners. They used an external magnetic field to assemble paramagnetic colloidal spheres—i.e. only magnetic due to external influences—into rods of a certain length. Colloidal...

phys.org

Energy landscapes

Physicists develop new theorems to describe the energy landscape formed when quantum particles gather together

An international team of physicists, centered at Trinity, has proven new theorems in quantum mechanics that describe the "energy landscapes" of collections of quantum particles.

phys.org

Tech

Researchers achieve success in allowing a patient to 'speak' using only the power of thought

A scientific breakthrough by researchers from Tel Aviv University and Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center (Ichilov Hospital) has demonstrated the potential for speech by a silent person using the power of thought only. In an experiment, a silent participant imagined saying one of two syllables...

medicalxpress.com

You're just a stick figure to this camera—a new camera to prevent companies from collecting private information

A new camera could prevent companies from collecting embarrassing and identifiable photos and videos from devices like smart home cameras and robotic vacuums. It's called PrivacyLens and was made by University of Michigan engineers.

techxplore.com

Engineers develop technique to pinpoint nanoscale 'hot spots' in electronics to improve their longevity

When electronic devices like laptops or smartphones overheat, they are fundamentally suffering from a nanoscale heat transfer problem. Pinpointing the source of that problem can be like trying to find a needle in a haystack.

techxplore.com

A new material for small electronics that gives batteries longer life

Scientists have achieved a series of milestones in growing a high-quality thin film conductor, suggesting in a new study that the material is a promising candidate platform for future wearable electronics and other miniature applications.

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Electroplating strategy could lead to safer, more stable metal batteries

Metal batteries have the potential to deliver more energy, at a lower weight, than the popular lithium-ion battery. The problem, however, is that the technology currently has too short a lifespan due to the highly reactive nature of the lithium metal within these batteries.

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Researchers develop novel electrode for improving flowless zinc-bromine battery

Due to rising environmental concerns, global energy production is shifting from fossil fuels to sustainable and renewable energy systems such as solar and wind power. Despite their advantages, they have two significant weaknesses: volatile power production and irregular supply. Hence, they are...

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Scientists integrate solid-state spin qubits with nanomechanical resonators

In a new Physical Review Letters study, scientists propose a new method for combining solid-state spin qubits with nanomechanical resonators for scalable and programmable quantum systems.

phys.org

Researchers achieve unprecedented nanostructuring inside silicon

Silicon, the cornerstone of modern electronics, photovoltaics, and photonics, has traditionally been limited to surface-level nanofabrication due to the challenges posed by existing lithographic techniques. Available methods either fail to penetrate the wafer surface without causing alterations...

phys.org

Silicon photonics light the way toward large-scale applications in quantum information

In a significant leap forward for quantum technology, researchers have achieved a milestone in harnessing the frequency dimension within integrated photonics. This breakthrough not only promises advancements in quantum computing, but also lays the groundwork for ultra-secure communications networks.

phys.org

Study unveils solvent-free dry electrodes that boost lithium-ion battery performance

A team of researchers, affiliated with UNIST has made a significant breakthrough in developing an eco-friendly dry electrode manufacturing process for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). The new process, which does not require the use of harmful solvents, enhances battery performance while promoting...

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Observing how light makes a metal—new details about the insulator-to-metal transition in a quantum material

With just the flick of a switch, quantum materials can undergo drastic changes. One notable example is the insulator-to-metal transition, a reversible physical phenomenon in which a material shifts from an insulating state, which will not conduct electricity, to a metallic one that will.

phys.org

Lab develops smallest free-floating bubbles for medical imaging

Bioengineering researchers at Rice University have developed ultrasmall, stable gas-filled protein nanostructures that could revolutionize ultrasound imaging and drug delivery.

phys.org

New tool can predict bitterness in foods without prior knowledge of their chemical structures

BitterMasS, a novel tool utilizing mass spectrometry, promises advancements in predicting bitterness in compounds. Developed through interdisciplinary collaboration, it offers enhanced precision and efficiency compared to traditional methods, with wide-ranging applications in food science...

phys.org

The Fiber Shredder: Professor's machine could make clothing more recyclable

The textile industry is a major polluter, producing 92 million tons of textile waste globally each year, according to Boston University.

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[publiusr]

optics and sensors

Engineers develop OptoGPT for improving solar cells, smart windows, telescopes and more

Solar cell, telescope and other optical component manufacturers may be able to design better devices more quickly with AI. OptoGPT, developed by University of Michigan engineers, harnesses the computer architecture underpinning ChatGPT to work backward from desired optical properties to the...

techxplore.com

High-speed camera for molecules: Entangled photons enable Raman spectroscopy

In recent years, two cutting-edge technologies have rapidly gained momentum: quantum entangled light sources and ultrafast stimulated Raman spectroscopy.

phys.org

Micro-sized optical spectrometer operates across visible spectrum with sub-5-nm resolution

Optical spectrometers are versatile instruments that can produce light and measure its properties over specific portions of the electromagnetic spectrum. These instruments can have various possible applications; for instance, aiding the diagnosis of medical conditions, the analysis of biological...

techxplore.com

Quantum microscopy study makes electrons visible in slow motion

Physicists at the University of Stuttgart under the leadership of Prof. Sebastian Loth are developing quantum microscopy which enables them for the first time to record the movement of electrons at the atomic level with both extremely high spatial and temporal resolution.

phys.org

Enhancing adaptive radar with AI and an enormous open-source dataset

The world around us is constantly being flash photographed by adaptive radar systems. From salt flats to mountains and everything in between, adaptive radar is used to detect, locate and track moving objects. Just because human eyes can't see these ultra-high frequency (UHF) ranges doesn't mean...

techxplore.com

Microfluidic sensors enable real-time detection of multiple heavy metals in water

A group of researchers from the Hefei Institutes of Physical Science of the Chinese Academy of Sciences has designed and developed advanced microfluidic sensor arrays that use fluorescent probes to simultaneously visualize and quantitatively detect multiple heavy metal ions in environmental...

phys.org

New soft multifunctional sensors mark a step forward for physical AI

Researchers at Ben-Gurion University of the Negev's Physical AI (PAI) Lab, led by Dr. Aslan Miriyev, have developed multifunctional material-sensors that emulate the complex capabilities of natural systems, advancing the field of physical AI.

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Chemistry finds

Researchers directly simulate the fusion of oxygen and carbon nuclei

The fusion of two nuclei is a complex process influenced by many factors. These factors include not only the relative energy and angular momentum of the two nuclei, but also how their structures evolve as they collide. The outcome of the collisions is dramatically impacted by the quantum nature...

phys.org

Study shows how waste Styrofoam can be transformed into polymers for electronics

A new study conducted by researchers from the University of Delaware and Argonne National Laboratory describes a chemical reaction that can convert Styrofoam into a high-value conducting polymer known as PEDOT:PSS.

phys.org

Chemists develop a stable reagent for carbon-atom transfer

Professor Max Martin Hansmann from the Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology and his team have developed a new reagent for selectively adding carbon atoms to molecules. This promising development for basic research in organic chemistry has been published in Science.

phys.org

Microbes found to destroy certain 'forever chemicals' by cleaving stubborn fluorine-to-carbon bonds

A UC Riverside environmental engineering team has discovered specific bacterial species that can destroy certain kinds of "forever chemicals," a step further toward low-cost treatments of contaminated drinking water sources.

phys.org

Organic compounds show promise as cheaper alternatives to metal photocatalysts

Organic compounds that can be sustainably and affordably mass-produced show promise as replacements for expensive metal photocatalysts, according to a new report published July 17.

phys.org

Results suggests titanium-48's nuclear structure changes when observed at varying distances

The world around us is made up of particles invisible to the naked eye, but physicists continue to gain insights into this mysterious realm. Findings published in Physical Review C by Osaka Metropolitan University researchers show that the nuclear structure of an atom likely changes depending on...

phys.org

Chemists develop modular approach for creating important class of pharmaceutical compounds

Chemists at the National University of Singapore (NUS) have developed a modular approach to create 1,2-arylheteroaryl ethanes, a class of compounds important for drug discovery and pharmaceutical development, using fundamental feedstock chemicals such as ethylene, arenes and heteroarenes.

phys.org

Study shows how organic molecules impact gold nanoparticles' electrochemical properties

A new study shows how organic molecules greatly influence the redox potential of gold nanoparticles, with differences up to 71 mV. Using experiments and computer simulations, the study highlights the important role of capping agents in controlling the nanoparticles' electrochemical properties...

phys.org

Gold co-catalyst improves photocatalytic degradation of micropollutants, finds study

To remove micropollutants such as pesticides and trace chemicals from the environment, you need something equally small and cunning. One potential method is photocatalysis, which uses semiconducting nanomaterials powered by sunlight to adsorb toxic chemicals on the materials' surface and degrade...

phys.org

 

[publiusr]

metals and ceramics

Balancing the seesaw: Simultaneously enhancing strength and elongation in metallic materials

Just as one side of a seesaw rises while the other falls, in the realm of metallic materials, "strength" and "elongation" typically conflict with each other. However, a collaborative team from POSTECH and Northwestern University has recently introduced a groundbreaking technology that enhances...

phys.org

First 3D visualization of an aluminum nanocomposite for the auto industry

Manufacturing cars with strong, lightweight aluminum alloys rather than steel could improve fuel efficiency and extend electric vehicle range, but the material's instability at high temperatures has held the alloys back from widespread adoption.

phys.org

Researchers develop a concept for efficiency-enhanced noble-metal catalysts

The production of more than 90% of all chemical products we use in our everyday lives relies on catalysts. Catalysts speed up chemical reactions, can reduce the energy required for these processes, and in some cases, reactions would not be possible at all without catalysts.

phys.org

Newly discovered sheets of nanoscale 'cubes' found to be efficient catalysts

Researchers from Tokyo Metropolitan University have created sheets of transition metal chalcogenide "cubes" connected by chlorine atoms. While sheets of atoms have been widely studied, e.g. graphene, the team's work breaks new ground by using clusters instead. The research is published in the...

phys.org

Chemical and transportation industries could get a boost with new catalyst coating

Coupling electrochemical conversion of the greenhouse gas CO2 with renewable electricity sources—such as solar and wind—promises green production of high-demand chemicals and transportation fuels. Carbon dioxide coupling products such as ethylene, ethanol and acetic acid are particularly useful...

phys.org

Liquid metals offer potential for greener chemical processes, researchers say

University of Sydney researchers are proposing a new way to curb industrial emissions, by tapping into the "atomic intelligence" of liquid metals to deliver greener and more sustainable chemical reactions.

phys.org

New 3D reconstruction method aids analysis of property-defining defects

An international research collaboration, including a group from Cornell Engineering, has applied a new X-ray-based reconstruction technique to observe, for the first time, topological defects in a nanoscale self-assembly-based cubic network structure of a polymer-metal composite material imaged...

phys.org

The origin of stoichiometric effects in nickel-tungsten alloy catalysts

A research group led by Professor Gao Minrui from the University of Science and Technology of China (USTC) reports that nickel-tungsten (Ni-W) ratio in Ni-W alloys governs the performance of hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR). Additionally, researchers tuned the unpaired electrons in Ni to adjust...

phys.org

A novel thermal insulation material for ultra-high temperature applications: Hierarchical porous high-entropy ceramics

Thermal insulation material is a critical part of the thermal protection system (TPS) of hypersonic vehicles. Recently, high-entropy ceramics have attracted great attention in thermal insulation for their low thermal conductivity due to the scattering of phonons by multi-components and distorted...

phys.org

An effective strategy to inhibit grain coarsening: Construction of multi-element co-segregated grain boundary complexion

To date, ceramic scientists have devised various strategies to impede grain coarsening. The utilization of nano-sized precursor powder can not only facilitate the densification process, but also yields bulk ceramics with reduced grain sizes compared with micron-sized precursor powder.

phys.org

glass

'Self-healing' glass: Study shows gamma radiation induces defects that are healed at room temperature

Self-healing glass may sound like a science fiction concept, but new research from the University of Central Florida demonstrates it's much closer to reality.

phys.org

Wood

Newly created super-black wood can improve telescopes, optical devices and consumer goods

Thanks to an accidental discovery, researchers at the University of British Columbia have created a new super-black material that absorbs almost all light, opening potential applications in fine jewelry, solar cells and precision optical devices.

phys.org

Scientists discover entirely new wood type that could be highly efficient at carbon storage

Researchers undertaking an evolutionary survey of the microscopic structure of wood from some of the world's most iconic trees and shrubs have discovered an entirely new type of wood.

phys.org

knitted furniture

Researchers introduce knitted furniture

Yuichi Hirose has a dream—a dream that someday everyone will have access to a machine capable of knitting furniture.

techxplore.com

From aviation to orthopedics: Polymer patch made from dynamic polymer networks

Researchers at the Fraunhofer Institute for Manufacturing Technology and Advanced Materials IFAM have developed a new polymer patch that can significantly accelerate and simplify previously laborious, expensive, and time-consuming repair processes on damaged lightweight aircraft components.

phys.org

New aerospace and building materials could repair themselves thanks to fungi and bacteria

Researchers are using biological matter to create unique new materials that can adapt to their environment and repair themselves.

phys.org

gas separation

Machine learning discovers 'hidden-gem' materials for heat-free gas separation

Chemical separation, including gas separation, is a common process that is required for manufacturing and research. It accounts for a whopping 15% of U.S. energy consumption and produces millions of tons of carbon emissions.

phys.org

New technique streamlines synthesis of heavy element compounds

Molecular compounds with heavy elements, like americium, curium and others can now be synthesized in a streamlined and efficient way thanks to a new technique developed by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) researchers.

phys.org

Water

Exploring what happens when different spherical objects hit the water

When an object hits a body of water vertically, it is accompanied by a strong hydrodynamic force fueled by the flow of water around it, which propels it forward. The magnitude of this force is known to vary depending on the mass of the object hitting the water.

phys.org

Elusive predicted water structure created in the laboratory

Clathrate hydrates are complex water structures that contain foreign guest molecules inside a host water-molecule shell. A predicted clathrate hydrate phase structure has been stably synthesized in the lab and may play an important role in future material science research.

phys.org

Ice 0: Researchers discover a new mechanism for ice formation

Ice is far more complicated than most of us realize, with over 20 different varieties known to science, forming under various combinations of pressure and temperature. The kind we use to chill our drinks is known as ice I, and it's one of the few forms of ice that exist naturally on Earth.

phys.org

Confined water gets electric: Study reveals dielectric response of water in nanopores

When water gets inside nanopores with sizes below 10 nanometers, new physics emerge: new phases of ice were observed and ultrafast proton transport was measured. Confined water also plays a role in biology, where aquaporins cross cellular membranes to allow specific transport of water and other...

phys.org

Researchers use plant-inspired polymers for water purification

Clean drinking water is a basic demand for our health and well-being. However, as the global population grows, achieving this for all communities worldwide becomes more challenging.

phys.org

Photocatalyst research uncovers better way to produce green hydrogen

Researchers at Oregon State University have developed a material that shows a remarkable ability to convert sunlight and water into clean energy.

phys.org

https://techxplore.com/news/2024-07-experts-hype-deriving-green-hydrogen.html

https://techxplore.com/news/2024-07-compact-atmospheric-harvesting-device-thin.html

https://techxplore.com/news/2024-07-bio-3d-solar-steam-generators.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-07-maximizing-hydrogen-peroxide-formation-electrolysis.html

https://techxplore.com/news/2024-07-efficient-hydrogen-production-precious-metals.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-07-doping-strategy-efficient-urea-electrosynthesis.html

https://techxplore.com/news/2024-07-passive-renewable-efficient-atmosphere.html

Conical shells

https://phys.org/news/2024-07-tuning-frequencies-conical-shells-reveals.html

Foam circuits

Foam fluidics showcase team's creative approach to circuit design

When picturing next-generation wearables and robotics, the foam filling in your couch cushions is likely not the first thing that comes to mind. However, Rice University engineers have shown that something as simple as the flow of air through the airy, meshlike structure of open-cell foam can be...

techxplore.com

For heat

https://techxplore.com/news/2024-07-strategy-materials-thermoelectric-power-generation.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-07-differently-tight-spaces-insights-convection.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-08-synergistic-aerogel-materials-insulation.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-07-temperature-microscale-convective-plumes.html

Vibrations

https://phys.org/news/2024-07-showerhead-discovery-mode-vibration-nature.html

sapphire

https://phys.org/news/2024-07-blue-miracle-eifel-sapphires-volcanoes.html

Math systems

https://phys.org/news/2024-07-instability-robustness-mathematical-framework-dynamics.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-07-team-hybrid-scheme-compressible.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-07-exploring-ways-science-relevant-everyday.html

RF

https://techxplore.com/news/2024-07-battery-free-technology-power-electronic.html

https://techxplore.com/news/2024-07-memristive-radiofrequency-mmwave-applications.html

https://techxplore.com/news/2024-07-digital-twin-method-boost-wireless.html

Save your data on printable magnetic devices? New laser technique's twist might make this reality

The proliferation of all things digital doesn't mean that printing technology is no longer relevant. In fact, printing technology is required to make the semiconductors necessary for the digital world. And as an Osaka Metropolitan University-led team has shown using a new printing technique...

phys.org

New method achieves controllable tuning, assesses instability in 2D materials for engineering applications

Two-dimensional (2D) materials have atomic-level thickness and excellent mechanical and physical properties, with broad application prospects in fields such as semiconductors, flexible devices, and composite materials.

phys.org

Scientists investigate nonlinear current response in perovskite X-ray detectors

A research team led by Dr. Li Yunlong at the Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology (SIAT) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences delved into the origins of nonlinear current response in polycrystalline metal halide perovskite X-ray detectors. Their study was published in ACS Applied Materials &...

phys.org

Fuels

Study estimates land use change emissions for six aviation fuel pathways

A new IIASA-led study offers the first detailed estimates of land use change emissions for six sustainable aviation fuel production pathways. The authors focused on both food and non-food raw materials used to produce biofuels, using trusted global data sources to provide fine-scale emissions data.

phys.org

New research shows the success of a university-led science education program

An educational science program run by the University of York's Centre for Industry Education Collaboration has shown itself to have had a significant positive impact on children's attitudes towards science and industry, according to the results of a study.

phys.org

More

'Janus' dual-atom catalyst shows enhanced performance for electrocatalytic oxygen reduction and evolution

A research team led by Prof. Yan Wensheng from the University of Science and Technology of China (USTC) has created the innovative "Janus" dual-atom catalyst (FeCo-N3O3@C) with Fe and Co atoms coordinated synergistically through an N-O bridge, which has showed exceptional performance in both...

phys.org

Synthesis of a new compound with excellent intrinsic magnetic properties using smaller amounts of rare earth elements

The National Institute for Materials Science has successfully synthesized a new SmFe-based magnetic compound, SmFe8.8N1.1, which possesses superior intrinsic magnetic properties when compared to those of NdFeB compound used in neodymium magnets. The study is published in the journal Acta Materialia.

phys.org

Spontaneous supercrystal discovered in switching metal-insulator

A supercrystal formation previously unobserved in a metal-insulating material was discovered by a Cornell-led research team, potentially unlocking new ways to engineer materials and devices with tunable electronic properties.

phys.org

New process uses light and enzymes to create greener chemicals

Researchers at the Center for Advanced Bioenergy and Bioproducts Innovation (CABBI) have achieved a significant breakthrough that could lead to better—and greener—agricultural chemicals and everyday products.

phys.org

Physicists control electronic properties of moiré crystals

If you make a material thinner and thinner, at a certain point it undergoes a seemingly miraculous transformation: A two-dimensional material that consists of only one or two layers of molecules sometimes has completely different properties than the same material when it is thicker.

phys.org

New 3D integrated metal-oxide transistors to fabricate compact and high density electronics

Transistors are core components of many electronic devices, which serve the role of amplifying and switching electrical signals. A key goal of the electronics industry is to continue improving the performance and energy-efficiency of transistors, while also reducing their size.

techxplore.com

Engineers develop magnetic tunnel junction–based device to make AI more energy efficient

Engineering researchers at the University of Minnesota Twin Cities have demonstrated a state-of-the-art hardware device that could reduce energy consumption for artificial intelligent (AI) computing applications by a factor of at least 1,000.

techxplore.com

New study reviews progress in ternary hydrogen-rich superconductors

Room-temperature superconductivity has been a century-long-held dream of scientists. Hydrogen-rich compounds at high pressures are predicted to be potential high-temperature and even room-temperature superconductors and have become one of the superconducting materials that have received much...

phys.org

New technique measures superconductivity at very high pressures

In 1911, Heike Kamerlingh Onnes discovered the first superconductor, metallic mercury when cooled to a critical temperature of 4.2 Kelvin, where it conducts electricity without resistance. Ever since materials scientists have been on a quest to better understand the phenomenon and whether other...

phys.org

What makes high temperature superconductivity possible? Researchers get closer to a unified theory

In copper-containing materials called cuprates, superconductivity competes with two properties called magnetic spin and electric charge density wave (CDW) order. These properties reveal different parts of the electrons in the superconductor. Each electron possesses spin and charge.

phys.org

New opportunities for organic synthesis under superheated flow conditions

Research programs from the Center for Integrated Technology and Organic Synthesis of the University of Liège (Belgium), demonstrate the many opportunities offered by micro/mesofluidic technologies to explore new reaction spaces.

phys.org

New, more sustainable method for manufacturing microchips and other nanoscale devices

Putting 50 billion transistors into a microchip the size of a fingernail is a feat that requires manufacturing methods of nanometer level precision—layering of thin films, then etching, depositing, or using photolithography to create the patterns of semiconductor, insulator, metal, and other...

phys.org

Researchers identify unique phenomenon in Kagome metal

In traditional Japanese basket-weaving, the ancient "Kagome" design seen in many handcrafted creations is characterized by a symmetrical pattern of interlaced triangles with shared corners. In quantum physics, the Kagome name has been borrowed by scientists to describe a class of materials with...

phys.org

'Kink state' control may provide pathway to quantum electronics

The key to developing quantum electronics may have a few kinks. According to a team led by researchers at Penn State, that's not a bad thing when it comes to the precise control needed to fabricate and operate such devices, including advanced sensors and lasers.

phys.org

Investigation into the regime between the nano- and microscale could pave the way for nanoscale technologies

In electronic technologies, key material properties change in response to stimuli like voltage or current. Scientists aim to understand these changes in terms of the material's structure at the nanoscale (a few atoms) and microscale (the thickness of a piece of paper). Often neglected is the...

phys.org

A strategy to synthesize fin-like metal nanosheets for 2D transistors

The effective integration of extremely thin insulating layers with two-dimensional (2D) semiconductors could enable the fabrication of 2D transistors with an electrical capacitance comparable to SiO2 with thicknesses below 1-nm. These transistors could, in turn, help to boost the performance and...

techxplore.com

Layered superconductor coaxed to show unusual properties with potential for quantum computing

A team led by researchers from the California NanoSystems Institute at UCLA has designed a unique material based on a conventional superconductor—that is, a substance that enables electrons to travel through it with zero resistance under certain conditions, such as extremely low temperature. The...

phys.org

New transistor's superlative properties could have broad electronics applications

In 2021, a team led by MIT physicists reported creating a new ultrathin ferroelectric material, or one where positive and negative charges separate into different layers. At the time, they noted the material's potential for applications in computer memory and much more. Now the same core team...

techxplore.com

Somersaulting spin qubits for universal quantum logic could enhance control in larger arrays

Researchers at QuTech developed somersaulting spin qubits for universal quantum logic. This achievement may enable efficient control of large semiconductor qubit arrays. The research group published their demonstration of hopping spins in Nature Communications and their work on somersaulting...

phys.org

Optimization algorithm successfully computes the ground state of interacting quantum matter

Over the past decades, computer scientists have developed various computing tools that could help to solve challenges in quantum physics. These include large-scale deep neural networks that can be trained to predict the ground states of quantum systems. This method is now referred to as neural...

phys.org

Combining trapped atoms and photonics for new quantum devices

Quantum information systems offer faster, more powerful computing methods than standard computers to help solve many of the world's toughest problems. Yet fulfilling this ultimate promise will require bigger and more interconnected quantum computers than scientists have yet built. Scaling...

phys.org

Room-temperature defluorination method uses light to clean up forever chemicals

Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), nicknamed "forever chemicals," pose a growing environmental and health threat. Since the invention of Teflon in 1938, PFAS and perfluorinated polymers or PFs have been widely used for their exceptional stability and resistance to water and heat.

phys.org

Aluminum scandium nitride films: Enabling next-gen ferroelectric memory devices

Imagine a thin film, just nanometers thick, that could store gigabytes of data—enough for movies, video games, and videos. This is the exciting potential of ferroelectric materials for memory storage. These materials have a unique arrangement of ions, resulting in two distinct polarization...

phys.org

A new use for shellfish waste: Extending the shelf life of produce

Crab shells might just have another role besides fodder for the compost bin. University of Maryland researchers have engineered a seafood-waste material that removes chemical pesticides and herbicides from produce and extends shelf life, a discovery that could have widespread applications in...

phys.org

Surface oxygen functionality controls selective transport of metal ions through graphene oxide membranes

Developing efficient, selective, and scalable separations for critical materials, including lithium and magnesium, is essential to meeting the increasing demands for clean energy technologies and alleviating challenges with domestic supply chains. Graphene oxide (GO) membranes have shown promise...

phys.org

Carbon fiber composite sensors offer solution for efficient traffic monitoring

A breakthrough in traffic monitoring technology has been achieved by a research team affiliated with UNIST. The team unveiled sensors that can monitor traffic and road conditions in real-time, while strengthening buildings and road structures.

techxplore.com

Breaking new ground for computing technologies with electron-hole crystals

When the number of electrons matches host lattice sites in a material, strong interactions between electrons can cause them to arrange themselves into an orderly pattern, forming what is known as an electron crystal. This phenomenon is fascinating because the electrons start to act collectively...

phys.org

Free software tool evaluates relative importance of predictors in generalized additive models

Generalized additive models (GAMs) are commonly used in ecological research for their ability to model complex nonlinear relationships. However, assessing predictor importance in the presence of concurvity is difficult due to overlapping variance among predictors.

phys.org

Sensing ultraviolet light with the help of molecular switches

The old saying "the dose makes the poison" also holds true for ultraviolet (UV) light. While UV light is essential for vitamin D production, it is also important in phototherapy, several industrial processes, and plant growth. It also has harmful effects such as premature skin aging and cancer.

phys.org

Breakthrough in plant disease: New enzyme could lead to anti-bacterial pesticides

Plant diseases pose significant challenges to agricultural productivity, presenting formidable hurdles that require urgent attention. Left unchecked, these diseases can spread rapidly, inflicting widespread damage on crops and leading to reduced yields and substantial economic losses.

phys.org

Drink up

Retaining flavor while removing caffeine—a chemist explains the chemistry behind decaf coffee

For many people, the aroma of freshly brewed coffee is the start of a great day. But caffeine can cause headaches and jitters in others. That's why many people reach for a decaffeinated cup instead.

phys.org

Climate-smart coffee: Researchers explore Robusta coffee as alternative to Arabica

Crave that cup of coffee in the morning? Globally, consumers drink more than 2.2 billion cups daily. Someone grows all that joe: More than 100 million farmers worldwide produce coffee.

phys.org

Is that glass bottle of orange juice better for the planet than a plastic container?

Which packaging type for a 12-ounce, single-serve container of orange juice would you choose as the most sustainable option:

phys.org

Craft cider is surprisingly good for the environment

Apple cider vinegar seems to be having a moment. People on social media report drinking it to lose weight and improve their health—although not everyone agrees about its purported benefits.

phys.org

 

[publiusr]

Fluidics

Versatile fluidic platform for programmable liquid processing

Society relies heavily on diverse fluidic technologies. The ability to precisely capture and release various chemical and biological fluids plays a fundamental role in many fields. A long-standing challenge is to design a platform that enables the switchable capture and release of liquids with...

phys.org

New research challenges conventional wisdom on wet surface adhesion

Scientists at the University of Akron and the University of Pittsburgh have overturned long-held assumptions in new research that finds water can be a help for adhesion.

phys.org

Sound dampening

Researchers use AI to create powerful sound-dampening materials

Noise pollution has become increasingly common in urban areas, stemming from traffic, construction activities, and factories, which can seriously impact health, causing stress, sleep disturbances, and cardiovascular issues. Consequently, various methods for noise reduction have been proposed...

techxplore.com

Concrete?

Researchers fabricate calcium carbonate concrete blocks strong enough for construction use

Researchers led by a team at the University of Tokyo have turned concrete from a demolished school building and carbon dioxide (CO2) from the air into new blocks strong enough to build a house with.

techxplore.com

Soft matter

Layering stretchable and rigid materials and incorporating machine learning improves accuracy of wearables

Researchers at Yokohama National University have developed a stretchy, high-precision measurement wearable device that combines soft polymer materials and rigid electronic elements. This device can accurately measure inertial data even if it extends up to 2.5 times its length.

techxplore.com

Vertically stacked skin-like active-matrix display with ultrahigh aperture ratio

Skin-like displays are critical components of information output in next-generation portable and wearable electronics. Currently, all such displays are fabricated on glass or thick plastic substrates, limiting the inherent mechanical flexibility of organic materials and preventing intimate skin...

phys.org

Ability to track nanoscale flow in soft matter could prove pivotal discovery

For roughly 70 years, Play-Doh has been entertaining children with its moldable, squishy form. This familiar substance belongs to a broader category known as soft matter, which includes some foods (such as mayonnaise), 3D printer gels, battery electrolytes and latex paint.

phys.org

Researchers show nanovoids improve material performance

Voids or pores have usually been viewed as fatal flaws that severely degrade a material's mechanical performance and should be eliminated in manufacturing.

phys.org

Unveiling the key factors that determine properties of porous polymer materials

Determining the relationship between microstructure features and their properties is crucial for improving material performance and advancing the design of next-generation structural and functional materials. However, this task is inherently challenging.

phys.org

Chemical production gets a cleaner boost from a new electrochemical method

A new electrochemical method can make chemical production cleaner and more energy-efficient.

phys.org

Chemists develop new sustainable reaction for creating unique molecular building blocks

Polymers can be thought of like trains: Just as a train is composed of multiple cars, polymers are made up of multiple monomers, and the couplings between the train cars are similar to the chemical bonds that link monomers together. While polymers have myriad applications—from drug delivery to...

phys.org

New membrane technology could lead to more effective and efficient water purification systems

A team of NYU Abu Dhabi (NYUAD) researchers has developed a novel approach that utilizes microwave technology to more easily synthesize and fine-tune a new type of membrane which effectively purifies water from a wide range of contaminants.

phys.org

Effective new catalyst brings hope for cleaner energy, wastewater treatment, and green chemistry

A catalyst that significantly enhances ammonia conversion could improve wastewater treatment, green chemical and hydrogen production.

phys.org

New 2D quantum sensor detects temperature anomalies and magnetic fields

Researchers at TMOS, the ARC Center of Excellence for Transformative Meta-Optical Systems, and their collaborators at RMIT University have developed a new 2D quantum sensing chip using hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) that can simultaneously detect temperature anomalies and magnetic field in any...

phys.org

'Amphibious' sensors make new, waterproof technologies possible

Researchers have demonstrated a technique for creating sensors that can function both in air and underwater. The approach paves the way for "amphibious" sensors with applications ranging from wildlife monitoring to biomedical applications.

techxplore.com

Innovative approach for synthesizing common plastics using remote spark discharge

Researchers at University of Tsukuba have developed a unique technique for synthesizing commonly used polymers, such as polystyrene, using radical polymerization. Here, a remote spark discharge from a Tesla coil, which is a high-voltage, high-frequency generator allows the reaction to proceed...

phys.org

Study observes that similarities between physical and biological systems might be greater than we think

A crowd or a flock of birds have different characteristics from those of atoms in a material, but when it comes to collective movement, the differences matter less than we might think. We can try to predict the behavior of humans, birds, or cells based on the same principles we use for particles.

phys.org

Explosive sniffer

Sniff test for explosives detection extends its reach

Scientists have developed a way to detect tiny amounts of hard-to-detect explosives more than eight feet away, reducing the need to swipe clothing, luggage or other materials.

phys.org

The helix

Breakthrough in molecular control: New bioinspired double helix with switchable chirality

The deoxyribonucleic acid or DNA, the molecular system that carries the genetic information of living organisms, can transcribe and amplify information using its two helical strands. Creating such artificial molecular systems that match or surpass DNA in functionality is of great interest to...

phys.org

The shape of molecules to come: A Q&A on designing DNA nanostructures for biomedical applications

By discovering new ways to manipulate matter at the atomic and molecular levels, advances in nanotechnology are paving the way for innovations in medicine, electronics, materials science and environmental remediation, among many other areas.

phys.org

Memory

Researchers discover new material for optically-controlled magnetic memory

Researchers at the University of Chicago Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering (PME) have made unexpected progress toward developing a new optical memory that can quickly and energy-efficiently store and access computational data. While studying a complex material composed of manganese...

phys.org

Achieving quantum memory in the notoriously difficult X-ray range

Light is an excellent carrier of information used not only for classical communication technologies but also increasingly for quantum applications such as quantum networking and computing. However, processing light signals is far more complex, compared to working with common electronic signals.

phys.org

PhAI—an AI system that figures out the phase of x-rays that crystals have diffracted

A trio of chemists at the University of Copenhagen has developed an AI application that can be used to figure out the phase of x-rays that crystals have diffracted as part of efforts to predict the structure of small molecules.

phys.org

Tech

New substrate material for flexible electronics could help combat e-waste

Electronic waste, or e-waste, is a rapidly growing global problem, and it's expected to worsen with the production of new kinds of flexible electronics for robotics, wearable devices, health monitors, and other new applications, including single-use devices.

techxplore.com

Metalenses phase characterization by multi-distance phase retrieval

Metalens is a kind of optical metasurface composed of metaatoms for manipulating incoming light's amplitude, phase, and polarization. Unlike traditional refractive lenses, metalens can modulate the wavefront from plane to spherical at an interface. It has garnered widespread attention due to its...

phys.org

Researchers achieve super-Bloch oscillations in strong-driving regime

Full coherent control of wave transport and localization is a long-sought goal in wave physics research, which encompasses many different areas from solid-state to matter-wave physics and photonics. One among the most important and fascinating coherent transport effects is Bloch oscillation...

phys.org

Researchers solve long-standing challenge for piezoelectric materials

Heat and pressure can deteriorate the properties of piezoelectric materials that make state-of-the-art ultrasound and sonar technologies possible—and fixing that damage has historically required disassembling devices and exposing the materials to even higher temperatures.

phys.org

Dozing at the wheel? Not with these fatigue-detecting earbuds

Everyone gets sleepy at work from time to time, especially after a big lunch. But for people whose jobs involve driving or working with heavy machinery, drowsiness can be extremely dangerous—if not outright deadly.

medicalxpress.com

Coupling excitons to polaritons for better solar cells and higher intensity LEDs

In solar cells and light-emitting diodes, maintaining the excited state kinetics of molecules against annihilation is a race against time. These systems need to strike a careful balance between different processes that lead to loss of energy and those that lead to the desired outcome.

phys.org

Team fabricates world's highest-performance superconducting wire segment

Our future energy may depend on high-temperature superconducting (HTS) wires. This technology's ability to carry electricity without resistance at temperatures higher than those required by traditional superconductors could revolutionize the electric grid and even enable commercial nuclear fusion.

phys.org

Hidden harmonies: Team discovers magnon–phonon Fermi resonance in an antiferromagnet

Soon, data storage centers are expected to consume almost 10% of the world's energy generation. This increase is, among other things, due to intrinsic limitations of the materials used—ferromagnets. Consequently, this problem has ignited a quest for faster and more energy-efficient materials.

phys.org

Generating and detecting graphene plasmon polaritons with terahertz electronics

Graphene plasmon polaritons are a class of hybrid quasi-particles with advantageous optoelectronic properties. These particles have proved promising for the development of miniaturized nanoscale circuits that operate in the terahertz and mid-infrared regions of the electromagnetic spectrum.

techxplore.com

Increasing solid-state electrolyte conductivity and stability using helical structure

Solid-state electrolytes have been explored for decades for use in energy storage systems and in the pursuit of solid-state batteries. These materials are safer alternatives to the traditional liquid electrolyte—a solution that allows ions to move within the cell—used in batteries today...

phys.org

2D layer of phosphorus pentamers shows semiconductor properties on silver surface

Phosphorus is a vital component of every organism and plays a key role, for example, in energy transfer in the body and within cell membranes, bones and teeth. Phosphorus is also special because it occurs in numerous different forms (allotropes). For example, there is the highly explosive, toxic...

phys.org

X-ray imagery of vibrating diamond opens avenues for quantum sensing

When it comes to materials for quantum sensors, diamond is the best game in town, says Cornell University professor Gregory Fuchs. Now he and a team of scientists have upped diamond's game by generating exquisite imagery of diamond undergoing microscopic vibrations.

phys.org

New X-ray world record: Looking inside a microchip with 4 nanometer precision

In a collaboration with EPFL Lausanne, ETH Zurich and the University of Southern California researchers at the Paul Scherrer Institute PSI have used X-rays to look inside a microchip with higher precision than ever before. The image resolution of 4 nanometers marks a new world record. The...

phys.org

Advanced chelators offer efficient and eco-friendly rare earth element recovery

The world is going to need a lot of weird metals in the coming years, according to chemistry professor Justin Wilson at UC Santa Barbara. But he isn't talking about lithium, cobalt or even beryllium. Wilson's interested in dysprosium, which is so hidden in the periodic table that you'd be...

phys.org

Researchers reveal atomic-scale details of catalysts' active sites

The chemical and energy industries depend upon catalysts to drive the reactions used to create their products. Many important reactions use heterogeneous catalysts—meaning that the catalysts are in a different phase of matter than the substances they are reacting with, such as solid platinum...

phys.org

New findings on nickel complexes improve efficiency in chemical applications

Researchers at the University of Chemistry and Technology in Prague have published the study of Tröger's base (TB) and spiro-Tröger's base (spiroTB) derivatives.

phys.org

Understanding the forces that regulate crystallization by particle attachment

A complex interplay of energetics and dynamics governs the behavior of nanocrystals in solution. These dynamics are usually interpreted in terms of the theory developed by Derjaguin, Landau, Verwey, and Overbeek (DVLO), and understanding these forces is particularly important for controlling...

phys.org

Researchers develop energy-efficient optical neural networks

EPFL researchers have published a programmable framework that overcomes a key computational bottleneck of optics-based artificial intelligence systems. In a series of image classification experiments, they used scattered light from a low-power laser to perform accurate, scalable computations...

phys.org

Researchers develop soft gold nanowires for neural interfaces

Gold does not readily lend itself to being turned into long, thin threads. But researchers at Linköping University in Sweden have now managed to create gold nanowires and develop soft electrodes that can be connected to the nervous system. The electrodes are soft as nerves, stretchable and...

phys.org

Molecules get a boost from metallic carbon nanotubes

A Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) team has found that pure metallic carbon nanotubes are best at transporting molecules.

phys.org

Self-powered pump uses light and chemistry to remove water pollutants

Dartmouth researchers have developed a self-powered pump that uses natural light and chemistry to target and remove specific water pollutants, according to a new report in the journal Science.

phys.org

Finding pearls in the mud: Eco-friendly tungsten recovery from semiconductor waste

Semiconductor industry waste is typically seen as a costly disposal problem and an environmental hazard. But what if this waste could be transformed into a valuable resource?

phys.org

Biotech potential set to soar with the help of digital technology

Microbes and fungi have long been nature's helpers in producing fine food, drinks and medicine, but new digital technologies could unlock far greater potential for the European biotech sector.

phys.org

Novel machine learning-based cluster analysis method that leverages target material property

In materials science, substances are often classified based on defining factors such as their elemental composition or crystalline structure. This classification is crucial for advances in materials discovery, as it allows researchers to identify promising classes of materials and explore new...

phys.org

Researchers suggest a new method for determining atomic charges in materials

Researchers from Skoltech, Ural Federal University, and Mikheev Institute of Metal Physics, UB RAS, have furnished a fundamental theoretical description of important properties of chemical bonding in materials—namely, the atomic charges and the partitioning of chemical bond energy into ionic and...

phys.org

Engineers develop general, high-speed technology to model, understand catalytic reactions

Researchers have been studying the industrial production of ammonia for a century. But they've struggled to find ways to improve the low-yield, low-efficiency process.

phys.org

Deep sea mining opponents suffer major setback

Opponents of deep sea mining suffered a serious setback Friday when they failed to take a first step toward an international moratorium on the controversial practice.

phys.org

Flight

Moore's Law of aviation: Flying keeps getting safer

Many airline passengers naturally worry about flying. But on a worldwide basis, commercial air travel keeps getting safer, according to a new study by MIT researchers.

techxplore.com

Flying's never been safer, says MIT study

Flying can be a nerve-wracking experience for many people—but a new study out Thursday finds commercial air travel keeps getting safer, with the risk of death halving every decade.

phys.org

Modern aircraft emit less carbon than older aircraft, but their contrails may do more environmental harm

Modern commercial aircraft flying at high altitudes create longer-lived planet-warming contrails than older aircraft, a new study has found.

phys.org

 

[publiusr]

Metal deposition

New technique prints metal oxide thin film circuits at room temperature

Researchers have demonstrated a technique for printing thin metal oxide films at room temperature, and have used the technique to create transparent, flexible circuits that are both robust and able to function at high temperatures.

techxplore.com

From shrimp to steel: Introducing nature-inspired metalworking

Humans have long turned to nature for solutions, from deciphering the mysteries of flight to creating stronger materials. For Javier Fernandez, Associate Professor at the Singapore University of Technology and Design (SUTD), nature is a blueprint for sustainability. "Unlike our society's...

techxplore.com

Enabling magnetostrictive strain-sensitivity synergy in polycrystalline Fe₈₁Ga₁₉ alloys

Magnetostrictive Fe-Ga alloys with low temperature dependence, high permeability, and good mechanical properties have gained increasing attraction among various magnetostrictive materials. In particular, polycrystalline Fe-Ga alloys exhibit wide potential in applications such as sensors...

phys.org

shape changing

Engineers make tunable, shape-changing metamaterial inspired by vintage toys

Common push puppet toys in the shapes of animals and popular figures can move or collapse with the push of a button at the bottom of the toys' base. Now, a team of UCLA engineers has created a new class of tunable dynamic material that mimics the inner workings of push puppets, with applications...

techxplore.com

An alternative to the Euler equation of rigid body rotational dynamics

SUNY Polytechnic Institute (SUNY Poly) Professor of Physics Dr. Amir Fariborz recently published research titled, "An alternative to the Euler equation of rigid body rotational dynamics," in the European Journal of Physics.

phys.org

Electrons in fluids and more

New research expands our understanding of how electrons move in complex fluids

Thomas Edison went through thousands of materials before he finally found the right tungsten filament to create a working lightbulb. This type of trial-and-error research continues today and is responsible for countless inventions that improve our world. Battery systems that help power our lives...

phys.org

A first definitive demonstration of nonthermal particle acceleration in magnetorotational turbulence

Researchers at KU Leuven, the University of Colorado, Boulder, the Flatiron Institute, and the University of Wisconsin–Madison recently set out to answer a long-standing research question, specifically whether charged particles in the turbulent flows commonly surrounding black holes and other...

phys.org

Neutrons reveal the existence of local symmetry breaking in a Weyl semimetal

The first materials scientists might have been early humans who—through trial-and-error experiments—discovered the first "cutting-edge" technologies. They found that the best arrowheads and other tools could be made from certain types of natural, structural materials, which at the time included...

phys.org

New surfactant from cashew nut shell liquid boosts industrial reactions

Industries and chemical labs synthesize a wide variety of organic molecules every day. Most of these chemical reactions happen in the liquid phase to allow the substrates to interact easily. However, many substrates and catalysts are sensitive to water and undergo side reactions, yielding...

phys.org

Modified solvents achieve vastly increased potentials for oxidation

A team of scientists headed by Professor Ingo Krossing, Professor of Molecular and Coordination Chemistry at the University of Freiburg's Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, has succeeded in significantly increasing the potential for oxidation of and positive ions.

phys.org

New method for altering vinyl systems has applications in drug and materials science

Constructing complex molecules from simpler ones is pivotal for the development of pharmaceuticals, materials science, and various scientific domains.

phys.org

Recovering valuable materials with better membranes

Critical minerals like lithium and cobalt are vital to batteries, electric vehicles, and renewable energy systems. To meet the long-term demand for these materials, finding sources of these materials beyond mining has become a priority for many researchers.

techxplore.com

No GPS?

Quantum sensing milestone draws closer to exquisitely accurate, GPS-free navigation

Peel apart a smartphone, fitness tracker or virtual reality headset, and inside you'll find a tiny motion sensor tracking its position and movement. Bigger, more expensive versions of the same technology, about the size of a grapefruit and a thousand times more accurate, help navigate ships...

techxplore.com

Tech

Hybrid RF-VLC system could reduce power consumption in wireless networks

Wireless internet supports the daily activities of countless people worldwide, ranging from their professional communications to internet browsing and the streaming of movies or TV series. This spiking demand for wireless internet access goes hand in hand with greater power consumption, which in...

techxplore.com

Researchers develop eco-friendly nanoparticles from plant waste

Researchers at the University of Chemistry and Technology in Prague have successfully synthesized bimetallic nanoparticles using waste extracts from Cannabis sativa and Vitis vinifera, showcasing an eco-friendly approach with potent antimicrobial properties. The work is published in the journal...

phys.org

Researchers discover new way to purify liquid argon for neutrino experiments

Construction workers have finished the excavation of the huge caverns that will house the international Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment. While engineers and technicians are preparing for the installation of the gigantic neutrino detectors into these caverns a mile underground, scientists...

phys.org

Using corrugated wall coverings to passively cool buildings

A team of applied physicists at Columbia University, working with a colleague from Henry M. Gunn High School, and another from the University of California, Los Angeles, has found that using corrugated siding on outdoor building walls can passively reduce wall temperatures.

techxplore.com

A new approach to fine-tuning quantum materials

Quantum materials—those with electronic properties that are governed by the principles of quantum mechanics, such as correlation and entanglement—can exhibit exotic behaviors under certain conditions, such as the ability to transmit electricity without resistance, known as superconductivity...

phys.org

Physicists throw world's smallest disco party with a levitating ball of fluorescent nanodiamond

Physicists at Purdue are throwing the world's smallest disco party. The disco ball itself is a fluorescent nanodiamond, which they have levitated and spun at incredibly high speeds. The fluorescent diamond emits and scatters multicolor lights in different directions as it rotates. The party...

phys.org

Exploring the structures of xenon-containing crystallites

Noble gases have a reputation for being unreactive, inert elements, but more than 60 years ago Neil Bartlett demonstrated the first way to bond xenon. He created XePtF6, an orange-yellow solid. Because it's difficult to grow sufficiently large crystals that contain noble gases, some of their...

phys.org

Physicists uncover new phenomena in fractional quantum Hall effects

Imagine a two-dimensional flatland, instead of our three-dimensional world, where the rules of physics are turned on their head and particles like electrons defy expectations to reveal new secrets. That's exactly what a team of researchers, including Georgia State University Professor of Physics...

phys.org

Quantum pumping in molecular junctions: Theoretical model could lead to switches and amplifiers

Researchers have developed a new theoretical modeling technique that could potentially be used in the development of switches or amplifiers in molecular electronics. The modeling technique is a collaboration between researchers at the University of Jyväskylä, Finland, and Wroclaw University of...

phys.org

Researchers observe 'locked' electron pairs in a superconductor cuprate

For the past century since their discovery, superconductors and their mysterious atomic properties have left researchers in awe. These special materials allow electricity to flow through them without any energy loss. They even allow trains to levitate.

phys.org

Team develops method for control over single-molecule photoswitching

Scientists from the Department of Physical Chemistry at the Fritz Haber Institute have made an innovative discovery in nanoscale optoelectronics. The study, published in the journal Nature Communications and titled "Atomic-Precision Control of Plasmon-Induced Single-Molecule Switching in a...

phys.org

Enhancing electron transfer for highly efficient upconversion OLEDs

Electron transfer is an elementary process in which an electron is transferred or relocated from a donor molecule or atom to another such entity, called the acceptor. This process is fundamental to chemical reactions, electronic devices, and even living organisms.

phys.org

Fine fragrances from test tubes: A new method to synthesize ambrox

Mankind has been craving pleasant smells and therefore working on perfumes since ancient times—fine scents have always been considered a source of inspiration, and a good fragrance has always been a sign of health. The scarce natural product (−)-ambrox, which is traditionally isolated from...

phys.org

MXene-based smart fabric shows potential for energy harvesting and health monitoring

Imagine a coat that captures solar energy to keep you cozy on a chilly winter walk, or a shirt that can monitor your heart rate and temperature. Picture clothing athletes can wear to track their performance without the need for bulky battery packs.

techxplore.com

Getting trapped in freshwater ice changes microplastics' sink-or-swim tendencies

Most bodies of water contain minute plastic particles that get trapped at the surface when ice forms. But when the ice melts, the microplastics have changed. According to research recently published in Environmental Science & Technology, the thawed particles might be larger and sink or float...

phys.org

Scientists achieve more than 98% efficiency in removing nanoplastics from water

University of Missouri scientists are battling against an emerging enemy of human health: nanoplastics. Much smaller in size than the diameter of an average human hair, nanoplastics are invisible to the naked eye.

phys.org

Team demonstrates halogen bonding for selective electrochemical separation, a path to sustainable chemical processing

With a new polymer that only attracts certain substances from solutions when electrically activated, researchers have taken a major step towards sustainable chemical separation.

phys.org

Chemists synthesize plant-derived molecules that hold potential as pharmaceuticals

MIT chemists have developed a new way to synthesize complex molecules that were originally isolated from plants and could hold potential as antibiotics, analgesics, or cancer drugs.

phys.org

New tool empowers pavement life-cycle decision-making while reducing data collection burden

Roads are the backbone of our society and economy, taking people and goods across distances long and short. They are a staple of the built environment, taking up nearly 2.8 million lane-miles (or 4.6 million lane-kilometers) of the United States' surface area.

techxplore.com

New genetically engineered wood can store carbon and reduce emissions

Researchers at the University of Maryland genetically modified poplar trees to produce high-performance, structural wood without the use of chemicals or energy-intensive processing. Made from traditional wood, engineered wood is often seen as a renewable replacement for traditional building...

techxplore.com

Risk

Why do researchers often prefer safe over risky projects? Explaining risk aversion in science

A mathematical framework that builds on the economic theory of hidden-action models provides insight into how the unobservable nature of effort and risk shapes investigators' research strategies and the incentive structures within which they work, according to a study published August 15 in PLOS...

phys.org

Larger teams in academic research worsen career prospects, study finds

As the Paris Olympics captured the world's attention, it proved apparent that winning medals often hinged on the success of teamwork. While such an approach clearly works in sports, new research suggests teamwork is not always the desired method … especially for young scientists trying to find...

phys.org

Drag

Studying the skin of the great white shark could help reduce drag in aircraft

High-ridged denticles reduce drag at low speeds; alternating ridges do so at high speeds.

arstechnica.com

 

[jsport]

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory

www.llnl.gov

———
My R&D budget would have huge increase in materials research especially energetics

Opinion: The U.S. Needs A New Push In Energetic Materials | Aviation Week Network

The time has come for the U.S. to spark a revolution in the manufacturing of solid propellants and explosives, argues Mark Lewis.

aviationweek.com

 

[publiusr]

Lattice construction

Researchers unleash machine learning in designing advanced lattice structures

Characterized by their intricate patterns and hierarchical designs, lattice structures hold immense potential for revolutionizing industries ranging from aerospace to biomedical engineering, due to their versatility and customizability. However, the complexity of these structures and the vast...

techxplore.com

Nanofilm production

High speed, large-area deposition nanofilm production possible with new technique

A Japanese research team led by Professor Minoru Osada from the Institute for Materials and Systems for Sustainability (IMaSS) at Nagoya University has pioneered a method for the high-speed, large-area deposition of two-dimensional (2D) materials, including oxides, graphene oxide, and boron...

phys.org

Quality control: Neatly arranging crystal growth to make fine thin films

Table salt and refined sugar look white to our eyes, but that is only because their individual colorless crystals scatter visible light. This feature of crystals is not always desirable when it comes to materials for optical and electrical devices, however.

phys.org

Fire protection

Sprayable gels could protect buildings during wildfires

As climate change creates hotter, drier conditions, we are seeing longer fire seasons with larger, more frequent wildfires. In recent years, catastrophic wildfires have destroyed homes and infrastructure, caused devastating losses in lives and livelihoods of people living in affected areas, and...

techxplore.com

gels and foams

Pong prodigy: Hydrogel material shows unexpected learning abilities

In a study published22 August in Cell Reports Physical Science, a team led by Dr. Yoshikatsu Hayashi demonstrated that a simple hydrogel—a type of soft, flexible material—can learn to play the simple 1970s computer game "Pong." The hydrogel, interfaced with a computer simulation of the classic...

phys.org

Materials scientists develop road map for designing responsive gels with unusual properties

Soft polymers with the combined properties of electrolytes and traditional polymers offer some unique and desirable properties that can be drastically changed on demand.

phys.org

Physicists develop new model that describes how filaments assemble into active foams

Many fundamental processes of life, and their synthetic counterparts in nanotechnology, are based on the autonomous assembly of individual particles into complex patterns. LMU physicist Professor Erwin Frey, Chair of Statistical and Biological Physics at LMU Munich and member of the ORIGINS...

phys.org

cooling device

Engineers develop eco-friendly cooling device with record-breaking efficiency

Researchers at the School of Engineering of the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST) have developed an eco-friendly refrigeration device with record-breaking cooling performance, setting the stage for transforming industries reliant on cooling and reducing global energy use.

techxplore.com

Chalk-based coating creates a cooling fabric

In the scorching heat of summer, anyone who spends time outside—athletes, landscapers, kids at the park or beachgoers—could benefit from a cooling fabric. While there are some textiles that reflect the sun's rays or transfer heat away from the body, current options require boutique fibers or...

phys.org

Thermal control and optics

Researchers demonstrate metasurfaces that control thermal radiation in unprecedented ways

Researchers with the Advanced Science Research Center at the CUNY Graduate Center (CUNY ASRC) have experimentally demonstrated that metasurfaces (two-dimensional materials structured at the nanoscale) can precisely control the optical properties of thermal radiation generated within the...

phys.org

A world first: Qubit coherence decay traced to thermal dissipation

Physicists from Aalto University in Finland, alongside an international team of collaborators, have theoretically and experimentally shown that superconducting qubit coherence loss can be directly measured as thermal dissipation in the electrical circuit holding the qubit.

phys.org

Machine learning explains material's unexpected thermal conductivity

Using a combination of machine learning and powerful X-rays, Cornell researchers have solved a mystery behind the unusual behavior seen in a class of materials with potential for thermoelectric energy conversion and other applications.

phys.org

New 'chiral vortex' of light allows chemists to 'see' molecules through the mirror

An entirely new structure of light is helping to measure chirality in molecules more accurately and robustly than ever before, in a major potential step for the pharmaceutical industry.

phys.org

Ultra-sensitive photothermal microscopy technique detects single nanoparticles as small as 5 nm

The detection of individual particles and molecules has opened new horizons in analytical chemistry, cellular imaging, nanomaterials, and biomedical diagnostics. Traditional single-molecule detection methods rely heavily on fluorescence techniques, which require labeling of the target molecules.

phys.org

Low-cost flexible metasurfaces to increase the efficiency of optoelectronic devices

Metasurfaces are two-dimensional counterparts of metamaterials, which are artificial materials that possess unusual characteristics. With a variety of fascinatingly innovative and diverse uses, these specially-prepared surfaces with engineered patterns can modify the propagation of...

phys.org

Advancing nanoscale imaging capabilities with dynamic nuclear polarization

Dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) has revolutionized the field of nanoscale nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), making it possible to study a wider range of materials, biomolecules and complex dynamic processes such as how proteins fold and change shape inside a cell.

phys.org

Physicists observe key minuscule molecular interactions in ultra-fast atomic processes

An international team of scientists is the first to report incredibly small time delays in a molecule's electron activity when the particles are exposed to X-rays.

phys.org

Freeze-frame: Researchers develop world's fastest microscope that can see electrons in motion

Imagine owning a camera so powerful it can take freeze-frame photographs of a moving electron—an object traveling so fast it could circle the Earth many times in a matter of a second. Researchers at the University of Arizona have developed the world's fastest electron microscope that can do just...

phys.org

Ultrathin quantum light sources: Scientists show excitonic interactions boost efficiency of entangled photon generation

Scientists from the National University of Singapore (NUS) have shown that excitonic resonances and transitions between excitons can significantly increase the efficiency of generating entangled photon pairs. This could lead to the development of efficient ultrathin quantum light sources.

phys.org

Computer vision researchers develop bilateral reference framework for high-resolution dichotomous image segmentation

A research team has developed a computer vision technique that can perform dichotomous image segmentation, high-resolution salient object detection, and concealed object detection in the same framework. Their novel bilateral reference framework (BiRefNet) is able to capture tiny-pixel features...

techxplore.com

Repurposing pencil lead as an optical material using plasma

Optical materials are essential in many modern applications, but controlling the way a material reflects light on its surface is costly and difficult. Now, in a recent study, researchers from Japan found a simple and low-cost way of tuning the reflectance spectra of pencil lead samples using...

phys.org

zap the coastline

Fighting coastal erosion with electricity

New research from Northwestern University has systematically proven that a mild zap of electricity can strengthen a marine coastline for generations—greatly reducing the threat of erosion in the face of climate change and rising sea levels.

phys.org

Electronics

Printed electronics material can store 1,000 times more charge than current forms

Imagine knowing your milk has gone bad without having to open your fridge. A technology called printed electronics could one day make innovations like this possible.

phys.org

A new electric reactor could cut industrial emissions

Currently, industrial processes in the U.S. account for approximately a third of the country's carbon dioxide emissions—even more than the annual emissions from passenger vehicles, trucks, and airplanes combined. Decarbonizing this sector is a challenging but vital step in mitigating impacts on...

techxplore.com

https://phys.org/news/2024-08-molecular-wires-high-molecule.html

https://techxplore.com/news/2024-08-scientists-hot-emitter-transistor-future.html

https://techxplore.com/news/2024-08-tensor-processor-chip-based-carbon.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-08-unveiling-power-hot-carriers-plasmonic.html

https://medicalxpress.com/news/2024-08-wearable-stretchable-sensor-enables-quick.html

https://techxplore.com/news/2024-08-terahertz-approach-real-perovskite-aging.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-08-nontoxic-ceramic-based-electronic-components.html

Researchers propose a smaller, more noise-tolerant quantum factoring circuit for cryptography

The most recent email you sent was likely encrypted using a tried-and-true method that relies on the idea that even the fastest computer would be unable to efficiently break a gigantic number into factors.

techxplore.com

World's first micromachine twists 2D materials at will

Just a few years ago, researchers discovered that changing the angle between two layers of graphene, an atom-thick sheet of carbon, also changed the material's electronic and optical properties. They then learned that a "twist" of 1.1 degrees—dubbed the "magic" angle—could transform this...

phys.org

the ratchet

https://phys.org/news/2024-08-ratchet-mechanism-geometrically-symmetric-gear.html

Cleaner synthetics

New twist on synthesis technique promises sustainable manufacturing

James Tour's lab at Rice University has developed a new method known as flash-within-flash Joule heating (FWF) that could transform the synthesis of high-quality solid-state materials, offering a cleaner, faster and more sustainable manufacturing process. The findings were published in Nature...

phys.org

Chemists succeed in upscaling a common reagent for industrial level applications

The metallic element samarium, when bound with other elements, is an incredibly useful chemical reagent for synthesizing molecules that can lead to new pharmaceuticals. Discovered in a Russian mine in 1879, the element was named after the mineral it was found in, called samarskite, which itself...

phys.org

A new reaction to enhance aromatic ketone use in chemical synthesis

Aromatic ketones have long been valuable intermediates in chemical synthesis, particularly in cross-coupling reactions where different chemical entities are combined to form new compounds. For instance, a process called deacylative cross-coupling removes the acyl group from the aromatic ketone...

phys.org

New device captures CO₂ and converts it to useful products

In an effort to reduce the environmental impact of carbon dioxide emissions, a University of Central Florida researcher has developed a new technology that captures carbon dioxide and outputs useful fuels and chemicals.

techxplore.com

AI accelerates discovery of next-gen polymers

Nylon, Teflon, Kevlar. These are just a few familiar polymers—large-molecule chemical compounds—that have changed the world. From Teflon-coated frying pans to 3D printing, polymers are vital to creating the systems that make the world function better.

phys.org

Researchers shed light on how to make photopolymerization much more efficient

Polymers are materials made out of long, repeating chains of molecules, and it is the interaction between these chains that dictates most of a polymer's physicochemical properties. In accordance with this intuitive understanding of polymers, which dates back to the 1930s, external forces acting...

phys.org

Small molecule organic eutectics show potential for replacing plastics

Plastics have long been a mainstay in modern manufacturing, but their environmental impact has increased demand for eco-friendly alternatives. Researchers at The University of Warwick have made significant progress in the search for sustainable alternatives to conventional plastics.

phys.org

Bioengineers develop a new environmentally friendly adhesive polymer

A team of bioengineers at the University of California, Berkeley, has developed a new kind of environmentally friendly adhesive polymer. In their study, published in the journal Science, the group used an electrophilic stabilizer to prevent a certain fatty acid from depolymerizing, thereby...

phys.org

Langbeinites show talents as 3D quantum spin liquids

A 3D quantum spin liquid has been discovered in the vicinity of a member of the langbeinite family. The material's specific crystalline structure and the resulting magnetic interactions induce an unusual behavior that can be traced back to an island of liquidity. An international team has made...

phys.org

A leap forward in nanotechnology: Growing special micro-crystals for better devices

In a paper published in the journal Advanced Materials, Dr. Atikur Rahman's research group from the Physics department at IISER Pune, India, along with collaborators, report a new way to grow special crystals called CsPbBr3 nanoplatelets.

phys.org

Researchers synthesize molecular aggregates for solar energy applications

No molecule stands alone—they need others, at least when it comes to being able to display useful photophysical, electronic, and chemical properties. When individual molecules combine into an aggregate, or a complex of two or more molecules, they become much more than the sum of their individual...

phys.org

New technology extracts lithium from brines inexpensively and sustainably

A new technology can extract lithium from brines at an estimated cost of under 40% that of today's dominant extraction method, and at just a fourth of lithium's current market price. The new technology would also be much more reliable and sustainable in its use of water, chemicals, and land than...

techxplore.com

Breaking down the indestructible: New technologies target PFAS environmental menace

PFAS are synthetic chemicals widely used in products such as non-stick cookware and waterproof clothing due to their water and grease-resistant properties. However, their persistence in the environment has led to widespread contamination and significant health concerns, including links to cancer...

phys.org

Study shows effective regulation and monitoring is key to tackling emissions of a super-greenhouse gas

New research has revealed factories globally are not properly destroying one of the most potent greenhouse gases emitted from the production of fluoropolymers like Teflon, and refrigerants.

phys.org

Machine learning uses X-ray diffraction data from polymers to predict the behavior of new materials

Polymers such as polypropylene are fundamental materials in the modern world, found in everything from computers to cars. Because of their ubiquity, it's vital that materials scientists know exactly how each newly developed polymer will perform under different preparation conditions. As...

phys.org

Morphable materials: Researchers coax nanoparticles to reconfigure themselves

A view into how nanoscale building blocks can rearrange into different organized structures on command is now possible with an approach that combines an electron microscope, a small sample holder with microscopic channels, and computer simulations, according to a new study by researchers at the...

phys.org

Scientists help turn whisky waste into valuable commodity

A new method to extract valuable bio-based chemicals from whisky distillery waste streams could transform manufacturing and be worth up to £90 million in global chemical manufacturing markets.

phys.org

More

Achieving enhanced energy storage performance and ultra-fast discharge time in tungsten-bronze ceramic

It is widely recognized that achieving high energy storage density and efficiency in ferroelectric ceramics relies on their ability to exhibit high saturation polarization and low residual polarization, which are essential for excellent energy storage performance. Moreover, the enhancement of...

phys.org

Study uncovers condensed-matter dark states in a quantum system with two pairs of sublattices

Dark states are quantum states in which a system does not interact with external fields, such as light (i.e., photons) or electromagnetic fields. These states, which generally occur due to interferences between the pathways through which a system interacts with an external field, are...

phys.org

Validation of superconductor theory: Cooper pairs display wave-like distribution in Kagome metals

A superconductivity theory proposed by a Würzburg physics team has been validated in an international experiment that showed Cooper pairs display wave-like distribution in Kagome metals. The finding will enable new technological applications such as superconducting diodes.

phys.org

Physicists successfully observe Kibble–Zurek scaling in an atomic Fermi superfluid

The Kibble–Zurek (KZ) mechanism is a theoretical framework introduced by physicists Tom Kibble and Wojciech Zurek. This framework essentially describes the formation of topological defects while systems undergo non-equilibrium phase transitions.

phys.org

Scientists uncover exciton behavior in van der Waals magnets

A research group led by scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) Brookhaven National Laboratory has uncovered details about the formation and behavior of mobile, microscopic, particle-like objects called "excitons" in a class of materials known as van der Waals magnets.

phys.org

Researchers observe Floquet states in colloidal nanoplatelets driven by visible pulses

Solution-processed semiconductor nanocrystals are also called colloidal quantum dots (QDs). While the concept of size-dependent quantum effects had long been known to physicists, a sculpture of the theory into real nanodimensional objects remained impossible till the discovery of QDs. The...

phys.org

Novel photoreceptor sheds light on how cyanobacteria 'see' color

Scientists from Tokyo Metropolitan University have identified a new photoreceptor in cyanobacteria with a modification in part of its structure which makes it sensitive to green/teal light. The photoreceptor belongs to a family usually sensitive to red/green light in the environment.

phys.org

Advanced orbital angular momentum mode switching in multimode fiber utilizing an optical neural network chip

The rapid development of technologies such as the internet, mobile communications, and artificial intelligence has dramatically increased the demand for high-capacity communication systems. Among various solutions, mode-division multiplexing (MDM) has emerged as a crucial technique, utilizing...

phys.org

Researchers work to create 3D digital twin of campus to optimize class times and locations

Texas A&M University researchers are working to create a campus "digital twin" that could lower commute times, enable students to plan efficient schedules, and help course schedulers to maximize classroom use.

phys.org

Breathing easier thanks to ART: Engineers take unique approach to tackle indoor air quality

Chances are you've never considered the act of breathing. Our lungs' gentle rise and fall is autonomic, pulling air in and nourishing our body with oxygen before expelling wastes like carbon dioxide (CO2).

techxplore.com

Researchers precisely measure effect of electromagnetic shielding in beryllium atoms

The electron shell of atoms acts as an "electromagnetic shield," preventing direct access to the nucleus and its properties. A team in the group of Klaus Blaum, director at the Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics in Heidelberg, has now succeeded in precisely measuring the effect of this...

phys.org

New heaviest exotic antimatter nucleus discovered

Scientists studying the tracks of particles streaming from six billion collisions of atomic nuclei at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC)—an "atom smasher" that recreates the conditions of the early universe—have discovered a new kind of antimatter nucleus, the heaviest ever detected...

phys.org

World's second largest diamond found in Botswana

A massive 2,492-carat diamond—the second largest in the world—has been discovered in Botswana, the Canadian mining company that found the stone announced Thursday.

phys.org

How particles of light may be producing drops of the perfect liquid

The world's largest and most powerful particle accelerator may be producing the world's tiniest droplets of liquid, right under scientists' noses. Researchers are digging into this subatomic enigma.

phys.org

 

[Rhinocrates]

Bricks? Humbug!

 

[aonestudio]

https://twitter.com/x/status/1828039692693934301

View: https://x.com/ArmedwScience/status/1828039692693934301

 

[publiusr]

Plastics for aviation

Scientists offer strong carbon plastics for aviation

Employees of the Institute of Chemistry of Kazan Federal University and the Kazan National Research Technical University have produced especially strong carbon plastics based on phosphate binders that can withstand temperatures of more than 500 degrees Celsius. The findings are published in the...

phys.org

Super Alloy

Researchers test stability of 3D-printed super alloy under extremes

What makes structures and materials designed for extreme environments reliable? Research led by the University of Alabama at Birmingham and published in Scientific Reports details developments in the understanding of additively manufactured materials under high pressures through the use of...

techxplore.com

Papertronics

Scientists develop eco-friendly microfabrication method using water and paper

Imagine being able to create incredibly tiny structures with the same ease and sustainability as printing on paper. This is the frontier of microfabrication—the process of making microscopic structures that are crucial for the operation of everything from computer chips to medical devices.

techxplore.com

Paper types ranked by likelihood of paper cuts

Via testing with a skin stand-in, a trio of physicists at Technical University of Denmark has ranked the types of paper that are the most likely to cause a paper cut. In an article published in Physical Review E, Sif Fink Arnbjerg-Nielsen, Matthew Biviano and Kaare Jensen tested the cutting...

phys.org

Optics

Entangled photon pairs enable hidden image encoding

Researchers at the Paris Institute of Nanoscience at Sorbonne University have developed a new method to encode images into the quantum correlations of photon pairs, making it invisible to conventional imaging techniques. The study is published in the journal Physical Review Letters.

phys.org

Beyond point-to-point triangulation: Dynamic 3D imaging under global illumination

As the "eyes of industry," 3D measurement technology provides comprehensive, accurate, and reliable 3D information for high-end precision manufacturing. Optical measurement methods, such as structured light projection, have been widely adopted in various fields, including industrial inspection...

phys.org

Seeing like a butterfly: Optical invention enhances camera capabilities

Butterflies can see more of the world than humans, including more colors and the field oscillation direction, or polarization, of light. This special ability enables them to navigate with precision, forage for food and communicate with one another. Other species, like the mantis shrimp, can...

techxplore.com

New engineering approach could lead to widespread adoption of photonic chips in consumer electronics

Researchers from TMOS, the ARC Center of Excellence for Transformative Meta-Optical Systems, have developed a new engineering approach to on-chip light sources that could lead to widespread adoption of photonic chips in consumer electronics.

techxplore.com

The world's fastest single-shot 2D imaging technique films ultrafast dynamics in flames

Candle flames and airplane engines produce tiny soot particles from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) as their precursors, both of which are harmful to humans and the environment. These carbon-based particles are also common in space, making up 10–12% of interstellar matter, and are...

phys.org

Upgraded atomic force microscope captures 3D images of calcite dissolving

Understanding the dissolution processes of minerals can provide key insights into geochemical processes. Attempts to explain some of the observations during the dissolution of calcite (CaCO3) have led to the hypothesis that a hydration layer forms, although this has been contested.

phys.org

So, which movie did your brain see? Eye movements can create different versions of the same film in our heads

Picture two people sitting in a movie theater, both watching the screen: Are they seeing the same thing? Or is the movie playing out differently in each of their minds? Researchers from the Justus Liebig University Giessen (JLU) have found that it's the latter, and they've published their...

medicalxpress.com

Creating an 'imprint' on a super photon

Thousands of light particles can merge into a type of "super photon" under certain conditions. Researchers at the University of Bonn have now been able to use "tiny nano molds" to influence the design of this so-called Bose-Einstein condensate. This enables them to shape the speck of light into...

phys.org

Reconfigurable sensor can detect particles 0.001 times the wavelength of light

In recent years, advances in photonics and materials science have led to remarkable developments in sensor technology, pushing the boundaries of what can be detected and measured. Among these innovations, non-Hermitian physics has emerged as a crucial area of research, offering new ways to...

phys.org

Study proposes generalized approach to light-matter interactions

A study coordinated by the University of Trento with the University of Chicago proposes a generalized approach to the interactions between electrons and light. In the future, it may contribute to the development of quantum technologies as well as to the discovery of new states of matter. The...

phys.org

Hybrid imaging approach reveals microbes in 3D

Caltech researchers have developed a new method to create three-dimensional images of complex communities of bacteria and plant roots. The technology synthesizes two traditional methods of imaging: visualizing microbes with fluorescence and a noninvasive technique called quantitative phase imaging.

phys.org

New method captures the stochastic dynamics in coherent X-ray imaging at the nanoscale

Coherent X-ray imaging has emerged as a powerful tool for studying both nanoscale structures and dynamics in condensed matter and biological systems. The nanometric resolution together with chemical sensitivity and spectral information render X-ray imaging a powerful tool to understand processes...

phys.org

Long-range-interacting topological photonic lattices breaking channel-bandwidth limit

Topological physics, which focuses on physical quantities that remain invariant under deformations, has garnered widespread interest in different areas of physics—photonics, quantum computing, solid-state physics, acoustics, and electronic circuits—due to its potential for noise-immune...

phys.org

High-refractive-index-modulation nanocomposites for augmented reality displays

Holographic optical elements (HOEs) are essential in augmented reality (AR) displays, providing benefits such as design flexibility and improved optical efficiency. However, current materials' limited refractive index modulation hampers performance, particularly in achieving a broader field of...

phys.org

Computational imaging empowers laser material processing with snapshot compressive microscopy

A team of researchers has developed a novel computational imaging system designed to address the challenges of real-time monitoring in ultrafast laser material processing. The new system, known as Dual-Path Snapshot Compressive Microscopy (DP-SCM), represents a significant advancement in the...

phys.org

Scientists create ultracompact polarization-entangled photon sources for miniaturized quantum devices

Scientists have created an ultra-thin light source that emits pairs of polarization-entangled photons. These specially correlated photons hold promise for future quantum technologies, including ultra-secure communication, powerful computation, and high-precision measurements. This light source...

phys.org

Proof-of-concept study demonstrates mid-infrared computational temporal ghost imaging

Ghost imaging in the time domain allows for reconstructing fast temporal objects using a slow photodetector. The technique involves correlating random or pre-programmed probing temporal intensity patterns with the integrated signal measured after modulation by the temporal object. However, the...

phys.org

Chemistry

Engineers develop all-in-one solution to catch and destroy 'forever chemicals'

Chemical engineers at the University of British Columbia have developed a new treatment that traps and treats PFAS substances—widely known as "forever chemicals"—in a single, integrated system.

phys.org

Chemists achieve PFAS-free synthesis of fluorinated pharmaceutical and agrochemical compounds

Chemists at the University of Amsterdam have developed a method to furnish a range of molecules with a trifluoromethyl group attached to a sulfur, nitrogen or oxygen atom. Their procedure, which is published in Science, avoids the use of PFAS reagents. It thus provides an environmentally...

phys.org

Strain engineering of Pt-based electrocatalysts for oxygen reaction reduction

The quest for efficient and durable oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) electrocatalysts is pivotal for the advancement of proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) technology. Despite their widespread use, the high cost and limited availability of Pt have driven the scientific community to explore...

phys.org

Expanding click chemistry: An eco-friendly conversion process for the synthesis of sulfonyl fluorides

For the first time, thiols and disulfides have been converted into sulfonyl fluorides using SHC5 and KF, expanding click chemistry with high efficiency and low environmental impact.

phys.org

Novel design strategy advances discovery of metal-organic frameworks

An innovative strategy, known as the "Up-Down Approach," has the potential to dramatically accelerate the creation of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). The paper is published in the journal Nature Synthesis.

phys.org

Chemists create industrially important alkyl amines from dinitrogen and alkenes

A critical chemical bond can be assembled using dinitrogen (N2)—a molecule freely available in the air around us—chemists at RIKEN have shown in a new article published in Nature.

phys.org

Rare earth single atoms enhance manganese oxide's electrochemical oxygen evolution

An international group of researchers has developed a novel approach that enhances the efficiency of the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), a key process in renewable energy technologies. By introducing rare earth single atoms into manganese oxide (MnO2), the group successfully modulated oxygen...

phys.org

What's in the foods we eat? Researchers develop a food microbiome database

Microbes are part of the food we eat and can influence our own microbiome, but we know very little about the microbes in our foods. Now, researchers have developed a database of the "food microbiome" by sequencing the metagenomes of 2,533 different foods.

phys.org

 

[bobbymike]

https://scitechdaily.com/mit-makes-titanium-alloys-tougher-and-more-flexible-than-ever/

 

[publiusr]

Self healing silver

Nanoscale silver exhibits intrinsic self-healing abilities without external intervention

As an innovative concept in materials science and engineering, the inspiration for self-healing materials comes from living organisms that have the innate ability to self-heal. Along this line, the search for self-healing materials has been generally focused on "soft" materials like polymers and...

phys.org

Concrete

Double-helical design boosts concrete crack resistance

Taking inspiration from nature, researchers from Princeton Engineering have improved crack resistance in concrete components by coupling architected designs with additive manufacturing processes and industrial robots that can precisely control materials deposition.

techxplore.com

Vibration control

Scientists develop new structure to control vibration of machines and instruments

Scientists say they have developed a structure that can absorb and reduce vibrations of engineering and mechanical gadgets more effectively than conventional systems hitherto used to contain the trembling of machines and devices across various industries.

techxplore.com

Sound waves now unidirectional

Researchers make sound waves travel in one direction only, with implications for electromagnetic wave technology

Researchers at ETH Zurich have managed to make sound waves travel only in one direction. In the future, this method could also be used in technical applications with electromagnetic waves.

phys.org

Improved method for phonon lasers 'locks' sound waves into a more stable and powerful state

Scientists have made a significant leap in developing lasers that use sound waves instead of light. These phonon lasers hold promise for advancements in medical imaging, deep-sea exploration, and other areas.

phys.org

Light too

Researchers create a one-dimensional gas out of light

Physicists at the University of Bonn and the University of Kaiserslautern-Landau (RPTU) have created a one-dimensional gas out of light. This has enabled them to test theoretical predictions about the transition into this exotic state of matter for the first time. The method used in the...

phys.org

Researchers develop light-charged supercapacitor for self-powered devices

Researchers at the Department of Instrumentation and Applied Physics (IAP), Indian Institute of Science (IISc) and collaborators have designed a new supercapacitor that can be charged by light shining on it. Such supercapacitors can be used in various devices, including streetlights and...

techxplore.com

Making skin invisible

A window into the body: New technique makes skin invisible

Researchers have developed a new way to see organs within a body by rendering overlying tissues transparent to visible light. The counterintuitive process—a topical application of food-safe dye—was reversible in tests with animal subjects, and may ultimately apply to a wide range of medical...

phys.org

Low light still useful

Arctic microalgae show photosynthesis in near darkness is possible

Photosynthesis can take place in nature even at extremely low light levels. This is the result of an international study that investigated the development of Arctic microalgae at the end of the polar night. The measurements were carried out as part of the MOSAiC expedition at 88° northern...

phys.org

Manipulation of nanolight provides new insight for quantum computing and thermal management

A recent study led by University of Minnesota Twin Cities researchers provides fundamental insight into how light, electrons, and crystal vibrations interact in materials. The research has implications for developing on-chip architectures for quantum information processing, significantly...

phys.org

Implications for gas core propulsion?

Nuclear power plants: A scintillating aerogel for monitoring radioactive gas emissions

A scintillating aerogel enabling real-time measurements with excellent sensitivity to certain radioactive gases, essential to monitoring the proper functioning of nuclear power plants, has just been developed by a group of physicists, chemists, and meteorologists from the CNRS, the University...

techxplore.com

Nuclear fuel experiment demonstrates how liquid plutonium oxide behaves at the hottest temperatures

The 2011 accident at the Fukushima-Daiichi plant in Japan inspired extensive research and analysis that elevated nuclear energy into a standard bearer for safety. It also inspired a number of studies at the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) Argonne National Laboratory. Scientists want to look...

phys.org

Probing the depths of complex electron shells: New insights into uranium's tricky chemistry

The heavy metal uranium is, besides its radioactive reputation, known for its intricate chemistry and diverse bonding behaviors. Now, an international team of scientists have utilized synchrotron light at the Rossendorf Beamline (ROBL) to explore the unique properties of low-valent uranium...

phys.org

Assorted, distinctive behavior of molten uranium salt revealed by neutrons

In a paper published in the Journal of the American Chemical Society, researchers have documented for the first time the unique chemistry dynamics and structure of high-temperature liquid uranium trichloride (UCl3) salt, a potential nuclear fuel source for next-generation reactors.

phys.org

Temperature control

Thermochromic material could make indoor temperature control more energy-efficient

Rice University researchers have developed a smart material that adjusts its transparency with changes in temperature, outperforming similar materials in terms of durability, transparency and responsiveness. The new polymer blend could significantly enhance energy efficiency for indoor space...

techxplore.com

Multispectral smart window: A step toward healthier indoor environments

Windows, the vital conduits between indoor spaces and the external environment, also serve as primary entry points for harmful light waves and electromagnetic (EM) waves. However, managing light transmission and scattering typically requires different material systems and devices.

techxplore.com

Novel metasurface enables temperature-adaptive radiative cooling

As the global energy crisis intensifies and climate change accelerates, finding sustainable solutions for energy management is increasingly urgent. One promising approach is passive radiative cooling, a technology that allows objects to cool by emitting heat directly into space, requiring no...

phys.org

Radiant cooling device uses significantly less energy than traditional air conditioning

A team of sustainable energy engineers at The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, working with a pair of colleagues from the GD MIDEA Air-Conditioning Equipment Co., LTD., in China, has developed a personalized cooling apparatus to replace traditional air-conditioning.

techxplore.com

Experiments demonstrates chiral quantum heating and cooling with an optically controlled ion

Heat engines, converting heat into useful work, are vital in modern society. With advances in nanotechnology, exploring quantum heat engines (QHEs) is crucial for designing efficient systems and understanding quantum thermodynamics.

phys.org

New technique shows promise for mass fabricating an exotic quasi-1D material

Researchers have fabricated a quasi-one-dimensional van der Waals zirconium telluride thin film, which is a form of a substance that has long promised advances in quantum computing, nano-electronics and other advanced technologies. Until now, it has stumped scientists who have tried to...

phys.org

Sprayable gels could protect buildings during wildfires

As climate change creates hotter, drier conditions, we are seeing longer fire seasons with larger, more frequent wildfires. In recent years, catastrophic wildfires have destroyed homes and infrastructure, caused devastating losses in lives and livelihoods of people living in affected areas, and...

techxplore.com

Air conditioning poses a climate conundrum

This week, much of the US is suffering from yet another heat wave. So far this year, 15 countries have set records for high heat. Last July, the average global temperature, factoring in heat waves in multiple regions around the world, was likely the hottest in 120,000 years. Heat stress already...

phys.org

Lubricants

Plant proteins could be radical alternative to oil-based super lubricants

An oil-free super-lubricant created from potato proteins could pave the way for sustainable engineering and biomedical applications, thanks to research led by the University of Leeds.

phys.org

Tech news

https://phys.org/news/2024-08-large-materials-ai-driven-discovery.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-08-fostering-creativity-scientific.html

Metasurfaces: Tiny tech with big potential

Imagine manipulating light with ultra-thin, flat sheets instead of bulky lenses and mirrors. That's the promise of metasurfaces, a nanostructure technology that can twist and bend light in ways never before possible.

phys.org

https://phys.org/news/2024-08-capture-physicists-particle-gravitons.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-08-physicists-exciton.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-09-porous-gas-adsorbing-materials-reveal.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-08-machine-simulations-irregularly-particles.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-08-high-entropy-covalent-cyclic-peptide.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-08-neutron-instrument-dawn-ai-powered.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-09-discusses-effect.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-09-glass-liquid-electrolyte-transition-broad.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-08-unveiling-sample-configuration-ultrahigh-pressure.html

Optoelectronic diamond device reveals an unexpected phenomenon reminiscent of lightning in slow motion

Diamond is in many ways the ultimate material. Besides its enduring aesthetic value, diamond is also a highly versatile industrial material. While its claim as the hardest substance known to science has been usurped by ultra-rare minerals and newly developed synthetic materials, it still sits on...

phys.org

Long-range-interacting topological photonic lattices breaking channel-bandwidth limit

Topological physics, which focuses on physical quantities that remain invariant under deformations, has garnered widespread interest in different areas of physics—photonics, quantum computing, solid-state physics, acoustics, and electronic circuits—due to its potential for noise-immune...

phys.org

Theoretical research establishes unified way to quantify vital quantum properties

The foundation of nearly all quantum information applications—such as computation and communication—rely on the quantum properties of superposition and entanglement.

phys.org

Bridging quantum mechanics and cosmology: The role of the generalized uncertainty principle

In a continuous pursuit to understand the fundamental laws that govern the universe, researchers have ventured deep into the realms of string theory, loop quantum gravity, and quantum geometry. These advanced theoretical frameworks have revealed an especially compelling concept: the generalized...

phys.org

Molecularly imprinted polymers help get the stink out of smoke-tainted wine

Wildfires can damage crops, even if flames come nowhere near the plants. One outcome can be an unpleasant flavor and smell of wine that is made from grapes exposed to smoke. But researchers report in the Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry that they have developed a way to lessen this...

phys.org

Bioengineers develop protein assembly road map for nature-derived nanobubbles

As far as water gear goes, floaties are not exactly high tech. But the tiny air-filled bubbles some microorganisms use as flotation devices when they compete for light on the water surface are a different story.

phys.org

Novel encoding mechanism unveiled for particle physics

In the development of particle physics, researchers have introduced an innovative particle encoding mechanism that promises to improve how information in particle physics is digitally registered and analyzed. This new method, focusing on the quantum properties of constituent quarks, offers...

phys.org

New method sheds light on the hidden world of solvation shells

Scientists from the Fritz Haber Institute, Sorbonne University, and Uppsala University have made a discovery that can help to improve our understanding of the behavior of ions in solutions. Their paper, titled "The solvation shell probed by resonant intermolecular Coulombic decay," has been...

phys.org

Quantum nonlocality demonstrated in first loophole-free test of Hardy's paradox

A research team has achieved the loophole-free test of Hardy's paradox for the first time. The team successfully demonstrated Hardy's nonlocality while closing both the detection efficiency loophole and the locality loophole.

phys.org

Research team develops atomic comagnetometer that suppresses noise by two orders of magnitude

A research team has discovered the Fano resonance interference effect between mixed atomic spins. They proposed a novel magnetic noise suppression technique, reducing magnetic noise interference by at least two orders of magnitude. The study was published in Physical Review Letters. The team was...

phys.org

Preventing counterfeiting by adding dye to liquid crystals to create uncrackable coded tags

A research group led by Nagoya University has developed an innovative approach to creating anti-counterfeiting labels for high-value goods. Their findings, published in ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, enhance the security of the currently used cholesteric liquid crystals (CLCs) by adding...

phys.org

Researchers demonstrate spontaneous synchronization of quantum vortices in semiconductor microcavities

Researchers from Skoltech, Universitat Politècnica de València, Institute of Spectroscopy of RAS, University of Warsaw, and University of Iceland have demonstrated the spontaneous formation and synchronization of multiple quantum vortices in optically excited semiconductor microcavities.

phys.org

Researchers create entangled quantum magnets with protected quantum excitations

When different quantum states combine, new collective states of matter can emerge. In the quantum realm, combining components such as atoms that possess quantum effects can give rise to macroscopic quantum states of matter, featuring exotic quantum excitations that do not exist anywhere else.

phys.org

Using atomic excitations to measure the rotation of spacetime

How would atoms behave near a supermassive object? We know how atoms behave in extremely weak gravity like that at the Earth's surface: They can be excited from a lower energy level to a higher one when an electron absorbs a photon or a nucleus absorbs a gamma ray, and so on. But what if the...

phys.org

Researcher explores how you can stretch your mind to grasp quantum entanglement

My new article, "Quantum Entanglement of Optical Photons: The First Experiment, 1964–67," is intended to convey the spirit of a small research project that reaches into uncharted territory. The article breaks with tradition, as it offers a first-person account of the strategy and challenges of...

phys.org

Ultracompact fiber-tip sensor achieves high sensitivity in magnetic field and temperature measurements

Magnetic field sensing plays a pivotal role in numerous fields of medical, transportation and aerospace. The optical fiber-based magnetic field sensor possesses outstanding characteristics of compactness, long-distance interrogation, low cost and high sensitivity, which has attracted intensive...

phys.org

Electricity generated by earthquakes might be the secret behind giant gold nuggets

Scientists have long been fascinated by the formation of gold nuggets, often found nestled within quartz veins. New research led by Monash University geologists suggests that the process might be even more electrifying than we previously thought—literally.

phys.org

Companies are crafting new ways to grow cocoa, and chocolate alternatives, to keep up with demand

Climate change is stressing rainforests where the highly sensitive cocoa bean grows, but chocolate lovers need not despair, say companies that are researching other ways to grow cocoa or develop cocoa substitutes.

phys.org

Researcher: Playing technology games and making science fun helps young kids solve visual problems, grasp ideas better

As I watched my sons, Wavhudi and Rivhavhudi, play games on my phone before bedtime, I was captivated by their enthusiasm and how deeply they were engaged—especially when the games involved math or science. Both boys experienced speech delays and I hoped the games would help them develop their...

phys.org

NASA tunnel generates decades of icy aircraft safety data

On Sept. 13, 1944, researchers subjected a Bell P-39L Airacobra to frigid temperatures and a freezing water spray in the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA)'s new Icing Research Tunnel (IRT) to study inflight ice buildup. Since that first run at the Aircraft Engine Research...

techxplore.com

Cooperation limits

Mathematicians model a puzzling breakdown in cooperative behavior

Darwin was puzzled by cooperation in nature—it ran directly against natural selection and the notion of survival of the fittest. But over the past decades, evolutionary mathematicians have used game theory to better understand why mutual cooperation persists when evolution should favor...

phys.org

 

[bobbymike]

https://www.nationaldefensemagazine.org/articles/2024/9/13/army-mining-ai-for-alloy-discovery-battery-development?fbclid=IwZXh0bgNhZW0CMTEAAR3ctYlvDh-c8_5gZDmPWyxkx3GpTsqg3ZaVRxw4nny1IFt8_Reotd2KXow_aem_veDLqrh3-Aul-fGz3MQWrw

 

[bobbymike]

https://scitechdaily.com/newly-developed-chameleon-chemical-could-revolutionize-rare-earth-metal-purification/

 

[publiusr]

Radome having the same problem as headlight crud? Check this out

Dual-feedback mechanism can enhance anti-oxidation coatings in fiber composites

Fiber-reinforced ceramic matrix composites (CMCs) have been the primary choice for radome materials in hypersonic vehicles due to their high toughness, strength, and other advantageous properties. However, oxidation by oxygen in the atmospheric environment at elevated temperatures remains a...

phys.org

Other healing materials

Adaptive healing of stress-induced dynamic cracks in a metal-organic framework membrane using nanoparticles

Stress-induced cracks often lead to catastrophic failure of materials. For membranes, stress loads concomitant with thermal and mechanical risks during separation will gradually produce cracks, which weaken the stability and reliability of membranes in long-term separation processes.

phys.org

Nanoscale silver exhibits intrinsic self-healing abilities without external intervention

As an innovative concept in materials science and engineering, the inspiration for self-healing materials comes from living organisms that have the innate ability to self-heal. Along this line, the search for self-healing materials has been generally focused on "soft" materials like polymers and...

phys.org

Alumina and other finds

Researchers solve long-standing mystery of alumina surface structure

Aluminum oxide (Al2O3), also known as alumina, corundum, sapphire, or ruby, is one of the best insulators used in a wide range of applications: in electronic components, as a support material for catalysts, or as a chemically resistant ceramic, to name a few.

phys.org

Discovery of a new phase of matter in 2D defies normal statistical mechanics

Physicists from the Cavendish Laboratory in Cambridge have created the first two-dimensional version of the Bose glass, a novel phase of matter that challenges statistical mechanics. The details of the study have been published in Nature.

phys.org

Wave scattering simulation unlocks potential metamaterials

A new software package developed by researchers at Macquarie University can accurately model the way waves—sound, water or light—are scattered when they meet complex configurations of particles.

phys.org

Noise reduction

Novel compact meta-silencer design leverages acoustic black hole and rainbow trapping effects

Chronic low-frequency noise from vehicles, appliances, and industries takes a toll on mental health, causing stress and anxiety. Traditional acoustic silencers require bulky designs to achieve effective noise reduction at low frequencies.

techxplore.com

Water

Self-charging energy harvester generates electricity from seawater

An innovative energy harvester, capable of continuously producing electrical energy by utilizing the movement of the sodium ions contained in seawater, has been developed. This technology is anticipated to find applications as a source technology in a wide range of sectors, including water-based...

techxplore.com

Energy-efficient device uses solar power to turn seawater into fresh water

Researchers at the University of Waterloo have designed an energy-efficient device that produces drinking water from seawater using an evaporation process driven largely by the sun.

techxplore.com

Carbohydrate polymers could be a sweet solution for water purification

Water polluted with heavy metals can pose a threat when consumed by humans and aquatic life. Sugar-derived polymers from plants remove these metals but often require other substances to adjust their stability or solubility in water.

phys.org

under pressure

Why do materials get stronger when they are deformed? Research sheds light on universal mechanisms of work hardening

The earliest blacksmiths in the Bronze and Iron Ages figured out that when they deformed metal through bending or hammering, it became stronger. This process, known as work or strain hardening, is still used widely in metallurgy and manufacturing today to increase the strength of everything from...

phys.org

Research team achieves high-resolution 2D imaging for graphene devices under high pressure

A research team led by Prof Zhang Zengming from the University of Science and Technology of China (USTC) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) has combined nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond with a diamond anvil cell (DAC) to achieve non-invasive, high-resolution two-dimensional imaging...

phys.org

Particles, assemble!

Smart supramolecular assemblies: Researchers show how additives promote self-assembly of spherical microparticles

If you've ever opened a box from IKEA and wished the pieces inside could somehow spontaneously merge to form a table or chair, then a simple virus could have a thing or two to teach you. Self-assembly of complex molecules is essential for a wide array of biological structures, including...

phys.org

Study reveals profound impact of synthesis method on disordered materials

A new study has revealed for the first time how different synthesis methods can profoundly impact the structural and functional properties of high entropy oxides, a class of materials with applications in everyday electronic devices. The study is published this week in the Journal of the...

phys.org

Atomic diffusion technique could lead to mass production of metal nanowires

A group from Nagoya University in Japan has created a new technique for growing the tiny metal nanowires (NWs) that are expected to be used in next-generation electronics. Their results suggest a way to mass produce pure metal NWs, which has until now limited their use.

phys.org

The microDicer

New precision tools make quick work of tumor dissection

As fascinating as it is to work in a modern biology lab, in many cases a lot of repetitive, detailed work is necessary before the research can start. For example, cancer researchers are now capable of using hundreds or even thousands of small, lab-grown tumor samples—known as organoids—to test...

medicalxpress.com

Cooking oil, changed

Zeolite catalyst method uses microwaves to convert waste cooking oil into useful chemicals

Researchers from Kyushu University have revealed that a zeolite material called Na-ZSM-5 is effective in improving the chemical conversion of biomass into olefins—a precursor chemical that makes everything from plastics to pharmaceuticals—using microwaves.

phys.org

antimatter and physics

Scientists cool positronium to near absolute zero for antimatter research

Most atoms are made from positively charged protons, neutral neutrons and negatively charged electrons. Positronium is an exotic atom composed of a single negative electron and a positively charged antimatter positron. It is naturally very short-lived, but researchers including those from the...

phys.org

New fusion reactions could lead to long-lasting superheavy nuclei with unique properties

A team of scientists has made significant progress in the ongoing quest to create new, long-lasting superheavy nuclei. These double magic nuclei, characterized by a precise number of protons and neutrons that form a highly stable configuration, are exceptionally resistant to decay.

phys.org

Scientists prove long-standing wave amplification theory

Physicists at the University of Southampton have tested and proven a 50-year-old theory for the first time using electro-magnetic waves. They have shown that the energy of waves can be increased by bouncing "twisted waves"—those with angular momentum—off of an object which is rotating in a...

phys.org

X-rays from atomic systems could reveal new clues about rival quantum theories

The apparent weirdness of the quantum world is often exemplified by the paradox of Schrödinger's imaginary cat that exists in a limbo state of being both alive and dead until looked upon by an observer. But in the real world we never encounter such zombie felines.

phys.org

Optics

Open-source software helps streamline 2D materials research with scanning tunneling microscope automation

A new open-source software package developed by Monash University researcher Julian Ceddia aims to significantly streamline the study of materials using scanning tunneling microscopes (STMs).

phys.org

Smartphone-based microscope rapidly reconstructs 3D holograms

Researchers have developed a new smartphone-based digital holographic microscope that enables precision 3D measurements. The highly portable and inexpensive microscope could help bring 3D measurement capabilities to a broader range of applications, including educational uses and point-of-care...

phys.org

Hyperspectral microscopy reveals the nanostructures that give butterflies their colors

Scientists have found a new way to see how butterflies develop their colors.

phys.org

Unique nanodisk pushes photonics research forward

Photonic applications harness the power of light-matter interactions to generate various intriguing phenomena. This has enabled major advances in communications, medicine, and spectroscopy, among others, and is also used in laser and quantum technologies.

phys.org

Multifunctional phosphor developed for white LED lighting and optical thermometry

In the realm of lighting and temperature measurement, advancements in material science are paving the way for significant improvements in technology and safety. Traditional methods, which combine yellow phosphors with blue chips in LEDs, have limitations such as inadequate red light components...

phys.org

Researchers simulate novel metal-filtered VCSEL modal control

A study led by researchers from the Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences revealed a novel metal-dielectric film mode filter structure that can flexibly regulate transverse modes in vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs), which...

phys.org

tech

Latent information carried by photons enables super-precise spectrometer

Two researchers at the University of Warsaw developed a quantum-inspired super-resolving spectrometer for short pulses of light. The device designed in the Quantum Optical Devices Lab at the Centre for Quantum Optical Technologies, Centre of New Technologies and Faculty of Physics UW offers over...

phys.org

Unprecedented spin properties revealed in new artificial materials

In conjunction with research staff from the Charles University of Prague and the CFM (CSIC-UPV/EHU) center in San Sebastian, CIC nanoGUNE's Nanodevices group has designed a new complex material with emerging properties in the field of spintronics. This discovery, published in the journal Nature...

phys.org

 

[Rhinocrates]

What old materials are there?

 

[bobbymike]

https://scitechdaily.com/revolutionary-catalyst-uses-sunlight-to-turn-greenhouse-gases-into-valuable-chemicals/

 

[publiusr]

New alloys

Innovating alloy production: A single step from ores to sustainable metals

Metal production is responsible for 10% of global CO2 emissions, with iron production emitting two tons of CO2 for every ton of metal produced, and nickel production emitting 14 tons of CO2 per ton and even more, depending on the ore used.

techxplore.com

Researchers build AI model database to find new alloys for nuclear fusion facilities

A study led by the Department of Energy's Oak Ridge National Laboratory details how artificial intelligence researchers have created an AI model to help identify new alloys used as shielding for housing fusion applications components in a nuclear fusion reactor. The findings mark a major step...

phys.org

tough polymers

Nature-inspired patterns boost polymer toughness

Biological systems are renowned for their ability to create strong yet resilient structures. A sea sponge, for instance, grows in layers, forming unique patterns that integrate minerals with softer regions, creating an ideal balance of strength and flexibility.

phys.org

Concrete

Team develops tougher concrete, inspired by bone

Inspired by the architecture of human bone's tough outer layer, engineers at Princeton have developed a cement-based material that is 5.6 times more damage-resistant than standard counterparts. The bio-inspired design allows the material to resist cracking and avoid sudden failure, unlike...

techxplore.com

Ceramics for radomes

Material scientists develop porous Si₃N₄ ceramics with uniform, fine structures

Radomes and wave-transmitting antenna windows are critical structural components in aircraft, protecting radar antennas from external interference while ensuring reliable communication. Currently, the most widely used wave-transmitting materials are ceramics based on oxides and nitrides. Si3N4...

phys.org

Flames

A new twist on observing start of fires using advanced real-time image processing

A new system aimed at improving the monitoring and detection of forest fires through advanced real-time image processing is reported in the International Journal of Information and Communication Technology. The work could lead to faster and more accurate detection and so help improve the...

techxplore.com

Memory crystal and optics

Human genome stored on 'everlasting' memory crystal

University of Southampton scientists have stored the full human genome on a 5D memory crystal—a revolutionary data storage format that can survive for billions of years.

phys.org

Newly developed OLED could enable compact, lightweight night vision

A new type of OLED (organic light emitting diode) could replace bulky night vision goggles with lightweight glasses, making them cheaper and more practical for prolonged use, according to University of Michigan researchers.

phys.org

Inspired by squids and octopi, a new screen stores and displays encrypted images without electronics

A flexible screen inspired in part by squid can store and display encrypted images like a computer—using magnetic fields rather than electronics. The research is reported in Advanced Materials by University of Michigan engineers.

techxplore.com

Materials scientist describes new world order for glasses, liquids

In 1543, Copernicus pitched the heliocentric idea that the Earth orbited the sun. His theory took 150 years to catch on and more than 400 years for the Vatican to officially accept it. Likewise, distinguished materials scientist Takeshi Egami has spent his career revealing the complex atomic...

phys.org

AI model can reveal the structures of crystalline materials

For more than 100 years, scientists have been using X-ray crystallography to determine the structure of crystalline materials such as metals, rocks, and ceramics.

phys.org

New method improves understanding of light-wave propagation in anisotropic materials

Understanding how light travels through various materials is essential for many fields, from medical imaging to manufacturing. However, due to their structure, materials often show directional differences in how they scatter light, known as anisotropy. This complexity has traditionally made it...

phys.org

Label-free optical tech takes power and efficiency of biological sensing to record level

University of Arizona researchers have developed a new biological sensing method that can detect substances at the zeptomolar level—an astonishingly miniscule amount.

phys.org

Scientists mix sky's splendid hues to reset circadian clocks

Those mesmerizing blue and orange hues in the sky at the start and end of a sunny day might have an essential role in setting humans' internal clocks.

medicalxpress.com

Unusual materials

New material with wavy layers of atoms exhibits unusual superconducting properties

MIT physicists and colleagues have created a new material with unusual superconducting and metallic properties, thanks to wavy layers of atoms only billionths of a meter thick that repeat themselves over and over to create a macroscopic sample that can be manipulated by hand. The large size of...

phys.org

Findings hint at a superfluid phase in ²⁹F and ²⁸O

Data collected by the SAMURAI spectrometer at RIKEN's RI Beam Factory (RIBF) in Japan recently led to the detection of a rare fluorine (F) isotope, known as 30F. This has opened interesting possibilities for the study of rare nuclear structures and corresponding phases, which could in turn help...

phys.org

2D silk protein layers on graphene pave the way for advanced microelectronics and computing

After thousands of years as a highly valuable commodity, silk continues to surprise. Now it may help usher in a whole new direction for microelectronics and computing.

phys.org

Symmetry model sheds light on the chemistry surrounding peptide helices

Helices are structures found naturally in many important molecules, such as proteins. These helices possess a twist that depends on the arrangement of their basic components. By understanding how a helix is formed, we can gain deeper insights into how these structures influence the behavior of...

phys.org

Researchers achieve aluminum molecular ring-based rotaxane and polyrotaxane

Rotaxanes have garnered interest for their unique structures consisting of mechanically interlocked axles and macrocycles. Numerous organic macrocycles have been employed to construct rotaxanes, including crown ether, cyclobis(paraquat-p-phenylene), calixarene, pillararene, cyclodextrin, and...

phys.org

Bioengineers create new substrate to study wood-decomposing enzyme

Researchers want to transform the natural and abundant resource wood into useful materials, and central to that is a molecular machine found in fungi that decomposes the complex raw material into its basic components.

phys.org

Liquid treatment

First liquid-liquid extraction trial finds porous liquids can separate harmful or unwanted alcohols from mixtures

A world-first study has successfully used porous liquids to achieve liquid-liquid separation for the first time, creating exciting potential for advancing both environmental sustainability and public health.

phys.org

Designing a better water filter: A fabric-like filter to remove tiny plastics and lead from drinking water

Water filters on the market today can remove some contaminants, but they're not designed to capture microplastics. In fact, some of them may actually add small plastics into drinking water during the filtration process. What's worse is these microplastics can cause inflammation, increase the...

phys.org

Graphite oxidation experiments reveal new type of oscillating chemical reaction

A reaction that puzzled scientists for 50 years has now been explained by researchers at Umeå University. Rapid structural snapshots captured how graphite transforms into graphite oxide during electrochemical oxidation, revealing intermediate structures that appear and disappear over time. The...

phys.org

Schottky junction catalysts boost hydrogen production with non-precious metals in water electrolysis

Electricity-driven water electrolysis has garnered notable attention as an environmentally friendly method for hydrogen production, with high-purity hydrogen being crucial for addressing the energy crisis. Nonetheless, water electrolysis hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution...

phys.org

Machine learning powers discovery of new cryoprotectants for cold storage

Scientists from the University of Warwick and the University of Manchester have developed a cutting-edge computational framework that enhances the safe freezing of medicines and vaccines.

phys.org

adhesives

Mussel-inspired adhesive comes unglued on command

Modern integrated microelectronic devices are often poorly repairable and difficult to recycle. Debondable adhesives play a key role in the transition to a circular economy with sustainable resources, less waste, and intelligent repair/recycling strategies. In the journal Angewandte Chemie, a...

phys.org

Freshwater oysters could be key to developing stronger, 'greener' adhesives

If you think oysters are just delicious seafood, think again. Freshwater oysters produce an adhesive that may hold the secret to developing more environmentally friendly glues with applications from dental care to construction and shipping. An international research team recently used the...

phys.org

Independent origins of frog glue and its role in predator evasion

Skin-secreted adhesives, or glues, are highly effective defense adaptations that have evolved recurrently in a small number of amphibians. From an ecological standpoint, this rapidly solidifying material—essentially, a sticky slime—encumbers the predator long enough for its would-be prey to escape.

phys.org

tech

Quantum tech breakthrough could enable precision sensing at room temperature

A breakthrough in quantum technology research could help realize a new generation of precise quantum sensors that can operate at room temperature.

phys.org

Assessing brain disorders: New eye sensors use special material that generates electricity when it bends

A University of Houston engineering team has developed wearable sensors to examine eye movement to assess brain disorders or damage to the brain. Many brain diseases and problems show up as eye symptoms, often before other symptoms appear.

medicalxpress.com

Nuclear theorists turn to supercomputers to map out matter's building blocks in 3D

Deep inside what we perceive as solid matter, the landscape is anything but stationary. The interior of the building blocks of the atom's nucleus—particles called hadrons that a high school student would recognize as protons and neutrons—are made up of a seething mixture of interacting quarks...

phys.org

Beyond displays: Liquid crystals in motion mimic biological systems

Liquid crystals are all around us, from cell phone screens and video game consoles to car dashboards and medical devices. Run an electric current through liquid crystal displays (LCDs) and they generate colors, thanks to the unique properties of these fluids: rearrange their shape, and they...

phys.org

Researchers simplify design of optical atomic clocks without compromising performance

Researchers have demonstrated a new optical atomic clock that uses a single laser and doesn't require cryogenic temperatures. By greatly reducing the size and complexity of atomic clocks without sacrificing accuracy and stability, this advance could lead to high-performance atomic clocks that...

phys.org

Antiferromagnetic spintronics advance opens door to next-gen electronics

University of Nebraska–Lincoln researchers have achieved a breakthrough in antiferromagnetic spintronics, a development that could expand the nanotechnology's capabilities, which have been limited by their need for excessive power.

phys.org

Semi-metals offer new possibilities for electronic devices

Dr. Yuxuan Cosmi Lin, assistant professor in the Department of Materials Science and Engineering at Texas A&M University, and a team of researchers are studying the potential applications and unique physical properties of semi-metals in electronic devices.

techxplore.com

Template synthesis creates multilayered perovskites with unique ferroelectric behavior

A group of Nagoya University researchers in Japan has synthesized 4- and 5-layered versions of the important electrical material perovskite. Analyzing the mechanism of ferroelectricity in the material, they found it has a unique function: the material switches its ferroelectric mechanisms...

phys.org

Energy-saving computing with magnetic whirls

Researchers at Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz (JGU) have managed to enhance the framework of Brownian reservoir computing by recording and transferring hand gestures to the system that then used skyrmions to detect these individual gestures.

phys.org

Physicists achieve high selectivity in nanostructures using selenium doping

Physicists from the National University of Singapore (NUS) have achieved controlled conformational arrangements in nanostructures using a flexible precursor and selenium doping, enhancing material properties and structural homogeneity. Their method advances on-surface synthesis for the design...

phys.org

Tunable nonlinear Hall effect observed at room temperature in tellurium

A research team has discovered significant nonlinear Hall and wireless rectification effects at room temperature in elemental semiconductor tellurium (Te). Their research is published in Nature Communications.

phys.org

Analysis of heterostructures for spintronics shows how two desired quantum-physical effects reinforce each other

Spintronics uses the spins of electrons to perform logic operations or store information. Ideally, spintronic devices could operate faster and more energy-efficiently than conventional semiconductor devices. However, it is still difficult to create and manipulate spin textures in materials.

phys.org

New device simplifies manipulation of 2D materials for twistronics

A discovery six years ago took the condensed-matter physics world by storm: Ultra-thin carbon stacked in two slightly askew layers became a superconductor, and changing the twist angle between layers could toggle their electrical properties. The landmark 2018 paper describing "magic-angle...

techxplore.com

Research team uses terahertz pulses of light to shed light on superconducting disorder

A team of researchers from the Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter (MPSD) in Hamburg, Germany, and Brookhaven National Laboratory in the United States has demonstrated a new way to study disorder in superconductors using terahertz pulses of light.

phys.org

Physics

Physicists reveal evolution of shell structure using machine learning

A research team has used a machine learning approach to investigate the evolution of shell structure for nuclei far from the stability valley. The study, published in Physics Letters B and conducted by researchers from the Institute of Modern Physics (IMP) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences...

phys.org

Theoretical physicists develop method to model a central theory of quantum gravity in the laboratory

Gravity is no longer a mystery to physicists—at least when it comes to large distances. Thanks to science, we can calculate the orbits of planets, predict tides, and send rockets into space with precision. However, the theoretical description of gravity reaches its limits at the level of the...

phys.org

Empowering engineering students through storytelling

Stories of self-doubt are common among engineering students. That was a key finding of a study conducted recently at Boise State University by a team of researchers.

phys.org

 

[TomcatViP]

The material, a sibling of the space-blanket polymer Kevlar, has been developed by chemical giant DuPont and tested by NASA at its White Sands Test Facility (WTSF) in New Mexico. The tests showed that the new Kevlar "EXO" material provides better protection against space debris impacts while being significantly lighter than conventional Kevlar.

"We were able to reduce the weight by as much as 40% and still have it pass the tests for orbital debris needs," Jill Clements, DuPont's global business development manager, told Space.com.

New type of Kevlar heading to ISS in October for space debris protection tests

"We were able to reduce the weight by as much as 40% and still have it pass the tests for orbital debris needs."

www.space.com

 

[publiusr]

We will need new glue and cutting tools to handle the above—biomimicry to the rescue

Morphology study paves the way for spider fang-inspired cutting tools

When we think of spiders, the first thing that comes to mind is their ability to weave intricate and robust webs. But their ability to cut their own silk—the toughest natural material—and strong or tough synthetic fibers such as carbon or Kevlar, is much less known.

phys.org

New adhesives

New adhesive using elastomer makes lighter, more carbon-efficient vehicles possible

A major advancement in structural adhesives for the automotive industry has been developed by researchers at Nagoya University. This next-generation adhesive promises to revolutionize material bonding by offering unprecedented impact strength—22 times higher than traditional epoxy-based...

techxplore.com

The Possibility Of Reverting Time On The Ageing Of Materials

Everyone knows that time’s arrow only goes in one direction, regardless of the system or material involved. In the case of material time, i.e. the ageing of materials such as amorphous materi…

hackaday.com

 

[Michel Van]

Graphene Transistor Breakthrough ?

View: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tVEOIQmUy10

 

[Rhinocrates]

Martian sand can be used to build in space, Dublin scientists find

Researchers made bricks that could form the basis for future extra terrestrial settlements.

www.bbc.com

Researchers at Trinity College Dublin discovered a way of binding regolith - surface rocks, sand and dust - together using low temperatures and minimal energy.

"Low temperatures and minimal energy" looks very interesting.

 

[publiusr]

Tougher plastic

Scientists develop novel method for strengthening PVC products

Researchers have developed a way to make one type of plastic material more durable and less likely to shed dangerous microplastics. Their study has identified a secure way to attach chemical additives to polyvinyl chloride (PVC). The work is published in the journal Chem.

phys.org

Researchers use carbon nanotube derivatives to strengthen recyclable plastics

Reducing the environmental impact caused by plastics can be addressed through different strategies, such as the manufacture of more durable plastics or recycling. In general, there are two main types of plastics. The first is thermoplastics, which can be melted and molded to form other objects...

phys.org

Rethinking crystals

Chemist challenges traditional views on crystal growth

Remember that old high school chemistry experiment where salt crystals precipitate out of a saltwater solution—or maybe the one where rock candy crystals form from sugar water? It turns out that your understanding of how crystals formed in those solutions might be wrong.

phys.org

Discovering quasiparticles ejected from color centers in diamond crystals

A research group led by University of Tsukuba has observed the cooperative behavior of polaron quasiparticles formed by the collective interaction of electrons and lattice vibrations around color centers in diamond crystals.

phys.org

Researchers harness liquid crystal structures to design simple, yet versatile bifocal lenses

Researchers have developed a new type of bifocal lens that offers a simple way to achieve two foci (or spots) with intensities that can be adjusted by applying external voltage. The lenses, which use two layers of liquid crystal structures, could be useful for various applications such as...

phys.org

A secret recipe for colorful and versatile animal crystals

What do fish, chameleons, crabs and Walter White, the chemistry teacher from "Breaking Bad," all have in common? The answer is that they all know how to make crystals. But, unlike the incorrigible White, who manufactured mind-altering methamphetamine crystals for criminal ends, the others make...

phys.org

Small tractor beam

Engineers create a chip-based tractor beam for biological particles

MIT researchers have developed a miniature, chip-based "tractor beam," like the one that captures the Millennium Falcon in the film "Star Wars," that could someday help biologists and clinicians study DNA, classify cells, and investigate the mechanisms of disease.

phys.org

Beyond 'one pore at a time': New method of generating multiple, tunable nanopores

Nanoporous membranes with atomic-scale holes smaller than one-billionth of a meter have powerful potential for decontaminating polluted water, pulling valuable metal ions from the water, or for osmotic power generators.

phys.org

optics and sensors

Physicists use quantum correlations of photon pairs to hide images from standard cameras

What if you could hide an image in plain sight—so well that even the most advanced cameras couldn't detect it? Imagine encoding visual information using the properties of quantum optics, rendering it invisible to normal imaging technology.

phys.org

Researchers observe hidden deformations in complex light fields

Everyday experience tells us that light reflected from a perfectly flat mirror will give us the correct image without any deformation. Interestingly, this is not the case when the light field itself is structured in a complex way. Tiny deformations appear.

phys.org

Scientists uncover light absorbing properties of achiral materials

Researchers at the University of Ottawa have made a discovery that changes what we know about light and materials. They found that engineered achiral (symmetric) materials, called achiral plasmonic metasurfaces, can absorb light differently depending on the handedness of the wavefront of light...

phys.org

Nonlinear optical metasurface achieves electrically tunable third-harmonic generation

A recent study has unveiled a transformative nonlinear optical metasurface technology. This new technology, characterized by structures smaller than the wavelength of light, paves the way for significant advancements in next-generation communication technologies, including quantum light sources...

phys.org

Research team succeeds in ultra-fast switching of tiny light sources

Extremely thin materials consisting of just a few atomic layers promise applications for electronics and quantum technologies. An international team led by TU Dresden has now made remarkable progress with an experiment conducted at Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR): The experts were...

phys.org

Using antimatter to detect nuclear radiation: Byproducts of fission reactors provide insight into nuclear reactor use

Nuclear fission reactors act as a key power source for many parts of the world and worldwide power capacity is expected to nearly double by 2050. One issue, however, is the difficulty of discerning whether a nuclear reactor is being used to also create material for nuclear weapons.

phys.org

Simultaneous detection of uranium isotopes and fluorine advances nuclear nonproliferation monitoring

Combining two techniques, analytical chemists at the Department of Energy's Oak Ridge National Laboratory have become the first to detect fluorine and different isotopes of uranium in a single particle at the same time. Because fluorine is essential for converting uranium into a form suitable...

phys.org

A modular neutrino detector years in the making

Researchers at the U.S. Department of Energy's SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory have joined collaborators from around the world to build a prototype neutrino detector that has now captured its first neutrino interactions at Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (Fermilab).

phys.org

Exploiting quantum squeezing to enhance precision of measurements in systems with multiple factors

Quantum squeezing is a concept in quantum physics where the uncertainty in one aspect of a system is reduced while the uncertainty in another related aspect is increased.

phys.org

A versatile approach to realize quantum-enhanced metrology with large Fock states

The collecting of highly precise measurements can enable research developments and technological advancements in numerous fields. In physics, high-precision measurements can unveil new phenomena and experimentally validate theories.

phys.org

Researchers integrate fast optical coherence tomography system into neurosurgical microscope

Researchers have successfully integrated a megahertz-speed optical coherence tomography (MHz-OCT) system into a commercially available neurosurgical microscope and demonstrated its clinical usefulness. This advancement represents an important step toward developing an OCT instrument that could...

medicalxpress.com

New hand-held scanner generates 3D images in seconds to facilitate early diagnosis

A new hand-held scanner developed by UCL researchers can generate highly detailed 3D photoacoustic images in just seconds, paving the way for their use in a clinical setting for the first time and offering the potential for earlier disease diagnosis.

medicalxpress.com

Laser-induced graphene sensors made affordable with stencil masking

Researchers at the University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa have unveiled a new technique that could make the manufacture of wearable health sensors more accessible and affordable.

phys.org

AI pareidolia: Can machines spot faces in inanimate objects?

In 1994, Florida jewelry designer Diana Duyser discovered what she believed to be the Virgin Mary's image in a grilled cheese sandwich, which she preserved and later auctioned for $28,000. But how much do we really understand about pareidolia, the phenomenon of seeing faces and patterns in...

techxplore.com

New cooling system

New cooling system works on gravity instead of electricity

Its abundance of sunlight and heavy investment in solar cell technology has positioned Saudi Arabia well in its transition to becoming a leading exporter of renewable energy. Indeed, solar energy currently makes up more than 80% of the Kingdom's green energy capacity. However, these cells bring...

techxplore.com

Suit up

NASA pilots use specialty suits to validate data

Welcome to NASA's Plankton, Aerosol, Cloud, ocean Ecosystem Postlaunch Airborne eXperiment (PACE-PAX). We've been talking about this validation campaign and now are finally here. "Here" being one of three main locations where PACE-PAX validation efforts are taking place: NASA's Armstrong...

phys.org

Nitrogen

High-energy-density cubic gauche nitrogen successfully synthesized at atmospheric pressure

A research group led by Prof. Wang Xianlong from the Hefei Institutes of Physical Science of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, has successfully synthesized high-energy-density materials cubic gauche nitrogen (cg-N) at atmospheric pressure by treating potassium azide (KN3) using the...

phys.org

metals

Bubbling up: Uncovering melt pool dynamics in metal manufacturing

Manually shaking or vibrating molten metal using ultrasonic waves helps reduce air bubbles, cracks and grain sizes in a finished metal part. Metal 3D printing researchers hypothesized that vibrations were the key to increasing quality, but until now, the mechanisms were not well understood.

techxplore.com

Sustainable metal-recycling method reduces cost and greenhouse gas emissions

A research team led by Rice University's James Tour has developed a method to recycle valuable metals from electronic waste more efficiently while significantly reducing the environmental impact typically associated with metal recycling.

phys.org

Innovative electrolytes could transform steelmaking and beyond

The lifeblood of any battery is the electrolyte. It is the medium through which positively charged elements (cations) migrate en masse between the positive and negative electrodes. By this means, batteries discharge to provide energy and charge to store energy. Scientists call this an...

techxplore.com

Selective metal films deposition technique enables fabrication of soft electronics with various form factors

A research team has developed a printing-based selective metal film deposition technique that enables the facile and fast fabrication of high-performance soft electronic devices and circuits in various forms.

techxplore.com

New physics?

New physics needed? Experts suggest possibility of updating fundamental physics concepts

An unexpected finding about how our universe formed is again raising the question: do we need new physics? The answer could fundamentally change what physics students are taught in classes around the world.

phys.org

First observation of ultra-rare particle decay could uncover new physics

Scientists at CERN have discovered an ultra-rare particle decay process, opening a new path to find physics beyond our understanding of how the building blocks of matter interact.

phys.org

Tech

New origami-inspired system turns flat-pack tubes into strong building materials

Engineers at RMIT University have designed an innovative tubular structural system that can be packed flat for easier transport and pop up into strong building materials. This breakthrough is made possible by a self-locking system inspired by curved-crease origami—a technique that uses curved...

techxplore.com

High-pressure reactions can turn nonporous rocks into sponges

In deep Earth, rocks take up and release water all the time, and the effects can be wide reaching. Dehydration can cause rocks to crack and trigger earthquakes, and over geologic timescales, this water cycling can influence plate tectonics and move continents.

phys.org

Water-free manufacturing approach could help advance 2D electronics integration

The future of technology has an age-old problem: rust. When iron-containing metal reacts with oxygen and moisture, the resulting corrosion greatly impedes the longevity and use of parts in the automotive industry.

phys.org

Engineers develop a bendable, programmable, non-silicon microprocessor that requires only 6 mW of power

A team of microchip engineers at Pragmatic Semiconductor, working with a pair of colleagues from Harvard University and another from Qamcom, has developed a bendable, programmable, non-silicon 32-bit RISC-V microprocessor. Their research is published in the journal Nature.

techxplore.com

Researchers develop stretchable, biodegradable, self-healing conductor for medical sensing devices

A team of engineers, materials scientists and medical device specialists affiliated with several institutions in Korea and the U.S. has developed a new material for use as a medical sensing patch.

medicalxpress.com

Researchers design platypus-inspired bionic multi-receptor skin

While engineers have developed increasingly advanced bio-inspired systems over the past decades, the sensing capabilities of these systems are typically far less advanced than those observed in humans and other animals.

techxplore.com

Spinning artificial spider silk into next-generation medical materials

It's almost time to dust off the Halloween decorations and adorn the house with all manner of spooky things, including the classic polyester spider webs. Scientists reporting in ACS Nano have made their own version of fake spider silk, but this one consists of proteins and heals wounds instead...

phys.org

Researchers reveal the reality of lossless energy transport in topological insulators

Topological insulators raise the exciting hope of realizing lossless energy transport, which is true at ultralow temperatures. However, topological insulators fail to maintain this lossless 'magic' at room temperature.

phys.org

Controlling light while measuring trapped ion qubits

Quantum information is fragile and often difficult to protect during experiments. Protecting qubits from accidental measurements is essential for controlled quantum operations, especially during state-destroying measurements or resets on adjacent qubits in protocols like quantum error correction.

phys.org

From quantum to wireless: Enhancing chip-scale communication with terahertz tech

As computing technology advances, we have shifted from using large, single-chip processors to systems made up of smaller, specialized chips called "chiplets." These chiplets work together to boost processing power and efficiency.

techxplore.com

Thermal effects in spintronics systematically assessed for first time

Spintronics—devices that use microscopic magnetism in conjunction with electric current—could lead to computing technology as fast as conventional electronics but much more energy efficient. As such devices are developed and studied, an important unresolved question is how device operation is...

phys.org

Alternating currents for alternative computing with magnets

A new study conducted at the University of Vienna, the Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems in Stuttgart, and the Helmholtz Centers in Berlin and Dresden takes an important step in the challenge to miniaturize computing devices and to make them more energy-efficient.

phys.org

Unique straining affects phase transformations in silicon, a material vital for electronics

When Valery Levitas left Europe in 1999, he packed up a rotational diamond anvil cell and brought it to the United States. He and the researchers in his group are still using a much-advanced version of that pressing, twisting tool to squeeze and shear materials between two diamonds to see in...

techxplore.com

Discovery of a stable single-electron covalent bond between two carbon atoms validates a century-old theory

Covalent bonds, in which two atoms are bound together by sharing a pair of electrons, form the scaffolding that underpins the majority of organic compounds. In 1931, the Nobel Laureate Linus Pauling suggested that covalent bonds made from just a single, unpaired electron could exist, but these...

phys.org

Artificial intelligence model helps produce clean water

About 2.2 billion people, more than a quarter of the world's population, lack access to safe, managed drinking water, and about half of the world's population experiences severe water scarcity at some point during the year. To overcome these shortages, huge socioeconomic costs are being spent on...

techxplore.com

A detailed microscopic theory: Lifting the veil of topological censorship

Topological protection provides unprecedented robustness of physical phenomena against all kinds of perturbations; but in doing so, it exercises topological censorship by hiding all kinds of interesting and important microscopic information. Recent experiments have collected microscopic...

phys.org

Filtering with mussel power: Nanomembrane allows efficient sieving of ions from liquids

Everyone knows it from their childhood days in the sandpit: sand is filtered using a sieve. Larger stones get stuck, while fine sand can fall through the sieve. The same principle is used when making coffee: water and aromatic substances can pass through unhindered, while the fine-grained coffee...

phys.org

Scientists develop novel digital encoding system using fluorescent pixels

A team of scientists has developed a novel digital encoding and data storage system based on a combination of microcapsules containing different luminescent dyes and phase change materials. This work represents an important step forward in the field and could be key to the development of complex...

techxplore.com

Theoretical physicist uncovers how twisting layers of a material can generate mysterious electron-path-deflecting effect

In 2018, a discovery in materials science sent shock waves throughout the community. A team showed that stacking two layers of graphene—a honeycomb-like layer of carbon extracted from graphite—at a precise "magic angle" turned it into a superconductor, says Ritesh Agarwal of the University of...

phys.org

An edible toothpaste-based transistor

A toothpaste-based transistor is the latest innovation from the research team at the Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT-Italian Institute of Technology) in Milan, which pushes the boundaries of edible electronics. This innovative nano-device is expected to become a key component of future...

phys.org

Squid-inspired fabric allows for temperature-controlled clothing

Too warm with a jacket on but too cold without it? Athletic apparel brands boast temperature-controlling fabrics that adapt to every climate with lightweight but warm products. Yet, consider a fabric that you can adjust to fit your specific temperature needs.

techxplore.com

Ingredients used in chewing gum help tilapia survive cold climates

Two common ingredients in ordinary chewing gum—Arabic gum and lecithin—have been found to help improve the overall health of tilapia, helping these fish survive better even in cold climates. This discovery paves the way for raising tilapia for food outside of the tropical regions where they are...

phys.org

New materials and techniques show promise for microelectronics and quantum technologies

As phones and computers shrink in size, our need for data storage and transfer is growing. Electronic devices have been powered by semiconductors for decades, but as the push to miniaturize continues, there's a limit to how small semiconductors can be made.

phys.org

Harnessing magnetic relaxation: 'Pac-Man effect' enables precise organization of superparamagnetic beads

Particles that are larger than regular molecules or atoms yet remain invisible to the naked eye can form a variety of useful structures, including miniature propellers for microrobots, cellular probes, and steerable microwheels designed for targeted drug delivery.

phys.org

Quantum communication: Using microwaves to efficiently control diamond qubits

In a first for Germany, researchers at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) have shown how tin vacancies in diamonds can be precisely controlled using microwaves. These vacancies have special optical and magnetic properties and can be used as qubits, the smallest computational units for...

phys.org

Scientists achieve unprecedented control of active matter

An international research team led by Brandeis University has achieved a major breakthrough in the field of active matter physics, as detailed in a study published this week in Physical Review X. This pioneering research offers the first experimental validation of a key theoretical prediction...

phys.org

Researchers refute the validity of 'assembly theory of everything' hypothesis

Three new papers refute claims for the assembly theory of molecular complexity being claimed as a new "theory of everything."

phys.org

Researchers create orientation-independent magnetic field-sensing nanotube spin qubits

Purdue University researchers have developed patent-pending one-dimensional boron nitride nanotubes (BNNTs) containing spin qubits, or spin defects. The BNNTs are more sensitive in detecting off-axis magnetic fields at high resolution than traditional diamond tips used in scanning probe...

phys.org

Researchers illuminate inner workings of new-age soft semiconductors

One of the more promising classes of materials for next-generation batteries and electronic devices are the organic mixed ionic-electronic conductors, OMIECs for short. These soft, flexible polymer semiconductors have promising electrochemical qualities, but little is known about their molecular...

techxplore.com

First-ever teleportation of logical qubit using fault-tolerant methods

A team of engineers and physicists at quantum computing company Quantinuum has conducted the first-ever teleportation of a logical qubit using fault-tolerant methods. In their paper published in the journal Science, the group describes the setup and teleportation methods they used and the...

phys.org

Proof-of-concept design shrinks quantum rotation sensor to micron scale

Atom interferometers are quantum sensors that use the wave-like nature of atoms to measure gravity, acceleration and rotation with exceptional precision.

phys.org

Study shows spider silk bioproduction presents opportunities and challenges

Today, entrepreneurship is everywhere, including science. Engineers and scientists often apply their research to a product or service and use it to launch a startup. The world of bioproduction—using living cells and organisms to manufacture products—is fertile ground for entrepreneurship.

phys.org

Enhancing semiconductor functionality with TeSeO materials for future electronics

In most inorganic semiconductors, electrons serve as the primary charge carriers, which limits the development of complementary devices and circuits. A recent study by City University of Hong Kong (CityUHK) researchers has made significant strides in enhancing the mobility of positively charged...

techxplore.com

Orbital angular momentum monopoles discovery propels orbitronics forward in energy-efficient tech

Orbital angular momentum monopoles have been the subject of great theoretical interest as they offer major practical advantages for the emerging field of orbitronics, a potential energy-efficient alternative to traditional electronics. Now, through a combination of robust theory and experiments...

phys.org

Team studies the emergence of fluctuating hydrodynamics in chaotic quantum systems

Researchers at Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Munich Center for Quantum Science and Technology (MCQST) and the University of Massachusetts recently carried out a study investigating the equilibrium fluctuations in large quantum systems. Their paper...

phys.org

DNA technology enables molecular monitoring for marine change and threats

New DNA technology promises to improve efforts to monitor marine life in the Southern Ocean, and detect the presence of non-native marine species close to Antarctica.

phys.org

Research reveals best conditions for storing graphene oxide

A research team from Skoltech and other scientific organizations conducted a study to determine which conditions are the most suitable for storing graphene oxide—a promising material that can be used for manufacturing composite materials, gas sensors, and in many other fields.

phys.org

Augmented/virtual reality can help extend critical infrastructure lifespan

University of Waterloo engineers are turning to augmented/virtual reality (AR/VR) to better understand—and maintain—the physical reality of Canada's critical infrastructure. Their research is published in the journal Automation in Construction.

techxplore.com

New imaging technique paves the way for simplified, low-cost agricultural quality assessment

Hyperspectral imaging is a useful technique for analyzing the chemical composition of food and agricultural products. However, it is a costly and complicated procedure, which limits its practical application.

phys.org

Medicinal tree successfully grown from 1,000-year-old seed found in cave

An international team of botanists, agriculturists and historians has successfully grown a mature tree from an ancient seed found in a cave in Israel. In their paper, published in the journal Communications Biology, the group describes where the seed was found, the work that was done to discover...

phys.org

Bioengineers create new substrate to study wood-decomposing enzyme

Researchers want to transform the natural and abundant resource wood into useful materials, and central to that is a molecular machine found in fungi that decomposes the complex raw material into its basic components.

phys.org

New continuous reaction process can help turn plant waste into sustainable aviation fuel

Washington State University scientists successfully tested a new way to produce sustainable jet fuel from lignin-based agricultural waste. Published in the journal Fuel Processing Technology, the team's research demonstrated a continuous process that directly converts lignin polymers, one of the...

techxplore.com

Transforming seaweeds into raw materials for aviation fuel and pharmaceuticals

A new technology has been developed to convert common seaweeds such as Kkosiraegi, which are often used in cooking, into high-quality sources for both bio-aviation fuels and energy storage devices. The results were published in the Chemical Engineering Journal.

phys.org

New nanoparticle prevents mineral buildup in equipment handling water-oil mixtures

In the process of oil extraction, hard mineral buildup inside the pipes and equipment can cause serious operational damage, safety issues such as pipe explosion and significant economic losses. The current methods for descaling mineral buildup, however, can adversely impact the environment.

phys.org

I dream the kudzu electric

Researchers create artificial plants that purify indoor air, generate electricity

On average, Americans spend about 90% of their time indoors, and the air we breathe at work, school or home affects our overall health and well-being.

techxplore.com

landmines

Each year, landmines kill residents of war-torn countries. This innovative tool could save lives

As he grew up in Bogotá, Colombia, Mateo Dulce Rubio would hear a familiar news story every few days—someone had stepped on another landmine. The explosion had killed or injured them. Though the capital city was far from the country's war-torn areas, these accidents stayed in the back of his mind.

techxplore.com

 

[publiusr]

Tough stuff

New composite material uses ultra-thin rubber-like layers to combine stiffness with high damping capacity

A compressor hums, an air conditioning system rattles, a railway carriage chassis clatters, sending reverberations through its passengers. Vibrations are not only annoying but can also be harmful. Over the long term, they can destroy materials and machines and shorten their service lives. What's...

techxplore.com

New polymer design breaks the tradeoff between toughness and recyclability

Plastics underpin much of modern life—areas like medicine, technology, and food safety would be unrecognizable without plastics and their useful properties. However, the toughness of plastics, which is often desirable, also makes them a dangerous pollutant and difficult to recycle. The solution...

phys.org

Researchers discover atomic-level mechanism in polycrystalline materials

Researchers at the University of California, Irvine and other international institutions have for the first time achieved atomic-scale observations of grain rotation in polycrystalline materials. Widely used in electronic devices, aerospace technologies, automotive applications and solar energy...

phys.org

Experimental archaeology sheds light on skill and technique in Bronze Age spear combat

How can we tell whether and how a prehistoric weapon was used? How can we better understand the dexterity and combat skills involved in Bronze Age spear fighting?

phys.org

Move over, bolts: Meet the future of stronger structural connections with interlocking metasurfaces

In a collaborative effort between Texas A&M University and Sandia National Laboratories, researchers have significantly improved a new joining technology, interlocking metasurfaces (ILMs), designed to increase the strength and stability of a structure in comparison to traditional techniques like...

techxplore.com

Developing plasma-coated paper as a plastic alternative for the packaging industry

Plastic waste, harmful to the environment, has been increasing continually in Germany in recent years. Packaging generates particularly high volumes of waste. Plant-based coatings for paper packaging could provide a sustainable alternative in the future.

phys.org

New polymer technology targets engineering failure to enhance sustainability

Sustainability is a complex problem with many different players and influenced by policies, society, and technical perspectives. Scientists within ASU's School of Molecular Sciences (SMS) and the Biodesign Institute's Center for Sustainable Macromolecular Materials and Manufacturing (SM3) are...

phys.org

Modeling system could enable future generations of self-sensing materials

Research that eliminates the guesswork in developing advanced 3D printed materials could help accelerate the development of new forms of "self-sensing" airplanes, robots, bridges and more.

phys.org

Exploring non-wood cellulose fibers for sustainable textiles

In a world increasingly aware of environmental footprints, the textile industry stands at a crossroads, tasked with the challenge of sustainability. A recent study by a team of researchers at North Carolina State University offers a promising direction with their work on non-wood cellulose-based...

phys.org

Super-strong bacterial cellulose macrofibers made simple with tension-assisted twisting technique

In a recent breakthrough, researchers have utilized a one-step tension-assisted twisting (TAT) method to fabricate bacterial cellulose (BC) macrofibers with exceptional strength and moisture responsiveness, paving the way for eco-friendly advanced materials. The research is published in the...

phys.org

Seawater as a retting agent: A sustainable method for extracting banana fibers

In a recent study, researchers explored the use of seawater as a retting agent for banana pseudo-stems, achieving an efficient extraction of natural fibers while conserving freshwater resources. The paper is published in the Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts.

phys.org

Sunscreen from lignin: A green strategy to transform lignin into a valuable derivative

In an advancement for sustainable skincare, researchers at Guizhou University have reported a novel method to molecularly engineer lignin into a high-performance sunscreen ingredient. Lignin, a byproduct of paper-making and biorefining industries, has been traditionally underutilized, often...

phys.org

Uncrackable: Scorpions and sponges inspire sustainable design

Humans are by no means alone in the search for more sustainable materials. Nature, too, has been "working" on the problem of sustainability, and it's been at it for a great deal longer. Researchers at the Weizmann Institute of Science show how design tricks employed by ancient creatures such as...

phys.org

Web-slinging

Inspired by Spider-Man, researchers recreate web-slinging technology

Every kid who has read a comic book or watched a Spider-Man movie has tried to imagine what it would be like to shoot a web from their wrist, fly over streets, and pin down villains. Researchers at Tufts University took those imaginary scenes seriously and created the first web-slinging...

phys.org

Waterproofing

Low-temperature synthesis technique uses upcycled textile waste to create green, safe waterproof coating

A new technique could create waterproof coatings for clothes from discarded textiles—far safer for humans and the environment than current coatings, which are typically made with harsh chemicals and carcinogens.

phys.org

The new fashion: Clothes that help combat rising temperatures

A team of international researchers has developed a natural fabric that urban residents could wear to counter rising temperatures in cities worldwide, caused by buildings, asphalt, and concrete.

techxplore.com

Turbulence studied

Researchers achieve world-record resolution in turbulence simulations

From the water that comes out of the faucet to the chemical reactions in jet engines that propel planes, turbulence affects our everyday lives. Researchers at Georgia Tech are studying the complex physics of turbulence in simplified settings that could help us better understand nature and...

techxplore.com

Antennas

AI and physics unite for meta-antennas design

Ka-band metasurface antennas, with their low-cost, low-profile design and superior beam-steering capabilities, show significant potential in the field of satellite communications. However, the constraints of limited satellite resources and significant atmospheric losses at Ka-band frequencies...

techxplore.com

Infrared camera

New infrared camera aims to enhance safety in autonomous driving

Fall is here, bringing rain, fog, and early darkness. For road users, this means heightened caution, as visibility conditions increasingly deteriorate. Thermal imaging cameras that can reliably detect people even in poor or limited visibility conditions can ensure greater safety here. This is...

techxplore.com

Sensors

https://techxplore.com/news/2024-10-liquid-acoustic-sensor-mimics-whale.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-10-ultra-small-spectrometer-yields-power.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-10-ai-4d-stem-imaging-delicate.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-10-quantum-lidar-high-sensitivity.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-10-silicon-metasurfaces-broad-spectrum-infrared.html

https://techxplore.com/news/2024-10-hyperspectral-image-sensors-characterize-polymers.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-10-optical-technique-orbital-angular-momentum.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-10-spectroscopy-method-reveals-quantum-secrets.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-10-source-enables-temporal-resolution-uv.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-10-microchip-harnesses-surface-advanced-technologies.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-10-ray-spectroscopy-ultrafast-delocalization-aqueous.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-10-femtosecond-fieldoscopy-accesses-molecule-fingerprints.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-10-artificial-nose-fruit-meat.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-10-fast-super-microscopy-enables-illumination.html

Tech

'Invisibility' and quantum computing tipped for physics Nobel

An "invisibility cloak", an atomic force microscope or quantum computing are some of the scientific achievements that could win a Nobel prize in physics Tuesday.

phys.org

New apps aid blind people in navigating indoor spaces

Two new apps are set to assist blind individuals in navigating indoor spaces by providing spoken directions through a smartphone. This offers a safe solution for wayfinding in areas where GPS is ineffective.

techxplore.com

Hydrogen bonding discovery could transform the use of glowing properties in organic materials

New research from the University of St Andrews has uncovered how hydrogen bonds can enhance the phosphorescence efficiency and versatility of organic luminescent materials, potentially transforming fields such as imaging, anti-counterfeiting, and electronics.

phys.org

Chemists use light to replace an oxygen atom with a nitrogen atom in a molecule

A team of chemists at the Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology has succeeded in pulling an oxygen atom from a molecule and replacing it with a nitrogen atom. In their study, published in the journal Science, the group used photocatalysis to edit a furan in their lab.

phys.org

Reducing energy loss in metal nanostructures by altering geometrical dimensions

Researchers at City University of Hong Kong (CityUHK) have made a discovery that significantly reduces energy loss in metal nanostructures. By altering the geometrical dimensions of these structures, researchers have unlocked their full potential, paving the way for the development of more...

phys.org

A new plasma-based technological design boosts graphene production by more than 22%

Harder than a diamond, stronger than steel, as flexible as rubber and lighter than aluminum. These are just some of the properties attributed to graphene. Although this material has sparked great interest in the scientific community in recent years, there is still no cheap and sustainable enough...

phys.org

Innovative approach to catalytic alkane activation offers new chemical pathways

Researchers at Hokkaido University in Japan have made a significant breakthrough in organic chemistry by developing a novel method to activate alkanes, which are compounds that play a crucial role in the chemical industry. The new technique, published in Science, makes it easier to convert these...

phys.org

Advances in processable natural biopolymers: Cellulose, chitosan, eggshell membrane and silk fibroin

A study in Science Bulletin explores the recent advancements in the development of processable natural biopolymers and their myriad applications.

phys.org

Efficient way to hydrogenate nitrogen-containing aromatic compounds developed

Successful reduction of the chemical manufacturing industry's environmental impact relies on finding a greener way to make the chemical building blocks for common and massively consumed compounds.

phys.org

New photonics approach enhances quantum computation efficiency

A recent study, published in Nature Photonics, by Prof. Yaron Bromberg and Dr. Ohad Lib from the Racah Institute of Physics at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem has made significant strides in advancing quantum computing through their research on photonic-measurement-based quantum computation.

phys.org

Physicists reveal nonlinear transport induced by quantum geometry in planar altermagnets

In recent years, many physicists and materials scientists have been studying a newly uncovered class of magnetic materials known as altermagnets. These materials exhibit a unique type of magnetism that differs from both conventional ferromagnetism and antiferromagnetism, marked by electrons...

phys.org

Novel visible light communication encryption technology uses chiral nanoparticles

A research team has developed a novel visible light communication encryption technology with high security using chiral nanoparticles.

phys.org

First ever visualization shows photoexcited charges traveling across the interface of two semiconductor materials

UC Santa Barbara researchers have achieved the first-ever "movie" of electric charges traveling across the interface of two different semiconductor materials. Using scanning ultrafast electron (SUEM) techniques developed in the Bolin Liao lab, the research team has directly visualized the...

phys.org

New insights into bubble interference could enhance electrode design

Industrial electrochemical processes that use electrodes to produce fuels and chemical products are hampered by the formation of bubbles that block parts of the electrode surface, reducing the area available for the active reaction. Such blockage reduces the performance of the electrodes by...

phys.org

Unlocking heat management with quantum thermal transistors

Scientists are finding ways to use quantum effects to create groundbreaking thermal devices that can help cool electronic systems. The quantum thermal transistor is one of the most exciting innovations in this field. While the current works surrounding this device are still theoretical, recent...

phys.org

Scientists use light to visualize magnetic domains in quantum materials

When something draws us in like a magnet, we take a closer look. When magnets draw in physicists, they take a quantum look. Scientists from Osaka Metropolitan University and the University of Tokyo have successfully used light to visualize tiny magnetic regions, known as magnetic domains, in a...

phys.org

Expansion technique to image nanoscale structures inside cells makes high-resolution imaging more accessible

A classical way to image nanoscale structures in cells is with high-powered, expensive super-resolution microscopes. As an alternative, MIT researchers have developed a way to expand tissue before imaging it—a technique that allows them to achieve nanoscale resolution with a conventional light...

phys.org

Magnetoelectric nanodiscs offer remote brain stimulation without implants or genetic modification

Novel magnetic nanodiscs could provide a much less invasive way of stimulating parts of the brain, paving the way for stimulation therapies without implants or genetic modification, MIT researchers report.

phys.org

A look into 'mirror molecules' may lead to new medicines

A University of Texas at Dallas chemist and his colleagues have developed a new chemical reaction that will allow researchers to synthesize selectively the left-handed or right-handed versions of "mirror molecules" found in nature and assess them for potential use against cancer, infection...

phys.org

Study enhances thermostability of carboxypeptidase A for broader industrial applications

A research team has successfully enhanced the thermostability of carboxypeptidase A (CPA), a crucial enzyme with significant potential in the food and pharmaceutical industries, through the innovative use of disulfide bonds. This development promises to expand the enzyme's use in processes that...

phys.org

Peptides and plastics combine for energy-efficient materials

Step aside hard, rigid materials. There is a new soft, sustainable electroactive material in town—and it's poised to open new possibilities for medical devices, wearable technology and human-computer interfaces.

phys.org

Iron catalyst study provides insights into ammonia decomposition

Using ammonia is regarded as a promising method of transporting hydrogen. However, an efficient process is also needed to convert it back into hydrogen and nitrogen.

phys.org

GeoTraductores democratizes science, one translation at a time

English is the dominant language for communicating research and discoveries in scientific journals. The same is true for science communication outlets such as news articles, multimedia, and press releases. However, sharing this information only in English excludes large audiences, which can be...

phys.org

The chemistry behind beer brewing is still shrouded in mystery, but tiny microfluidic chips could change that

As the brewing industry expands and new beer styles, such as hazy pale ales, emerge, brewers are constantly looking for new ways to analyze the composition of their beers to preserve the carefully crafted sensory quality of their products.

phys.org

 

[publiusr]

Just in

The corners where atoms meet may provide a path to new materials for extreme conditions

How can we engineer materials that are stronger and lighter? What about new materials for extreme conditions, such as in jet engines and spacecraft? The answer, says Fadi Abdeljawad, an associate professor of materials science and engineering in Lehigh University's P.C. Rossin College of...

phys.org

New fabrication strategy enhances graphene aerogel sensitivity and durability for human-machine interfaces

In recent years, researchers have synthesized various new materials that could be used to develop more advanced robotic systems, devices and human-machine interfaces. These materials include graphene aerogels, ultralight, porous and graphene-based materials comprised of a single layer of carbon...

phys.org

Leveraging skyscraper architecture: New design enhances porosity and structural stability for metal-organic frameworks

The Burj Khalifa, the tallest building in the world, employs advanced construction techniques designed to withstand wind, seismic activity, and its own massive weight. Among these techniques is the "Meta Column System," which plays a pivotal role by strategically positioning large columns to...

phys.org

Key role of structural defects in amorphous solid deformation uncovered

Researchers at the Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Pune and the CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory (NCL) Pune have shown that the macroscopic deformation of amorphous solids is controlled by structural defects within the material.

phys.org

Hall effect and tech news

https://phys.org/news/2024-10-room-temperature-nonreciprocal-hall-effect.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-10-team-hybrid-resonant-metasurfaces-configurable.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-10-chemists-metal-free-symmetrical-diols.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-10-synthesis-method-catalytic-surface-metal.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-10-scientists-gain-insight-material-defects.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-10-photocatalyst-degradation-efficiency-bpa-visible.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-10-tunable-2d-electron-gas-heterointerface.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-10-technologies-destroy-persistent-chemicals.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-10-efficient-paired-electrolysis-formic-acid.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-10-ion-pairing-approach-lyotropic-chromonic.html

https://techxplore.com/news/2024-10-liquid-metal-microdroplets-enable-soft.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-10-mechanism-cobaltmanganese-catalysts-deciphered.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-10-multi-breakthrough-optical-faster-efficient.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-10-flexible-thermoelectric-fibers-wearables-stable.html

Uncrackable: Scorpions and sponges inspire sustainable design

Humans are by no means alone in the search for more sustainable materials. Nature, too, has been "working" on the problem of sustainability, and it's been at it for a great deal longer. Researchers at the Weizmann Institute of Science show how design tricks employed by ancient creatures such as...

phys.org

https://phys.org/news/2024-10-platform-2d-polaritons-miniaturized-spectrometers.html

New fabrication strategy enhances graphene aerogel sensitivity and durability for human-machine interfaces

In recent years, researchers have synthesized various new materials that could be used to develop more advanced robotic systems, devices and human-machine interfaces. These materials include graphene aerogels, ultralight, porous and graphene-based materials comprised of a single layer of carbon...

phys.org

https://techxplore.com/news/2024-10-cloud-captures-chemistry-code-potential.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-10-photoswitching-molecules-irradiation-erasing-visible.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-10-viscous-electronics-fluid-electrons-tech.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-10-optical-device-paves-faster-fiber.html

 

[Grey Havoc]

'Electric Plastic' Could Unleash Next-Gen Implants and Wearable Tech - Slashdot

An anonymous reader quotes a report from Science Magazine: Imagine a thin wristband that monitors your steps and heartbeat like an Apple Watch. Or clothing that keeps you cool with built-in air conditioning. Or even a flexible implant that could help your heart better than a bulky pacemaker...

science.slashdot.org

 

[publiusr]

Turbine engine coating

https://techxplore.com/news/2024-10-coating-boost-turbine-efficiency.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-10-hydrophilicity-hydrophobicity-electron-coating-technology.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-10-material-microstructure-properties-arc-wire.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-10-nasa-quiet-space-fan-benefit.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-10-lab-shields-space.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-10-shields-atmospheres.html

Parachute fibers and turbulence

https://techxplore.com/news/2024-10-falling-micro-scale-parachute-fibers.html

https://techxplore.com/news/2024-10-ai-vehicles-adjust-extreme-turbulence.html

The wheel

https://phys.org/news/2024-10-wheel.html

Rattling

https://phys.org/news/2024-10-theory-physics-principle-rattling.html

Concrete

https://techxplore.com/news/2024-10-graphene-3d-concrete-carbon-emissions.html

https://techxplore.com/news/2024-10-scalable-decarbonize-cement-production.html

https://techxplore.com/news/2024-10-machine-alleviate-posed-corroding-concrete.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-10-boundaries-traditional-ceramic-techniques-merging.html

The iron eaters

https://phys.org/news/2024-10-microbes-iron-reveals.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-10-reveal-products-components.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-10-successful-dune-steel-mile-underground.html

wood

https://phys.org/news/2024-10-lignin-molecular-property-discovery-trees.html

polymers

https://phys.org/news/2024-10-spontaneous-synthesis-colloidal-molecules-polymer.html

Carbon nanotubes

https://phys.org/news/2024-10-carbon-nanotubes-precise-chirality.html

Acoustics

https://phys.org/news/2024-10-klein-tunneling-acoustic-filtration.html

Thruster dust divined

https://phys.org/news/2024-10-instrument-millimeter-radar-density-spacecraft.html

Thermal interface material

https://techxplore.com/news/2024-10-thermal-interface-material-cool-energy.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-10-gold-electronics-overheating-problem.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-10-amorphous-nanosheets-hard-metal-oxides.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-10-diy-tech-combat-wildfires.html

water capture

https://techxplore.com/news/2024-10-high-yield-atmospheric-capture-device.html

https://techxplore.com/news/2024-10-simpler-efficient-device-harvesting-air.html

Touchpad

https://techxplore.com/news/2024-10-world-electric-touchpad-sensor-technology.html

Hydrogen production and fuels

https://techxplore.com/news/2024-10-powered-hydrogen-production-zinc-air.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-10-electrochemical-method-fast-sustainable-hydrogen.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-10-triazole-molecular-catalyst-enables-efficient.html

fission finds

https://phys.org/news/2024-10-tracking-nuclear-fission-elusive-scission.html

adhesives

https://techxplore.com/news/2024-10-hybrid-patch-70x-stronger-adhesion.html

New elements to be found

https://phys.org/news/2024-10-successful-paves-discovery-element.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-10-superconductivity-insights-quantum-material-mnbi8322te8324.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-10-specially-transistors-defects-nanomaterial.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-10-high-resolution-nanoscale-imaging-method.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-10-lithium-extreme-environments.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-10-materials-future-wastewater.html

https://techxplore.com/news/2024-10-sludge-scraps-smog-higher-products.html

 

[publiusr]

New ear plugs

https://techxplore.com/news/2024-10-earplug-quality.html

For aerospace

Enhanced 3D-printed alloy shows high potential for space applications

A research team has successfully developed a new high-performance metal 3D-printed alloy tailored for space environments. The newly developed alloy demonstrated exceptional mechanical performance at extreme cryogenic temperatures as low as -196°C, proving its high potential for space exploration...

techxplore.com

https://techxplore.com/news/2024-10-bird-wings-approach-flight-safety.html

Optical amplifier and record-sensitive receiver pave the way for faster space communication

In space exploration, long-distance optical links can now be used to transmit images, films and data from space probes to Earth using light. But in order for the signals to reach all the way and not be disturbed along the way, hypersensitive receivers and noise-free amplifiers are required.

phys.org

https://techxplore.com/news/2024-10-optimized-surface-frost-formation-flat.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-10-team-iron-atoms-grain-boundary.html

Research projects protect national security assets from space weather

Space weather is a double-edged sword: It's capable of delivering majestic phenomena like the auroras near Earth's poles, but it can also have more alarming consequences with significant national security implications.

phys.org

Researchers probe mechanical properties of silicon carbide

New research from the Ateneo de Manila University could pave the way for more durable versions of silicon carbide (SiC), a semiconductive ceramic material found mostly in space that has applications in everything from computer chips to spaceships.

phys.org

https://phys.org/news/2024-10-molecular-symmetry-crystallization-pathways-highly.html

These precise thermal property values for ultra-high-temperature heat-resistant materials, used in space launch vehicles, aircraft engines, and nuclear fusion reactors, are expected to enhance the safety and efficiency of their designs.

Fuel cells

https://techxplore.com/news/2024-10-space-layers-fuel-cells.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-10-scientists-explore-role-extracellular-polymeric.html

Hauling anti-matter

https://phys.org/news/2024-10-big-portable-antimatter.html

Muon beam

https://phys.org/news/2024-10-team-positive-muons-kev.html

For heating plasma in fusion devices, researchers unravel how electrons respond to neutral beam injection

Heating a plasma for fusion research requires megawatts of power. One approach that research tokamaks use to achieve the necessary power input is neutral beam injection (NBI). With NBI, fast neutral particles are generated in a device called a beam source and then injected into the plasma.

phys.org

Carbon fiber recycling and spider silk

https://phys.org/news/2024-10-method-successfully-recycles-carbon-fiber.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-10-phenomenon-carbon-nanotube-fibers.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-10-nanofibrils-successfully-strength-spider-web.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-10-thin-skin-significantly-blunts-injury.html

concrete

https://phys.org/news/2024-10-concrete-modules-oyster-reef-florida.html

Simulating field effects

https://phys.org/news/2024-10-quantum-simulator-uncover-materials-high.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-10-polymer-gain-spintronic-insights.html

Blocking RF

https://techxplore.com/news/2024-10-ultra-thin-absorbs-electromagnetic-reliability.html

Question everything

https://phys.org/news/2024-10-discovery-theories-magnetism-kagome-metals.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-10-chemists-broke-year-rewrite-textbooks.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-11-longstanding-theories-cellular-reprogramming.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-10-law-subcycle-strong-field-ionization.html

Tech news

https://techxplore.com/news/2024-10-static-electricity-air-conditioners.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-11-chiral-molecular-absorb-boost-singlet.html

https://techxplore.com/news/2024-10-ultraprecise-method-aligning-3d-semiconductor.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-10-reboot-human-machine-interactions.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-10-liquid-metal-polymers-potential-electronics.html

Fluid behavior

https://phys.org/news/2024-10-fluids-monotonic-rheology.html

Water harvest

https://techxplore.com/news/2024-10-desalination-device-global-scarcity.html

https://techxplore.com/news/2024-10-student-award-method-desalinate.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-10-humanity-consumes-trillion-cubic-meters.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-10-langurs-salt-endangered-species-defies.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-10-pipes-historic-national-effort.html

MXenes

https://phys.org/news/2024-10-clothesline-grid-mxene-nanomaterials-enable.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-10-team-explores-potential-mxenes-nanotech.html

https://techxplore.com/news/2024-10-silk-thread-stations.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-10-scientists-starch-nanocomposite-pave-green.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-10-successful-diamagnetic-polymer.html

Nuclear clock and more

https://phys.org/news/2024-10-state-thorium-possibility-nuclear-clock.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-10-strong-evidence-doubly-magic-nature.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-10-scientists-evidence-breakdown-statistics-ion.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-10-effort-halide-perovskites-distance.html

Catalysts

https://phys.org/news/2024-10-precise-layering-catalysts-sustainable-chemicals.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-10-inexpensive-nickel-compounds-rare-iridium.html

https://techxplore.com/news/2024-10-electrochemical-reactor-air-capture-energy.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-10-electrode-alkaline-earth-metal-peroxide.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-10-team-effective-high-durability-noble.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-10-chemo-biological-drawbacks-plastic-pyrolysis.html

 

[Rhinocrates]

 

[publiusr]

For fusion reactors

Study identifies promising materials for fusion reactors

Nuclear fusion could be an ideal solution to mankind's energy problem, guaranteeing a virtually limitless source of power without greenhouse gas emissions. But there are still huge technological challenges to overcome before getting there, and some of them have to do with materials.

phys.org

Metal bonding

Supersonic microprojectiles reveal new insights into metal bonding

Using a custom-built machine to launch microprojectiles at supersonic speeds, Cornell researchers have uncovered new details about how high-speed metallic collisions can form strong, durable atomic bonds, offering insights that could enhance 3D printing and other manufacturing techniques.

techxplore.com

Electronics shield

3D-printed solutions shield electronics from electrostatic discharge

Electrostatic discharge (ESD) protection is a significant concern in the chemical and electronics industries. In electronics, ESD often causes integrated circuit failures due to rapid voltage and current discharges from charged objects, such as human fingers or tools.

techxplore.com

Next-generation space materials blast off for tests on ISS

A new generation of space materials left Earth on November 5 as they head to the International Space Station (ISS) to undergo testing in the brutal conditions of low Earth orbit.

phys.org

Hydrophobic coatings

Leaf beetles inspire novel water-resistant surface using concave structures

By mimicking the structure of a leaf beetle, researchers have developed a superhydrophobic surface resistant to water droplet impact and pressure. This technology is anticipated to enhance efficiency and reduce maintenance costs across various industries, including marine, aviation, and energy...

techxplore.com

Paper-based device generates electricity from moisture in the air for wearable electronics

Over the past decade, wearable electronics—especially those with health care applications—have become increasingly popular, but researchers are still figuring out the best way to power them.

techxplore.com

Novel catalyst can suppress charge recombination in photocatalytic water splitting

A team of researchers have discovered a metal-organic framework (MOF) that suppresses charge recombination, which is a major challenge in photocatalytic overall water splitting. Their study was published in Nature Chemistry.

phys.org

Einstein and fluids

Fluids thicken at the speed of light: A new theory extends Einstein's relativity to real fluids

The theory of special relativity is rife with counterintuitive and surprising effects, the most famous of which are length contraction and time dilation. If an object travels at a relative speed, which is a non-negligible fraction of the speed of light, with respect to an observer, the length of...

phys.org

Bioinspired hydrogels harness sunlight: A step closer to artificial photosynthesis

Mimicking how plants convert sunlight into energy has long been a dream for scientists aiming to create renewable energy solutions. Artificial photosynthesis is a process that seeks to replicate nature's method, using sunlight to drive chemical reactions that generate clean energy. However...

phys.org

Quantum vortices confirm superfluidity in supersolid

Supersolids are a new form of quantum matter that has only recently been demonstrated. The state of matter can be produced artificially in ultracold, dipolar quantum gases. A team led by Innsbruck physicist Francesca Ferlaino has now demonstrated a missing hallmark of superfluidity, namely the...

phys.org

Can unknown physics be seen in interactions between Higgs bosons?

Since the launch of the Large Hadron Collider, there has been ongoing research there into Higgs bosons and a search for traces of physics beyond the existing model of elementary particles. Scientists working at the ATLAS detector have combined both goals: with the latest analysis it has been...

phys.org

Scientists calculate predictions for meson measurements

Nuclear physics theorists at the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) Brookhaven National Laboratory have demonstrated that complex calculations run on supercomputers can accurately predict the distribution of electric charges in mesons, particles made of a quark and an antiquark. Scientists are...

phys.org

New chemistry

Chemists showcase power of pathbreaking method to make complex molecules

Chemists have synthesized a highly complex natural molecule through a new strategy of functionalizing normally inert carbon-hydrogen (C-H). The journal Science has published the breakthrough. Led by chemists at Emory University and Caltech, the work is the most dramatic example yet of a sequence...

phys.org

AI-driven mobile robots team up to tackle chemical synthesis

Researchers at the University of Liverpool have developed AI-driven mobile robots that can carry out chemical synthesis research with extraordinary efficiency.

phys.org

Multicomponent hydride designs could advance science of superconducting materials

New materials designed by a University of Illinois Chicago graduate student may help scientists meet one of today's biggest challenges: building superconductors that operate at normal temperatures and pressures.

phys.org

Scientists identify chemical properties of superheavy elements moscovium and nihonium

An international team led by scientists of GSI/FAIR in Darmstadt, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz and the Helmholtz Institute Mainz, succeeded in determining the chemical properties of the artificially produced superheavy elements moscovium and nihonium (elements 115 and 113).

phys.org

AI-powered system detects toxic gases with speed and precision

Researchers at the University of Virginia School of Engineering and Applied Science developed an AI-powered system that mimics the human sense of smell to detect and track toxic gases in real time. Using advanced artificial neural networks combined with a network of sensors, the system quickly...

techxplore.com

Lighting system and optics

Portable light system uses color and texture change to digitize everyday objects

When Nikola Tesla predicted we'd have handheld phones that could display videos, photographs, and more, his musings seemed like a distant dream. Nearly 100 years later, smartphones are like an extra appendage for many of us.

techxplore.com

Scientists discover all-optical nuclear magnetic resonance analog with quantum fluids of light

Researchers from Skoltech, the University of Warsaw, and the University of Iceland have demonstrated that by optical means it is possible to excite and stir an exciton-polariton condensate, which emits a linearly polarized light with a polarization axis following the stirring direction.

phys.org

A single atom can change the directional profile of the light emitted in scanning tunneling microscopes

Researchers from Madrid explain a phenomenon that allows the direction of light emission to be controlled at the atomic scale. The paper provides a detailed explanation of how the profile of the light collected in a scanning tunneling microscope (STM) experiments changes when the tip is placed...

phys.org

Nano-optical sensors enable structural safety monitoring of buildings with color variations

As buildings age, the demand for effective monitoring of their structural integrity has grown significantly. A breakthrough in nano-optical sensor technology now enables precise, real-time measurement of structural deformation and stability.

phys.org

Scientists decipher two-photon vision

Two-photon vision is a novel method with great potential for the future of ophthalmic diagnostics. Although it has many advantages, it requires improvement in key areas. International Centre for Eye Research (ICTER) scientists have taken a step forward by improving this technology and opening up...

phys.org

tiny machines

Researchers develop high-quality nanomechanical resonators with built-in piezoelectricity

Researchers at Chalmers University of Technology in Sweden and at the University of Magdeburg in Germany have developed a novel type of nanomechanical resonator that combines two important features: high mechanical quality and piezoelectricity. This development could open doors to new...

phys.org

Novel flame aerosol system excels at creating nanoparticles

Since prehistoric times, humans have used fire to transform raw materials into valuable goods. Examples include using flames to turn clay into pottery, and silica into glass.

phys.org

Cooling

https://techxplore.com/news/2024-11-transparent-principles-cooling-sun-cool.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-11-additional-chalk-coated-textiles-cooling.html

Material failure

https://techxplore.com/news/2024-11-earthquake-techniques-quick-insight-material.html

Bio-fibers a threat?

https://phys.org/news/2024-11-bio-based-fibers-pose-greater.html

https://techxplore.com/news/2024-11-environmentally-friendly-wood-fiber-boards.html

bio-polymers

https://phys.org/news/2024-11-scientists-key-responsive-biopolymers.html

Radio

https://techxplore.com/news/2024-11-wide-incident-angle-wideband-radio.html

Funny

https://phys.org/news/2024-11-human-topological-insulator-choreographed-quantum.html

 

[publiusr]

For aviation

Digital twin confirms nanotubes can detect cracks in aircraft wing mid-flight

Skoltech researchers have created a digital twin of a polymer composite material with a 2D sensor and successfully used it for structural integrity testing. The new technology can be used to manufacture various large structures, such as aircraft wings, wind turbine blades, and bridge spans...

phys.org

Green flight paths could unlock sustainable aviation, research suggests

"Green flight paths" between key global locations could help to fast-track fully decarbonized aviation, according to research led by an international team based at Heriot-Watt University in the United Kingdom and the American University of Sharjah in the United Arab Emirates.

techxplore.com

water shed, biofouling

Scientists unlock mechanisms of liquid-repellent surfaces

Griffith University scientists have made significant strides in understanding and controlling liquid interactions on tiny, advanced surfaces, a breakthrough that could impact a wide range of industries, from self-cleaning materials to medical devices.

phys.org

Biofouling release technology to protect ship hulls

How do you stop marine organisms from colonizing a tanker? Creative answers are needed to solve this problem, such as from the field of chemistry.

phys.org

Theoretical model explains the anomalous properties of water in extreme conditions

Water, a molecule essential for life, has unusual properties—known as anomalies—that define its behavior. However, there are still many enigmas about the molecular mechanisms that would explain the anomalies that make the water molecule unique. Deciphering and reproducing this particular...

phys.org

optics

Physicists create tiny hurricanes of light that could transport huge amounts of data

Much of modern life depends on the coding of information into means of delivering it. A common method is to encode data in laser light and send it through optic cables. The increasing demand for more information capacity demands that we constantly find better ways of encoding it.

phys.org

New design for photonic time crystals could change how we use and control light

An international research team has for the first time designed realistic photonic time crystals––exotic materials that exponentially amplify light. The breakthrough opens up exciting possibilities across fields such as communication, imaging and sensing by laying the foundations for faster and...

phys.org

Designing a spiral ladder-inspired tool that allows precision control of light direction and polarization

Photonics is the study of the generation, detection, and manipulation of light waves in the form of photons. One interesting property of light is polarization, defined by its electric and magnetic fields oscillating in any direction perpendicular to the direction of propagation. This oscillation...

phys.org

New lens system for endoscopes could allow physicians to see inside the body like never before

The human body contains a vast, complex, and interconnected web of organic tunnels and passageways that weave their way through the cardiovascular, respiratory, and digestive systems. For physicians, reaching into this maze of arteries, bronchial tubes, and gastrointestinal chambers to view and...

medicalxpress.com

New microscope shows live imaging of nanoscale biological process for the first time

In Nijmegen, Netherlands, researchers have installed the world's first microscope capable of live imaging of biological processes in such detail that moving protein complexes are visible. This new microscopic technique was developed by researchers led by Nico Sommerdijk from Radboud university...

phys.org

Physicists achieve high-precision imaging of complex molecules using highly charged ions

A new study published in Physical Review Letters and led by researchers from the Institute of Modern Physics (IMP) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) has demonstrated that a Coulomb explosion induced by highly charged ions is a unique tool for precisely imaging the structures of complex...

phys.org

LEDs based on transition metal dichalcogenides display reduced efficiency losses

Light-emitting diodes (LEDs), semiconductor-based devices that emit light when an electric current flows through them, are key building blocks of numerous electronic devices. LEDs are used to light up smartphone, computer, and TV displays, as well as light sources for indoor and outdoor...

techxplore.com

Scientists find a new way of entangling light and sound

For a wide variety of emerging quantum technologies, such as secure quantum communications and quantum computing, quantum entanglement is a prerequisite. Scientists at the Max-Planck-Institute for the Science of Light (MPL) have now demonstrated a particularly efficient way in which photons can...

phys.org

Self-organization of living matter into complex structures: How light pattern impacts aggregation of active filaments

When active filaments are exposed to localized illumination, they accumulate into stable structures along the boundaries of the illuminated area. Based on this fact, researchers at the Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization (MPI-DS) developed a model that can be used to simulate...

phys.org

Screens

https://phys.org/news/2024-11-metalenses-harness-ai-high-resolution.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-11-compound-metalens-distortion-free-imaging.html

Sound

AI headphones create a 'sound bubble,' quieting all sounds more than a few feet away

Imagine this: You're at an office job, wearing noise-canceling headphones to dampen the ambient chatter. A co-worker arrives at your desk and asks a question, but rather than needing to remove the headphones and say, "What?", you hear the question clearly.

techxplore.com

Macroscopic C₅₄₀ model offers new way to study sound wave propagation in topological metamaterials

Researchers have taken a novel approach to studying the interaction between certain topological metamaterials and sound wave propagation.

phys.org

Concrete

Carpet fibers can stop concrete cracking

Engineers in Australia have found a way to make stronger and crack-resistant concrete with scrap carpet fibers, rolling out the red carpet for sustainability in the construction sector.

techxplore.com

Anti-fatberg invention could help unclog city sewers

Engineers from RMIT University have invented a protective coating for concrete pipes that could help drastically reduce the formation of fatbergs in sewers.

techxplore.com

Digital monitoring system can make concrete work more reliable, safer and economical

Concreting mistakes can be expensive. Concrete poured too quickly often leads to a lack of color uniformity, irregularities in the structure and uneven surfaces. Particularly in the case of exposed concrete, expensive reworking using concrete cosmetics is then necessary; sometimes a wall may...

techxplore.com

Award-winning dataset aids in earthquake liquefaction research

No one knows exactly when or where an earthquake will strike. But computer simulations are helping scientists and engineers improve predictions for liquefaction—a sometimes deadly earthquake effect where the soil loses its stiffness, thus toppling buildings and more.

phys.org

Mechanical metamaterial

Mechanical metamaterial enables long-distance component interaction for unique stretching properties

Metamaterials are artificial materials that do not occur in nature. Their components function like atoms in conventional materials but have special optical, electrical and magnetic properties. Interaction between the components is crucial to a metamaterial's functionality.

phys.org

Mathematical approach can predict crystal structure in hours instead of months

Researchers at New York University have devised a mathematical approach to predict the structures of crystals—a critical step in developing many medicines and electronic devices—in a matter of hours using only a laptop, a process that previously took a supercomputer weeks or months. Their novel...

phys.org

Chemistry

Study reveals why carbon boosts metal nanoparticle catalysts

Precious metals play an important role in the chemical industry as catalysts: With the help of silver, platinum, palladium or other elements, chemical reactions can take place that would otherwise not progress or would only progress at a much lower reaction rate. These metals are often used in...

phys.org

When is a hole not a hole? Researchers investigate the mystery of 'latent pores'

Researchers have explored how a particular chemical can selectively trap certain molecules in the cavities of its structure—even though in normal conditions it has no such cavities. This innovative material with now-you-see-them-now-you-don't holes could lead to more efficient methods for...

phys.org

Fluorspar activated in water under mild conditions provides new route to fluorochemicals

Researchers at Oxford University have developed a new method to extract fluorine from fluorspar (CaF2) using oxalic acid and a fluorophilic Lewis acid in water under mild reaction conditions.

phys.org

New platinum-nickel core-shell catalyst shows stability for oxygen reduction reactions

Electrocatalysis is a key technology for sustainable energy, and understanding how catalysts work is crucial for improving their performance. One of the challenges in using platinum (Pt) as a catalyst for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in fuel cells is that it reacts too slowly and doesn't...

phys.org

Scientists develop a phase-transformable membrane for efficient gas separation

Industrial gas separation, essential for clean energy and environmental protection, demands efficiency and adaptability. Current materials, however, lack the flexibility to selectively separate gases like carbon dioxide (CO2) and hydrogen (H2) while remaining energy-efficient.

phys.org

Electrons and physics

Algorithm enhances electronic correlation energy calculations for a wide range of fields

A first-of-its-kind algorithm developed at Georgia Tech is helping scientists study interactions between electrons. This innovation in modeling technology can lead to discoveries in physics, chemistry, materials science, and other fields.

techxplore.com

Hints of a 'neutrino fog' could complicate efforts to detect dark matter

As if searching for dark matter isn't difficult enough already, physicists may have detected another hurdle known as a "neutrino fog" from solar neutrinos streaming through Earth.

phys.org

Lattice QCD method suggests a simpler spectrum of exotic XYZ hadrons

An elusive particle that first formed in the hot, dense maelstrom of the early universe has puzzled physicists for decades. Following its surprise discovery in 2003, scientists began observing a slew of other strange objects tied to the millionths of a second after the Big Bang.

phys.org

Theoretical predictions provide a first peek at nuclear shape transitions

Based on an experiment at CERN, a collaboration led by the Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, can predict hitherto unchartered changes in the shape of nuclei.

phys.org

Deep learning streamlines identification of 2D materials

Researchers have developed a deep learning-based approach that significantly streamlines the accurate identification and classification of two-dimensional (2D) materials through Raman spectroscopy. In comparison, traditional Raman analysis methods are slow and require manual subjective...

phys.org

 

[publiusr]

Carbon to methane

Turning carbon emissions into methane fuel: New method offers potential for abundant energy savings

Chemists have developed a novel way to capture and convert carbon dioxide into methane, suggesting that future gas emissions could be converted into an alternative fuel using electricity from renewable sources.

phys.org

Optics

Optoelectronic device mimics human vision for diversified in-sensor computing

To make sense of the world, most humans rely in great part on their vision. Recent research suggests that the human visual system is hierarchical, meaning that it processes information on different levels, ranging from the low-level processing of sensory stimuli to the high-level processing...

techxplore.com

The future of optical modulators and integrated photonics

Despite being a mature technology in existence for over several decades, silicon photonic modulators face scrutiny from industry and academic experts. In a recent editorial interview, experts emphasize the need to explore alternatives beyond the traditional platforms. The discussion centers on...

phys.org

Using matter waves, scientists unveil novel collective behaviors in quantum optics

A research team led by Dominik Schneble, Ph.D., Professor in the Department of Physics and Astronomy, has uncovered a novel regime, or set of conditions within a system, for cooperative radiative phenomena, casting new light on a 70-year-old problem in quantum optics.

phys.org

Physicists develop new method to visualize magnetic nanostructures with high resolution

A new method enables researchers to analyze magnetic nanostructures with a high resolution. It was developed by researchers at Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg (MLU) and the Max Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics in Halle.

phys.org

https://phys.org/news/2024-11-megapixel-fluorescence-microscopy-layers-simple.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-11-chip-device-exotic-rays-2d.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-11-deep-architecture-enables-higher-efficiency.html

The shape of a photon

https://phys.org/news/2024-11-theory-reveals-photon.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-11-ai-algorithm-captures-photons-motion.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-11-interaction-reveals-paradigm-quantum-technology.html

Greenhouse paint

https://phys.org/news/2024-11-greenhouses-lengthen-fruit-season-sunny.html

sonics

https://phys.org/news/2024-11-framework-tunable-ultrasound-propagation-microscale.html

scent-sors

https://phys.org/news/2024-11-scientists-portable-miniature-high-electronic.html

gravitons

https://phys.org/news/2024-11-puzzle-piece-theory-graviton-conjecture.html

Rubber and plastics and other materials

https://phys.org/news/2024-11-image-method-visualization-electron-microscope.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-11-durable-supramolecular-plastic-fully-ocean.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-11-scientists-plastics-soaps-detergents.html

https://techxplore.com/news/2024-11-smart-microcapsule-arrays-local-stress.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-11-precursor-hydrolysis-method-mass-production.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-11-based-photocatalytic-pfas-room-temperature.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-11-physicists-fractional-pentalayer-graphene.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-11-crystals-harvest-air-energy.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-11-topological-2d-materials-spiral-boundary.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-11-difference-liquid-powder-laundry-detergent.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-11-spinel-oxides-reveals-pathways-electrocatalyst.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-11-recovering-demand-metals-electronics-industrial.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-11-triazenolysis-chemical-raw-materials.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-11-enormous-cache-rare-earth-elements.html

Heat to electricity

https://phys.org/news/2024-11-quantum-boosts-efficiency-electricity-conversion.html

Dye

https://phys.org/news/2024-11-fluorescent-materials-real-visualization-multi.html

Fiber

https://phys.org/news/2024-11-chemists-world-thinnest-spaghetti.html

physics

https://phys.org/news/2024-11-schrdinger-cat-state-heisenberg-limited.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-11-physicists-exotic-potential-quantum.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-11-method-quantum-gas.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-11-electron-density-based-methods.html

 

[publiusr]

Well...ain't that the--

How a middle schooler found a new compound in a piece of goose poop

A group of young students became bonafide biomedical scientists before they even started high school. Through a partnership with a nearby university, the middle schoolers collected and analyzed environmental samples to find new antibiotic candidates. One unique sample, goose poop collected at a...

phys.org

Why Monday is the most dangerous day on a building site

Australia's construction industry employs more than 1.3 million workers. That's about 9% of the workforce.

phys.org

Cleaning the air

Engineers develop filter-free microbubble air purification system inspired by human respiratory tract

A research team has developed an eco-friendly air purification system using microbubble filters instead of conventional solid filters.

techxplore.com

Tech news

Thermal photonics advances enable efficient subambient daytime radiative cooling for vertical surfaces

Radiative heat transfer is one of the most critical energy transfer mechanisms in nature. However, traditional blackbody radiation, due to its inherent characteristics, such as its non-directional, incoherent, broad-spectrum, and unpolarized nature, results in energy exchange between the...

phys.org

Advances in fine-tuning electron behavior in quantum materials could fast-track next generation of tech

Physicists at Loughborough University have made an exciting breakthrough in understanding how to fine-tune the behavior of electrons in quantum materials poised to drive the next generation of advanced technologies.

phys.org

Dynamics of structural transformation for liquid crystalline blue phases offer new avenues for advanced materials

Researchers have uncovered key insights about how liquid crystals, materials capable of forming complex ordered structures, transform between different phases. Published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, the study provides a clearer understanding of how these materials change...

phys.org

Thin coating of MXene material could replace thick layers of insulation

Materials that conduct electricity well, like metals, also tend to conduct heat. For instance, a metal spoon left in a hot cup of tea will get hot, while the ceramic mug remains cool. This is because good electrical conductors are usually good heat conductors too.

phys.org

Straining a material's atomic arrangement may make for cleaner, smarter devices

What's the best way to precisely manipulate a material's properties to the desired state? It may be straining the material's very atoms, according to a team led by researchers at Penn State. The team discovered that "spray painting" atoms of potassium niobate, a material used in advanced...

phys.org

Scientists exploit photo-induced chirality in thin films to improve authentication tech

In today's world, the fight against counterfeiting is more critical than ever. Counterfeiting affects about 3% of global trade, posing significant risks to the economy and public safety. From fake pharmaceuticals to counterfeit currency, the need for secure and reliable authentication methods is...

phys.org

Machine-learning models help discover a material for film capacitors with record-breaking performance

The Department of Energy's Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Berkeley Lab) and several collaborating institutions have successfully demonstrated a machine-learning technique to accelerate the discovery of materials for film capacitors—crucial components in electrification and renewable...

techxplore.com

New method realize ohmic contacts in n-type MoS₂ transistors at cryogenic temperatures

Semiconducting transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) are a class of layered materials exhibiting unique optoelectronic properties that could be leveraged to develop transistors, sensors and other nanoelectronics. Despite their advantages, creating robust ohmic contacts that connect a metal...

phys.org

Slow atomic movements shed new light on unconventional superconductivity

While atoms are known to wiggle very fast, dopants added to a cuprate superconductor can also cause atoms to meander very slowly. An SLAC study shows this process, called atomic relaxation, offers a new way to explore quantum states in these puzzling materials.

phys.org

Soft e-skin utilizes magnetic fields to independently sense three-axis forces

Electronic skins (e-skins) are flexible sensing materials designed to mimic the human skin's ability to pick up tactile information when touching objects and surfaces. Highly performing e-skins could be used to enhance the capabilities of robots, to create new haptic interfaces and to develop...

techxplore.com

Silver nanoparticles trapped within a polymer matrix allow for precise color control in anti-counterfeiting technology

In a significant advancement in the field of anti-counterfeiting technology, Professor Jiseok Lee and his research team in the School of Energy and Chemical Engineering at UNIST have developed a new hidden anti-counterfeiting technology, harnessing the unique properties of silver nanoparticles...

phys.org

Unlocking the secrets of collagen: How sea creature superpowers are inspiring smart biomaterials for human health

Major findings on the inner workings of a brittle star's ability to reversibly control the pliability of its tissues will help researchers solve the puzzle of mutable collagenous tissue (MCT) and potentially inspire new "smart" biomaterials for human health applications.

phys.org

Shape-changing polymer resembles animal movements with temperature shifts

A team of scientists has created a new shape-changing polymer that could transform how future soft materials are constructed. Made using a material called a liquid crystalline elastomer (LCE), a soft rubber-like material that can be stimulated by external forces like light or heat, the polymer...

phys.org

Mechanical engineer figures out way to enhance sensitivity of nanopores for early detection of diseases

SMU Lyle mechanical engineering graduate student Kamruzzaman Joty has introduced a new technique in nanotechnology for detecting and analyzing biomolecules, potentially paving the way for new methods of early disease detection.

phys.org

Speaking crystal: AI learns language of atom arrangements in solids

A new artificial intelligence model that can predict how atoms arrange themselves in crystal structures could lead to faster discovery of new materials for everything from solar panels to computer chips.

phys.org

Inspired by nature: Leaftronics pave way for biodegradable electronics

A research team headed by Prof. Karl Leo at TUD Dresden University of Technology have developed an innovative, nature-inspired solution that could revolutionize the electronics industry: "Leaftronics." This innovative approach leverages the natural structure of leaves to create biodegradable...

techxplore.com

Liquid water molecules are inherently asymmetric: New insight into the bonds between water molecules

Icebergs float on water because the underlying liquid water has a higher density than the iceberg. Liquid water itself has its highest density at 4°C—one of the so-called anomalies of water, i.e. properties of liquids that are rarely observed for other liquids.

phys.org

Novel covalent organic framework can remove a dangerous 'forever chemical' from drinking water

Researchers at NYU Abu Dhabi (NYUAD) have developed an innovative cationic covalent organic framework (COF) that efficiently detects and removes perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), a harmful and persistent pollutant, from drinking water. This breakthrough addresses a global challenge of removing...

phys.org

https://phys.org/news/2024-12-scientists-creation-nucleoside-analogs-group.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-12-physicists-closer-molecule-chemical-reactions.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-12-higher-fractional-discrete-crystals-floquet.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-11-tiny-laboratories-rapidly-pathogens-electricity.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-12-microfiber-plastics-slowly-environment.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-12-world-compact-robust-high-precision.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-11-droplet-based-microfluidics-mass-spectrometry.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-11-louis-de-broglie-nobel-laureate.html

https://techxplore.com/news/2024-12-mechanical-thermoelectric-alloy-chip-scale.html

https://techxplore.com/news/2024-12-magnetocaloric-paves-sustainable-cooling-technology.html

https://techxplore.com/news/2024-12-seawater-desalination-advance-benefit-billions.html

Glass

https://phys.org/news/2024-12-cooperative-motion-atoms-glass-fracturing.html

https://techxplore.com/news/2024-11-shifting-antenna-memory-alloys-temperature.html

Optics and sensors

https://phys.org/news/2024-12-microscopy-hair-thin-optical-fiber.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-12-laser-technique-atomic-scale-precision.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-12-polarization-photodetector-mimics-ant-pathway.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-12-quantum-ultrafast-laser-pulses-class.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-12-imaging-synaptic-vesicles-3d-cryo.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-12-quantum-resistance-standard-external-magnetic.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-12-infrared-detectors-quantum-dots-keener.html

https://medicalxpress.com/news/2024-12-temporary-tattoo-scalp-easy-hair.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-12-ray-vision-mystery-emissions-mechanism.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-12-spooky-action-short-distance-scientists.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-12-physics-patterns-chaos-peculiar-quantum.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-12-ultrahigh-pressure-generation-walker-earth.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-12-molecular-catapult-effect-analytical-method.html

Hamas-detector

https://phys.org/news/2024-12-analysis-ground-motions-reveals-seismic.html

https://techxplore.com/news/2024-12-skin-camera-free-emotions.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-11-visualizations-chain.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-12-smartphones-wildfires-extreme-weather-conditions.html

Chemistry

https://phys.org/news/2024-12-catalyst-methane-polymers.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-12-nickel-potential-reveals-atoms-valuable.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-12-economical-iridium-catalyst.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-12-greener-cleaner-cobalt-junk-materials.html

https://techxplore.com/news/2024-12-rice-hulls-batteries.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-12-scientists-reveal-superconductivity-secrets-iron.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-12-evidence-interaction-hydrocarbon-molecule-strained.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-12-chemical-carbon-capture-ability.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-12-multimodal-machine-accuracy-catalyst-screening.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-12-catalyst-efficient-desorption.html

 

[bobbymike]

https://scitechdaily.com/carbon-nanotubes-store-triple-the-energy-of-lithium-batteries/

 

[publiusr]

Hot windows

https://phys.org/news/2024-12-scientists-coating-thermal-imaging-hot.html

https://techxplore.com/news/2024-12-battery-memory-1000f.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-12-modulation-electric-fields-enables-creation.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-12-hyper-sampling-imaging-ultra-high.html

Aluminum and more

https://techxplore.com/news/2024-12-scrap-strength-solid-phase-aluminum.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-12-unveiling-multimetallic-effects-tailoring-metal.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-12-simple-machines-code-materials.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-12-scientists-hardest-problems-atomic-scale.html

https://techxplore.com/news/2024-12-tweaking-materials-scientists-transistors.html

https://techxplore.com/news/2024-12-scientists-metal-safer-lighter-cars.html

Water repellant

https://phys.org/news/2024-12-scientists-material-repellency.html

spill response method

https://phys.org/news/2024-12-faster-hazardous-response-method.html

Fluid pattern control

https://phys.org/news/2024-12-physicists-approach-patterns-fluid.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-12-physicists-uncover-strong-interactions-quantum.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-12-nanofluidic-devices-role.html

Tech

https://techxplore.com/news/2024-12-tweaking-materials-scientists-transistors.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-12-scientists-nuclear-coherence-levitating-microparticles.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-12-reveals-quasiparticle-loss-extreme-quantum.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-12-nanostructured-dimensional-gold-monolayers-possibilities.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-12-methods-generate-supercharge-magnetism-2d.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-12-tilted-magnetic-materials-fresh-path.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-12-ultrasensitive-nitric-oxide-2d-metalorganic.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-12-scientists-catalyst-degradation-oxygen-evolution.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-12-atomic-energy-sustainability.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-12-gel-based-stretchable-triboelectric-nanogenerators.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-12-uncovering-pigments-techniques-berlin-wall.html

hydrogen

https://techxplore.com/news/2024-12-desalination-hydrogen-electricity-cool-air.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-12-sunlight-hydrogen-unveil-photosynthetic-catalyst.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-12-hydrogen-dual-nature-reveal-hidden.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-12-antidote-deadly-hydrogen-sulfide-gas.html

optics/sensors

https://phys.org/news/2024-12-team-standards-high-resolution-microscopy.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-12-symmetry-concept-boosts-accuracy-radar.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-12-flexible-metafiber-device-generate-optical.html

https://techxplore.com/news/2024-12-prototype-network-seamless-mobile-communication.html

https://techxplore.com/news/2024-12-future-indoor-wireless-quantum-modular.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-12-room-temperature-nanodevice-generates-communication.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-12-ultrafast-electron-imaging-captures-nuclear.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-12-infrared-quantum-ghost-imaging-illuminates.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-12-ray-technique-nanoscale-architecture-functional.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-12-atomic-microscopy-reveals-microtubule-defects.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-12-faster-traditional-methods-framework-experimental.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-12-exploiting-optical-materials-capture-hidden.html

On physics

https://phys.org/news/2024-12-doesnt-imply-causation-scientists-figure.html

 

[publiusr]

Alloy

Harnessing corrosion: Scientists transform dealloying into sustainable lightweight alloy design

Max Planck Institute for Sustainable Materials (MPI-SusMat) researchers have transformed dealloying—traditionally seen as a corrosive, destructive process—into a groundbreaking method for creating lightweight, high-strength alloys. By combining dealloying with alloying in a single step, the team...

techxplore.com

nanotubes

Scientists learn how to make nanotubes that point in one direction

Researchers from Tokyo Metropolitan University have made tungsten disulfide nanotubes which point in the same direction when formed, for the first time. They used a sapphire surface under carefully controlled conditions to form arrayed tungsten disulfide nanotubes, each consisting of rolled...

phys.org

Flexible diamond membrane

New method enables mass production of flexible diamond membranes

A research team has developed a method for massively producing ultrathin and ultra-flexible diamond membranes.

techxplore.com

magnetism via light

Physicists magnetize a material with light: Terahertz technique could improve memory chip design

MIT physicists have created a new and long-lasting magnetic state in a material, using only light.

phys.org

Tiny particle, huge potential: Scientists discover new type of quasiparticle present in all magnetic materials

Researchers recently made a groundbreaking discovery on the nanoscale: a new type of quasiparticle found in all magnetic materials, no matter their strength or temperature. These new properties shake up what researchers previously knew about magnetism, showing it's not as static as once believed.

phys.org

Heat resistant materials and tech

Neural networks unlock potential of high-entropy carbonitrides in extreme environments

The melting point is one of the most important measurements of material properties, which informs potential applications of materials in various fields. Experimental measurement of the melting point is complex and expensive, but computational methods could help achieve an equally accurate result...

phys.org

Faster way to calculate electron structure makes it easier to discover new materials

Figuring out certain aspects of a material's electron structure can take a lot out of a computer—up to a million CPU hours, in fact. A team of Yale researchers, though, are using a type of artificial intelligence to make these calculations much faster and more accurately. Among other benefits...

phys.org

A new way of thinking about skyrmion motion could lead to more robust electronics

The future storage and processing of data stand to benefit greatly from tiny magnetic whirlpools known as skyrmions, which are robust against noise and may be useful in lower power consumption devices. The development of skyrmion-based technologies has received a boost from a simple and...

phys.org

Current generated by the quantum Hall effect found to have additional magnetic properties

The quantum Hall effect, a fundamental effect in quantum mechanics, not only generates an electric but also a magnetic current. It arises from the motion of electrons on an orbit around the nuclei of atoms. This has been demonstrated by the calculations of a team from Martin Luther University...

phys.org

In-plane magnetic fields reveal new Hall effect behaviors in advanced materials

In-plane magnetic fields are responsible for inducing anomalous Hall effect in EuCd2Sb2 films, report researchers from the Institute of Science Tokyo. By studying how these fields change electronic structures, the team discovered a large in-plane anomalous Hall effect.

phys.org

Nonlinear 'skin effect' unveiled in antiferromagnetic materials

A team of researchers has identified a unique phenomenon, a "skin effect," in the nonlinear optical responses of antiferromagnetic materials. The research, published in Physical Review Letters, provides new insights into the properties of these materials and their potential applications in...

phys.org

Thin-film tech makes nuclear clocks a 1,000 times less radioactive and more affordable

In the quest for ultra-precise timekeeping, scientists have turned to nuclear clocks. Unlike optical atomic clocks—which rely on electronic transitions—nuclear clocks utilize the energy transitions in the atom's nucleus, which are less affected by outside forces, meaning this type of clock could...

phys.org

2D materials boost p-type transistor performance, paving way for future tech

After dominating the electronics industry for decades, conventional silicon-based transistors are gradually approaching their limits, which is preventing engineers from further reducing their size without affecting their performance. To continue advancing portable computers, smart phones and...

phys.org

Researchers achieve near-unity quantum efficiency in 2D photon emitters

Leveraging the principles of quantum mechanics, quantum computers can perform calculations at lightning-fast speeds, enabling them to solve complex problems faster than conventional computers. In quantum technology applications such as quantum computing, light plays a central role in encoding...

phys.org

Novel antenna tech enables multi-signal transmission for 6G networks

A breakthrough in antenna technology that could revolutionize the future of wireless communications, particularly for the upcoming 6th generation (6G) networks, has been announced by a research team led by Professor Chan Chi-hou, Chair Professor of the Department of Electrical Engineering at...

techxplore.com

Engineers grow 'high-rise' 3D chips, enabling more efficient AI hardware

The electronics industry is approaching a limit to the number of transistors that can be packed onto the surface of a computer chip. So, chip manufacturers are looking to build up rather than out.

techxplore.com

Maser and X-ray

Purple diamond maser could one day amplify signals from deep space

UNSW engineers have developed and built a special maser system that boosts microwave signals—such as those from deep space—but does not need to be super-cooled.

phys.org

Single X-ray projection achieves 3D imaging, reducing radiation exposure

Computed tomography (CT) has long been a cornerstone of modern imaging, providing detailed 3D insights into the human body and other materials. However, conventional CT requires hundreds of X-ray projections from multiple angles, exposing patients to significant radiation doses and relying on...

medicalxpress.com

interruptor gear

Tech used by WWI flying aces inspires new cellular behavior discovery

Researchers at the University of Massachusetts Amherst have designed a new technology that takes inspiration from WWI fighter aircraft machine gun and propeller synchronization to manipulate cell behavior by precisely modulating the pH of the cell's environment in real-time. As described in Nano...

phys.org

Argon separation and chemistry findings

Novel MOF combines adsorption and dissolution for energy-efficient oxygen separation from argon

Efficient gas separation is vital in various industries, from medical applications to energy production. However, isolating oxygen from mixtures presents a significant technological challenge. Because many gases, including argon and oxygen, share similar physical properties, separating them is...

phys.org

Eco-friendly reactor mimics lightning to produce ammonia from air and water

There's a good chance you owe your existence to the Haber-Bosch process.

phys.org

https://phys.org/news/2024-12-particles-3d-gels-denser-porous.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-12-oxygen-chlorine-evolution-noble-metals.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-12-explores-nanobubble-stability-real-world.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-12-metal-framework-isomer.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-12-dismantle-pfas-chemicals.html

sensors

https://phys.org/news/2024-12-miniature-sensor-toxic-gas-results.html

https://phys.org/news/2024-12-scientists-quantum-behavior-macroscopic-oscillators.html

Gold

https://phys.org/news/2024-12-journey-gold-magmatic-fluids.html