What new materials are there?

[Rhinocrates]

We could make roads on the moon by melting lunar dust

Lunar dust can be melted with a laser to make a strong, glassy material – and a similar effect could be achieved by focusing sunlight with a lens

www.newscientist.com

Laser melting manufacturing of large elements of lunar regolith simulant for paving on the Moon - Scientific Reports

The next steps for the expansion of the human presence in the solar system will be taken on the Moon. However, due to the low lunar gravity, the suspended dust generated when lunar rovers move across the lunar soil is a significant risk for lunar missions as it can affect the systems of the...

www.nature.com

 

[Foo Fighter]

Why on earth, sorry I know but I could not resist, would anyone make roads on the moon? Let alone 'glass like' roads. Creating habitat sructures possibly but roads?

 

[bobbymike]

As I get older there’s a sadness that I won’t be around to witness what’s to come. With a maximum 35 years left I so want to see a man walk on Mars.

Not to be melancholy at the chances but to me it would be a sign that humanity will survive to live across the galaxy maybe the universe.

 

[Rhinocrates]

Why on earth, sorry I know but I could not resist, would anyone make roads on the moon? Let alone 'glass like' roads. Creating habitat sructures possibly but roads?

Dust. It's very fine and very abrasive. If it gets into mechanical parts it wears at them badly. Uneven ground also puts a strain on mechanical parts - gravity is low but mass and inertia and the stress caused by shaking remain the same.

 

[publiusr]

It’d make great concrete down here though.

Hydrogen storage

New catalyst could provide liquid hydrogen fuel of the future

Researchers at Lund University in Sweden are investigating a car fuel comprised of a liquid that is converted to hydrogen by a solid catalyst. The used liquid is then emptied from the tank and charged with hydrogen, after which it can be used again in a circular system that is free from...

www.eurekalert.org

Now this makes me wonder if you could get two go’s of combustion from one liquid:

A "diesel electric" turbopump?

A "diesel electric" turbopump?

forum.nasaspaceflight.com

Nitrogen news

Scientists unlock the secrets of nitrogen's solid phase

In a groundbreaking study now published in the journal Nature Communications, the mysteries of nitrogen's solid phases have been solved, shedding light on its complex behavior.

phys.org

Direct electroconversion of air to nitric acid under mild conditions - Nature Synthesis

Direct synthesis of nitric acid from nitrogen and oxygen is attractive but is challenging under mild conditions. Now, direct conversion of air to nitric acid is achieved under mild conditions via a hydroxyl-radical-mediated hetero-homogeneous electrochemical route at the cathode.

www.nature.com

An electrical switch to control chemical reactions

An electrical switch to control chemical reactions

www.lifetechnology.com

New technology for customized air purification of toxic gases

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in daily products such as paints, adhesives, furniture, cosmetics, and deodorants make our lives easier. However, constant exposure can cause serious health problems such as respiratory illness, headaches, dermatitis, and cancer.

phys.org

Promising material provides a simple, effective method capable of extracting uranium from seawater | ANSTO

An Australian-led international research team, including a core group of ANSTO scientists, has found that doping a promising material provides a simple, effective method capable of extracting uranium from seawater. The research, published in Energy Advances and featured on the cover, could help...

www.ansto.gov.au

Electron beam repair

Surprising discovery shows electron beam radiation can repair nanostructures

In a surprising new study, researchers have found that the electron beam radiation that they previously thought degraded crystals can actually repair cracks in these nanostructures. The groundbreaking discovery provides a new pathway to create more perfect crystal nanostructures, a process that...

www.sciencedaily.com

Removal of magnetic contamination within extraterrestrial samples

By demonstrating that spaceflight doesn’t adversely affect the magnetism of moon rocks, Stanford researchers underscore the exciting potential of studying the magnetic histories stored in these samples.

news.stanford.edu

For targeting?

A quantum algorithm for the segmentation of a moving target in grayscale videos

Computer vision algorithms have become increasingly advanced over the past decades, enabling the development of sophisticated technologies to monitor specific environments, detect objects of interest in video footage and uncover suspicious activities in CCTV recordings. Some of these algorithms...

techxplore.com

New study unveils stretchable high-resolution user-interactive synesthesia displays for visual--acoustic encryption

A research team has succeeded in developing a cutting-edge display using transfer-printing techniques, propelling the field of multifunctional displays into new realms of possibility.

www.sciencedaily.com

Computers

A new way to erase quantum computer errors

Quantum computers of the future hold promise in solving all sorts of problems. For example, they could lead to more sustainable materials and new medicines, and even crack the hardest problems in fundamental physics. But compared to the classical computers in use today, rudimentary quantum...

phys.org

Self-correcting quantum computers within reach?

Quantum computers promise to reach speeds and efficiencies impossible for even the fastest supercomputers of today. Yet the technology hasn't seen much scale-up and commercialization largely due to its inability to self-correct. Quantum computers, unlike classical ones, cannot correct errors by...

www.sciencedaily.com

New easy-to-use optical chip can self-configure to perform various functions

Researchers have developed an easy-to-use optical chip that can configure itself to achieve various functions. The positive real-valued matrix computation they have achieved gives the chip the potential to be used in applications requiring optical neural networks. Optical neural networks can be...

phys.org

New cyber algorithm shuts down malicious robotic attack

Australian researchers have designed an algorithm that can intercept a man-in-the-middle (MitM) cyberattack on an unmanned military robot and shut it down in seconds.

techxplore.com

New AI-driven tool streamlines experiments

New AI-driven tool streamlines experiments

www.lifetechnology.com

Solar cells

Highly performing metal halide perovskite solar cells fabricated in ambient air

Metal halide perovskites, solution-processable materials with advantageous optoelectronic properties, have recently emerged as suitable candidates for developing photovoltaic technology. Recent studies demonstrated metal halide perovskite-based solar cells (PSCs) with power conversion...

techxplore.com

Battery tech

A promising molecular catalyst for aqueous polysulfide-based redox flow batteries

In recent years, researchers have been exploring the potential of a wide range of new battery technologies, including so-called redox flow batteries. Redox flow batteries, also known as flow batteries, are battery cells that generate electricity and store energy via so-called redox chemical...

techxplore.com

Medical news

Plasma technology transforms microalgae coating for wounds

Researchers at Flinders University have taken a significant leap in the field of wound care using an innovative approach. By deploying an argon atmospheric plasma jet, they have successfully transformed Spirulina maxima, a blue-green microalgae, into ultrathin bioactive coatings.

phys.org

Yes, scientists have sequenced the entire human genome, but they're not done yet

The human genome, from end to end, has been sequenced, meaning scientists worldwide have identified most of the nearly 20,000 protein-coding genes. However, an international group of scientists notes there's more work to be done. The scientists point out that even though we have nearly converged...

phys.org

Maybe this time?

A strategy to enhance the light-driven superconductivity of K₃C₆₀

Superconductivity is the ability of some materials to conduct a direct electrical current (DC) with almost no resistance. This property is highly sought after and favorable for various technological applications, as it could boost the performance of different electronic and energy devices.

phys.org

 

[Justo Miranda]

Why on earth, sorry I know but I could not resist, would anyone make roads on the moon? Let alone 'glass like' roads. Creating habitat sructures possibly but roads?

A permanent lunar colony is stupid, after living a year in lunar gravity the colonists would not be able to live on earth again. It would be a one-way trip.

 

[publiusr]

Less wear on skeletons for retirees.
A one-g habitat to control robots via telepresence would be nice.

Delicious

Cocoa pods — a source of chocolate, and potentially, flame retardants - American Chemical Society

Halloween is coming, and chocolate stashes are replenished. Now researchers in ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering report how the wasted cocoa pods could be a starting material for flame retardants.

www.acs.org

Degassing

Further evidence of Earth's core leaking found on Baffin Island

A combined team of geochemists from Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution and California Institute of Technology has found evidence of high levels of helium-3 in rocks on Baffin Island—possible evidence that the Earth's core is leaking. In their paper published in the journal Nature, the group...

phys.org

New study shows Hunga-Tonga Hunga-Ha'apai eruption depleted ozone layer

A large team of atmospheric specialists has found that when the Hunga-Tonga Hunga-Ha'apai volcano erupted last year, it took part of the ozone layer with it. Their findings are published in the journal Science.

phys.org

Dinuclear ruthenium complex as a photocatalyst for selective CO2 reduction to CO

Similar to the process of photosynthesis in plants, the conversion and storage of solar energy into chemical energy hold significant promise for addressing critical energy and environmental challenges, including the depletion of fossil fuels and threat of global warming. One promising avenue in...

phys.org

Odd

Accelerating waves shed light on major problems in physics

Whenever light interacts with matter, light appears to slow down. This is not a new observation and standard wave mechanics can describe most of these daily phenomena.

phys.org

Med-watch

New 3D-printed tumor model enables faster, less expensive and less painful cancer treatment

An international team of interdisciplinary researchers has successfully created a method for better 3D modeling of complex cancers. The University of Waterloo-based team combined cutting-edge bioprinting techniques with synthetic structures or microfluidic chips. The method will help lab...

phys.org

Scientists record powerful signal in the brain's white matter

The human brain is made up of two kinds of matter: the nerve cell bodies (gray matter), which process sensation, control voluntary movement, and enable speech, learning and cognition, and the axons (white matter), which connect cells to each other and project to the rest of the body.

medicalxpress.com

Special probes improve ultrasound imaging in obese patients

Ultrasound is used to diagnose many diseases in the abdominal cavity. A new study conducted at the University of Leipzig Medical Center and supported by the Helmholtz Institute for Metabolism, Obesity and Vascular Research (HI-MAG) shows that obesity affects the quality of ultrasound scans of...

medicalxpress.com

Scientists find a stem-cell derived mechanism that could lead to regenerative therapies for heart damage

A UCLA-led team has identified an essential internal control mechanism that can promote the maturation of human stem cell-derived heart muscle cells, offering a deeper understanding of how heart muscle cells develop from their immature fetal stage to their mature adult form.

medicalxpress.com

NUS scientists develop innovative magnetic gel that heals diabetic wounds three times faster

Diabetic patients, whose natural wound-healing capabilities are compromised, often develop chronic wounds that are slow to heal.

www.biospace.com

International team develops novel DNA nano engine

An international team of scientists has recently developed a novel type of nano engine made of DNA. It is driven by a clever mechanism and can perform pulsing movements. The researchers are now planning to fit it with a coupling and install it as a drive in complex nano machines. Their results...

phys.org

Radar

Revolutionizing radar: Integrated THz emitter for precise rotating target detection

You may not realize it, but the Doppler effect is everywhere in our lives, from tracking the speed of cars with radar to locating satellites in the sky. It's all about how waves change their frequency when a source (like a radar signal) and a detector are in motion relative to each other...

phys.org

Going rogue: Scientists apply giant wave mechanics on a nanometric scale

Researchers have shown how the principles of rogue waves—huge 30-meter waves that arise unexpectedly in the ocean—can be applied on a nano scale, with dozens of applications from medicine to manufacturing.

phys.org

Photonic crystals bend light as though it were under the influence of gravity

A collaborative group of researchers has manipulated the behavior of light as if it were under the influence of gravity. The findings, which were published in the journal Physical Review A on September 28, 2023, have far-reaching implications for the world of optics and materials science, and...

phys.org

New technique accomplishes precise control of photonic angular momentum

Rotating objects carry angular momentum; this fact extends even to the tiniest of particles, such as photons. Photons possess not one but two distinct forms of angular momentum: spin angular momentum (SAM) and orbital angular momentum (OAM).

phys.org

Superlensing without a super lens: Physicists boost microscopes beyond limits

Ever since Antonie van Leeuwenhoek discovered the world of bacteria through a microscope in the late seventeenth century, humans have tried to look deeper into the world of the infinitesimally small.

phys.org

Scientists propose super-bright light sources powered by quasiparticles

An international team of scientists is rethinking the basic principles of radiation physics with the aim of creating super-bright light sources. In a new study published in Nature Photonics, researchers from the Instituto Superior Técnico (IST) in Portugal, the University of Rochester, the...

phys.org

Electrical control of quantum phenomenon could improve future electronic devices

A new electrical method to conveniently change the direction of electron flow in some quantum materials could have implications for the development of next-generation electronic devices and quantum computers.

phys.org

From a five-layer graphene sandwich, a rare electronic state emerges

Ordinary pencil lead holds extraordinary properties when shaved down to layers as thin as an atom. A single, atom-thin sheet of graphite, known as graphene, is just a tiny fraction of the width of a human hair. Under a microscope, the material resembles a chicken-wire of carbon atoms linked in a...

phys.org

Miniaturized FSO breakthrough unlocks high-speed wireless communication anywhere

From space-wide internet to last-mile connectivity, portable free-space optical communication promises to bridge connectivity gaps on-demand

amp.spie.org

 

[publiusr]

Novel hydrogel finds new aptamers, or 'chemical antibodies,' in days

One double-helix strand of DNA could extend six feet, but it is so tightly coiled that it packs an entire sequence of nucleotides into the tiny nucleus of a cell. If that same DNA was instead split into two strands and divided into many, many short pieces, it would become trillions of uniquely...

phys.org

Move over carbon, the nanotube family just got bigger

Researchers from Tokyo Metropolitan University have engineered a range of new single-walled transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) nanotubes with different compositions, chirality, and diameters by templating off boron-nitride nanotubes. They also realized ultra-thin nanotubes grown inside the...

phys.org

Electron-rich metals make ceramics tough to crack

Researchers have discovered a way to make ceramics tougher and more resistant to cracking. By building these materials using a blend of metal atoms possessing more electrons in their outer shell, a team led by engineers at the University of California San Diego has unlocked the potential to...

phys.org

New material could allow devices to turn wasted heat into useful electricity more efficiently

Scientists have discovered a way to design materials that improve energy efficiency, in a breakthrough that could help the fight against climate change, make manufacturing greener, and could even take the hassle out of charging your smart watch.

techxplore.com

Self-assembled monolayer paves the way for adapting perovskite solar cells for renewable energy

A step forward in the evolution of perovskite solar cells recorded by researchers at City University of Hong Kong (CityU) will have significant implications for renewable energy development.

techxplore.com

Researchers develop new method for manufacturing tailor-made semiconductor thin films

Organic semiconductor materials are promising key technologies for the development of state-of-the-art optoelectronic components and are used in photovoltaics as well as in sensor technology and microelectronics. In order to produce thin organic semiconductor films automatically and with...

techxplore.com

Generating clean electricity with chicken feathers

The food industry generates enormous amounts of waste and by-products, including from poultry production. Each year, some 40 million metric tons of chicken feathers are incinerated. This not only releases large amounts of CO2, but also produces toxic gases such as sulfur dioxide.

techxplore.com

New system to harness 40% of the sun's heat to produce clean hydrogen fuel

MIT engineers aim to produce totally green, carbon-free hydrogen fuel with a new, train-like system of reactors that is driven solely by the sun.

techxplore.com

Transforming wastewater into valuable chemicals with sunlight

Researchers led by Prof. Gao Xiang from the Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology (SIAT) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Prof. Lu Lu from the Harbin Institute of Technology have proposed a novel method to transform wastewater contaminants into valuable chemicals using sunlight, thus...

phys.org

Harnessing molecular power: Electricity generation on the nanoscale

Wave energy technology is a proven source of power generation, but there is power inherent in every molecule of liquid on Earth, even when the liquid is at rest. At the molecular scale, atoms and ions are always moving. If this nanoscale movement can be harvested, it could be a big source of energy.

phys.org

 

[bobbymike]

Scientists Created a Crystal That's 58% Harder Than Diamond

Diamonds might not be the strongest crystal in the world! Check out how lonsdaleite, or hexagonal diamonds, may one day take top place.

interestingengineering.com

 

[publiusr]

Materials

Researchers develop new mechanism to create water-repellent surfaces

Researchers have developed a new mechanism to make water droplets slip off surfaces, and describe it in a paper published in Nature Chemistry. The discovery challenges existing ideas about friction between solid surfaces and water and opens up a new avenue for studying droplet slipperiness at...

phys.org

Working towards programmable matter: Unexpected behavior discovered in active particles

Investigating systems consisting of self-propelled particles—so-called active particles—is a rapidly growing area of research. In theoretical models for active particles, it is often assumed that the particles' swimming speed is always the same. This is not so, however, for particles produced in...

phys.org

Shape-shifting fiber can produce morphing fabrics

Instead of needing a coat for each season, imagine having a jacket that would dynamically change shape so it becomes more insulating to keep you warm as the temperature drops.

techxplore.com

Room-temperature continuous-wave topological Dirac-vortex microcavity lasers on silicon

With the explosive growth of data traffic, it is highly desired to develop hybrid photonic integrated circuits combining various optical components on a single chip.

phys.org

Chemists synthesize doubly anti-aromatic C16 carbon allotrope

A combined team of chemists from Oxford University, and IBM Research Europe-Zürich has successfully synthesized a doubly anti-aromatic C16 carbon allotrope. In their paper published in the journal Nature, the group describes their synthetic process and its possible use in exploring new...

phys.org

Researchers advance high-temperature superconductivity in carbon materials

In a study published in Advanced Science, researchers led by Prof. Zhong Guohua from the Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology (SIAT) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) have made a prediction regarding superconductivity above 100 K within carbon-cage networks.

phys.org

Controlling waves in magnets with superconductors for the first time

Quantum physicists at Delft University of Technology have shown that it's possible to control and manipulate spin waves on a chip using superconductors for the first time. These tiny waves in magnets may offer an alternative to electronics in the future. The study, published in Science...

phys.org

Engineered enzymes could generate biomass optimized for conversion into fuel and other useful products

Plant biologists at the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) Brookhaven National Laboratory have engineered enzymes to modify grass plants so their biomass can be more efficiently converted into biofuels and other bioproducts. As described in a paper published in Plant Biotechnology Journal, these...

phys.org

Hydrogel technology boosts efficiency and stability of gas evolution reactions

A team of researchers from UNIST has achieved a remarkable breakthrough in the production of clean gas raw materials, particularly green hydrogen. By developing a hydrogel thin film technology, the team has paved the way for a revolution in gas-producing electrodes, significantly enhancing...

techxplore.com

Tuning properties of membrane and catalyst layers optimizes reactors for fuel cells and more

Ethylene is a chemical widely used as a feedstock for producing polymers and industrial chemicals. Oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) is a promising, energy-efficient way of creating ethylene from natural gas by reacting methane with oxygen. However, the method comes with its downsides. Too...

phys.org

The 'spinaron': New quantum effect challenges the long-held Kondo effect

For the first time, experimental physicists from the Würzburg-Dresden Cluster of Excellence ct.qmat have demonstrated a new quantum effect aptly named the "spinaron." In a meticulously controlled environment and using an advanced set of instruments, they managed to prove the unusual state a...

phys.org

Superatomic semiconductor sets a speed record for ballistic flow

Semiconductors—most notably, silicon—underpin the computers, cellphones, and other electronic devices that power our daily lives, including the device on which you are reading this article.

phys.org

Scientists synthesize cathode active materials for lithium-ion batteries at relatively low temperatures

Layered lithium cobalt oxide, a key component of lithium-ion batteries, has been synthesized at temperatures as low as 300°C and durations as short as 30 minutes.

techxplore.com

 

[bobbymike]

A new ceramic material that can form tiny, intricate shapes could transform smartphones

Northeastern University researchers accidentally produced a new class of ceramics that can be thermoformed into shapes like sheet metal.

interestingengineering.com

 

[bobbymike]

Scientists manipulate quantum fluids of light, bringing us closer to next-generation unconventional computing

In a quantum leap toward the future of unconventional computing technologies, a team of physicists made an advancement in spatial manipulation and energy control of room-temperature quantum fluids of light, aka polariton condensates, marking a pivotal milestone for the development of high-speed...

phys.org

 

[Rhinocrates]

I could imagine applications in soft robotics too.

Link to paper in the description.

View: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=es5mWtB42to

 

[publiusr]

New Heat engine and more

Micro heat engine research cracks an age-old thermodynamic puzzle

Designing a heat engine that can produce maximum power at maximum efficiency is a major challenge. Practical heat engines are limited to a theoretical efficiency called the Carnot limit, which sets a cap on how much heat can be converted to useful work.

phys.org

Research team develops fast-charging hybrid microbial fuel cell and CO2 electrolyzer based on formic acid

Formic acid, which can be produced electrochemically from carbon dioxide, is a promising energy carrier. A Chinese research team has now developed a fast-charging hybrid battery system that combines the electrochemical generation of formic acid as an energy carrier with a microbial fuel cell.

techxplore.com

Engineers develop an efficient process to make fuel from carbon dioxide

The search is on worldwide to find ways to extract carbon dioxide from the air or from power plant exhaust and then make it into something useful. One of the more promising ideas is to make it into a stable fuel that can replace fossil fuels in some applications. But most such conversion...

techxplore.com

Desalination find--on evaporation without heat

A surprising finding shows that light can make water evaporate without heat could enable new approaches to desalination

Evaporation is happening all around us all the time, from the sweat cooling our bodies to the dew burning off in the morning sun. But science's understanding of this ubiquitous process may have been missing a piece all this time.

techxplore.com

New approach to water electrolysis for green hydrogen

Recent research into the demanding task of developing catalysts for hydrogen production has made substantial progress.

phys.org

new compounds

Chemists make breakthrough in drug discovery chemistry: Two methods to replace carbon with a nitrogen atom in a molecule

For years, if you asked the people working to create new pharmaceutical drugs what they wished for, at the top of their lists would be a way to easily replace a carbon atom with a nitrogen atom in a molecule.

phys.org

Strong evidence for new light isotope of nitrogen

With only two neutrons to its seven protons, Nitrogen-9 represents the first known case of a nucleus that decays by emitting five protons from its ground state. Robert Charity, a research professor of chemistry in Arts & Sciences at Washington University in St. Louis, described the new light...

phys.org

Physicists turn pencil lead into metaphorical 'gold'

MIT physicists and colleagues have metaphorically turned graphite, or pencil lead, into gold by isolating five ultrathin flakes stacked in a specific order. The resulting material can then be tuned to exhibit three important properties never before seen in natural graphite.

phys.org

Charged 'molecular beasts' as the foundation for new chemical compounds

Mass spectrometers are high-tech machines that play an important role in our society. They are highly sensitive analytical instruments that are indispensable in areas such as medical diagnostics, food quality control and the detection of hazardous chemical substances.

phys.org

Study reveals the origin of high superconducting critical temperatures in trilayer cuprates

High-temperature cuprate superconductors are a broad class of materials that exhibit some unique characteristics. Due to their distinctive properties, these materials exhibit the highest superconducting temperatures reported to date under ambient pressure.

phys.org

Strange magnetic material could make computing energy-efficient

A research collaboration co-led by EPFL has uncovered a surprising magnetic property of an exotic material that might lead to computers that need less than one-millionth of the energy required to switch a single bit.

phys.org

Researchers develop solid-state thermal transistor for better heat management

A team of researchers from UCLA has unveiled a first-of-its-kind stable and fully solid-state thermal transistor that uses an electric field to control a semiconductor device's heat movement.

techxplore.com

Looking sharp: Shark skin is unique and may have medical use, too

Sharks differ from other fish in many ways, including an apparently remarkable ability to heal from wounds, according to reports of sharks recovering from injuries sustained in the wild. While this healing ability has not yet been documented in controlled laboratory conditions, some of the...

phys.org

Researchers devise cleaner, more efficient production of key input for detergents

Conventional techniques of generating alkylbenzene, a key input in the production of detergents, produce toxic halogen byproducts, but researchers have devised a new technique that offers a more efficient, cheaper and cleaner manufacturing process of the substance.

phys.org

Making gluten-free, sorghum-based beers easier to brew and enjoy

Though beer is a popular drink worldwide, it's usually made from barley, which leaves those with a gluten allergy or intolerance unable to enjoy the frothy beverage. Sorghum, a naturally gluten-free grain, could be an alternative, but complex preparation steps have hampered its widespread...

phys.org

The right twist and strain for graphene to form 1D moirés

Researchers at IMDEA Nanociencia have developed an analytical method to explain the formation of a quasi-perfect 1D moiré pattern in twisted bilayer graphene. The pattern, naturally occurring in piled 2D materials when a strain force is applied, represents a set of channels for electrons.

phys.org

Radio killed the nuclear star

Monitoring nuclear weapons stockpiles with radio waves

An international research team has proposed a new method for monitoring nuclear disarmament treaties. The IT security experts developed a mechanism that uses radio waves to remotely monitor whether any changes are being made in a specific room.

techxplore.com

Hall effect

Theoretical modeling illuminates a new nonlinear Hall Effect

An international team of researchers including a team from the Center for the Advancement of Topological Semimetals (CATS), an Energy Frontier Research Center under the U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Science led by Ames National Laboratory, experimentally demonstrated a new type of...

phys.org

steel

What's standing in the way of sustainable steel?

Steel production is the surprising source of 8% of all greenhouse gases today. Most of it comes when converting iron ore into molten iron. Usually, that means with coal. Clean-burning hydrogen fuel, on the other hand, which produces only pure water as its byproduct, represents a far more...

techxplore.com

Battery news

While rare, why do batteries sometimes catch fire and explode?

How likely would an electric vehicle battery self-combust and explode? The chances of that happening are actually pretty slim: Some analysts say that gasoline vehicles are nearly 30 times more likely to catch fire than electric vehicles. But recent news of EVs catching fire while parked have...

techxplore.com

Promising electrolytes for solid-state batteries based on viscoelastic inorganic glass

Recent advancements in the development of hybrid and electric vehicles have increased the need for highly performing battery technologies. Research teams worldwide have thus been working on a wide range of alternative battery solutions, while also trying to identify new promising electrolytes...

phys.org

Developing batteries with 10 times the energy storage

To meet the rising global demand for electric vehicles, we need new and improved batteries. One promising candidate are all-solid-state lithium sulfur batteries. They can store nearly 10 times the amount of energy as traditional lithium-ion batteries, according to researcher Justin Kim.

techxplore.com

Innovative battery design delivers high energy density and sustainability

A research team led by Professor Dennis Y. C. Leung of the University of Hong Kong (HKU)'s Department of Mechanical Engineering has achieved a major breakthrough in battery technology with the development of a high-performance quasi-solid-state magnesium-ion (Mg-ion) battery. This innovative...

techxplore.com

New plastic

VPR: A stronger, stretchier, self-healing plastic

Researchers at the University of Tokyo have developed an innovative plastic that is stronger and stretchier than the current standard type. The plastic is also partially biodegradable, remembers its shape, and can be healed with heat. The researchers created it by adding the molecule...

phys.org

Ugh

https://phys.org/news/2023-10-complicated-ecology-pit-latrines.html

https://phys.org/news/2023-10-velvet-worm-slime-sustainable-synthetic.html

 

[bobbymike]

Innovative photoresist materials pave the way for smaller, high performance semiconductor chips

For more than 50 years, the semiconductor industry has been hard at work developing advanced technologies that have led to the amazing increases in computing power and energy efficiency that have improved our lives. A primary way the industry has achieved these remarkable performance gains has...

techxplore.com

 

[publiusr]

New materials

A twist on atomic sheets to create new materials

The way light interacts with naturally occurring materials is well-understood in physics and materials science. But in recent decades, researchers have fabricated metamaterials that interact with light in new ways that go beyond the physical limits imposed on naturally occurring materials.

phys.org

Carbon nanotube–based MOSFETs doped using a scalable technique

In recent years, electronics engineers have been trying to identify materials that could help to shrink the size of transistors without compromising their performance and energy efficiency. Low-dimensional semiconductors, solid-state superconducting materials with fewer than three spatial...

techxplore.com

New cooling ceramic can enhance energy efficiency for the construction sector and help combat global warming

A significant breakthrough in developing a passive radiative cooling (PRC) material has been announced by researchers at City University of Hong Kong (CityU). The findings have been published in the journal Science in a paper titled "Hierarchically structured passive radiative cooling ceramic...

techxplore.com

Chemists image basic blocks of synthetic polymers

Synthetic polymers are everywhere in our society—from nylon and polyester clothing to Teflon cookware and epoxy glue. At the molecular level, these polymers' molecules are made of long chains of monomer building blocks, the complexity of which increases functionality in many such materials.

phys.org

How lab-made catalysts can help convert difficult greenhouse gases

Natural gas consists of light hydrocarbons such as methane and ethane. Such gases are more potent greenhouse gases than CO2, are constantly released into the atmosphere from natural gas wells, and are more difficult to store than, for example, their corresponding alcohols (methanol and ethanol...

phys.org

'Hot' new form of microscopy examines materials using evanescent waves

Microscopes usually use backscattered radiation to create images, but a research group from the Institute of Industrial Science at the University of Tokyo is developing a new method to study materials using the faint light they emit, generated by heat

phys.org

Atom-by-atom solvation recorded for the first time

A team of chemists and physicists at Aarhus University, in Denmark, working with a colleague from Universitat de Barcelona, in Spain, has recorded atom-by-atom solvation for the first time. In their study, published in the journal Nature, the group designed a process to manipulate sodium and...

phys.org

Researchers achieve chemically controlled, reversible magnetic phase transition

A research team led by Associate Prof. Li Xingxing and Prof. Yang Jinlong from the University of Science and Technology of China (USTC) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) has developed a groundbreaking chemical method for two-dimensional metal-organic lattices.

phys.org

Scaling up nano for sustainable manufacturing with self-assembling nanosheets

A new self-assembling nanosheet could radically accelerate the development of functional and sustainable nanomaterials for electronics, energy storage, health and safety, and more.

phys.org

Crystal trap

Physicists trap electrons in a 3D crystal for the first time

Electrons move through a conducting material like commuters at the height of Manhattan rush hour. The charged particles may jostle and bump against each other, but for the most part, they're unconcerned with other electrons as they hurtle forward, each with their own energy.

phys.org

Liquid metals

Liquid metals shake up century-old chemical engineering processes

Liquid metals could be the long-awaited solution to "greening" the chemical industry, according to researchers who tested a new technique they hope can replace energy-intensive chemical engineering processes harking back to the early 20th century.

phys.org

 

[bobbymike]

“Iron Man” material made from DNA and glass is 4x stronger than steel

Using only DNA and glass, researchers made a material four times stronger and five times lighter than steel. It was inspired by Iron Man.

www.freethink.com

 

[bobbymike]

New intelligent material could become a “quantum brain”

Scientists created an intelligent material that acts as a brain by physically changing when it learns. This is an important step toward achieving a "quantum brain.”

www.freethink.com

 

[publiusr]

Cooling glass

Researchers' 'cooling glass' blasts building heat into space

University of Maryland researchers aiming to combat rising global temperatures have developed a new "cooling glass" that can turn down the heat indoors without electricity by drawing on the cold depths of space.

techxplore.com

An electrocaloric heat pump that is more efficient than conventional air conditioners

A team of engineers at the Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, working with a pair of colleagues from Murata Manufacturing Company, has developed a regenerative electrocaloric heat pump that is more efficient than conventional air conditioners.

techxplore.com

Researchers' breakthrough in thermal transport could enable novel cooling strategies

Vanderbilt mechanical engineering professors Deyu Li and Josh Caldwell are part of a team of researchers who have discovered a new heat dissipation channel using phonon polaritons that could have extensive implications for novel cooling technologies in devices like smart phones and other modern...

phys.org

Glue and more

Researchers develop water-based adhesive that can be recycled by changing pH

A research team has developed a reversible, water-based glue that has good adhesion in the neutral pH range, but can be detached again in strongly acidic or alkaline environments. As the team writes in the journal Angewandte Chemie International Edition, the novel adhesive system, which is based...

phys.org

Q&A: Research improves understanding of particle interactions for better material design

Toothpaste has a hard job. Not only does it have to perform essential functions like scrubbing that coffee residue from your pearly whites, but it also must stay in the tube, exit smoothly under pressure and balance on a bunch of bristles without running all over the bathroom sink.

phys.org

Plastics

New technique can capture or reuse CO2 as a chemical source for the production of sustainable plastics

A team led by chemists at the University of Liège has developed a new polyurethane production technique using CO2 to create new types of easily recyclable plastics. The study, published in the Journal of the American Chemistry Society, could provide a solution for the development of truly...

phys.org

Putting an end to plastic separation anxiety

Bio-based plastics such as polylactic acid (PLA) were invented to help solve the plastic waste crisis, but they often end up making waste management more challenging.

phys.org

Pushing the boundaries of eco-friendly chemical production with azaarenes

A team of pioneering researchers from the Center for Advanced Bioenergy and Bioproducts Innovation (CABBI) has made a significant leap forward in the complex world of molecular chemistry.

phys.org

Researchers tune the speed of chirality switching

Chiral molecules can have dramatically different functional properties while sharing identical chemical formulae and almost identical structures. The molecular structure of two types of a chiral molecule—so-called enantiomers—are mirror images of each other where one cannot be superposed on the...

phys.org

Chemist unlocks plastic alternatives using proteins and clothing scraps

Every year, 400 million tons of plastic waste are generated worldwide. Between 19 and 23 million tons of that plastic waste makes its way into aquatic ecosystems, and the remaining goes into the ground. An additional 92 million tons of cloth waste is generated annually.

phys.org

Magnetic shielding

Magnetic shielding for particle detectors

Particle physicists who hunt for neutrinos, cosmic-rays and other charged particles rely on sophisticated instruments that detect very faint bursts of light given off when incident particles interact with a medium. The most common such instruments, called Cherenkov detectors, use photomultiplier...

phys.org

Neutron shield

Researchers develop neutron-shielding film for radiation protection

An advancement in neutron shielding, a critical aspect of radiation protection, has been achieved. This breakthrough is poised to revolutionize the neutron shielding industry by offering a cost-effective solution applicable to a wide range of materials surfaces.

phys.org

3D

Scientists 3D-print hair follicles in lab-grown skin

A team led by scientists at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute has 3D-printed hair follicles in human skin tissue cultured in the lab. This marks the first time researchers have used the technology to generate hair follicles, which play an important role in skin healing and function.

phys.org

3D printed robots with bones, ligaments, and tendons

3D printing is advancing rapidly, and the range of materials that can be used has expanded considerably. While the technology was previously limited to fast-curing plastics, it has now been made suitable for slow-curing plastics as well. These have decisive advantages as they have enhanced...

techxplore.com

To Mars

AI chemist synthesizes catalyst for oxygen production from Martian meteorites: One step closer to Mars immigration?

Immigration to and living on Mars have long been depicted in science fiction. But before that dream turns into reality, there is a hurdle humans have to overcome—the lack of chemicals such as oxygen essential for long-term survival on the planet. However, the recent discovery of water activity...

phys.org

CO2 and other green tech

More efficient electrodes for carbon dioxide recycling

With the ever-increasing interest in renewable energy, scientists are continuously searching for new technologies to store energy. CO2 electrolysis is a promising way to store energy while recycling carbon dioxide. By applying electricity, CO2 and water react and produce more complex molecules.

techxplore.com

Solar-powered device produces clean water and clean fuel at the same time

A floating, solar-powered device that can turn contaminated water or seawater into clean hydrogen fuel and purified water, anywhere in the world, has been developed by researchers.

techxplore.com

Review of carbon dioxide electroreduction in acid

CO2 electroreduction is a promising technique to convert renewable electricity and CO2 to high-value fuels and chemicals. Selectivity, energy efficiency, carbon efficiency, and sustainability are the criteria for CO2 electroreduction techniques suitable for industrial applications.

phys.org

A new blueprint for designing high-performance batteries

A team of scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) Argonne National Laboratory discovered an intriguing cooperative behavior that occurs among complex mixtures of components in electrolytes in batteries. Electrolytes are materials that move charge-carrying particles known as ions...

techxplore.com

Enhancing hydrogen fuel cell durability via tungsten oxide coating

When purchasing a smartphone, one of your primary considerations is typically finding a durable case and a screen protector to safeguard the device from external harm. Similarly, a group of researchers from POSTECH has recently garnered attention in the academic world by introducing a tungsten...

techxplore.com

Researchers train AI to produce solar cells from perovskite in record time

Researchers in Australia have harnessed AI to produce solar cells from the mineral perovskite in just a matter of weeks, bypassing years of human labor and human error to optimize the cells.

techxplore.com

Researchers engineer nanoparticles using ion irradiation to advance clean energy, fuel conversion

MIT researchers and colleagues have demonstrated a way to precisely control the size, composition, and other properties of nanoparticles key to the reactions involved in a variety of clean energy and environmental technologies. They did so by leveraging ion irradiation, a technique in which...

phys.org

Using photoelasticity in the quest for dendrite-resistant solid electrolytes

Researchers have documented for the first time the stresses that build up around solid-state battery electrolytes, helping set the stage for the development of improved and more efficient batteries. Scientists have long thought that stresses can build up around dendrites, thin metallic projects...

techxplore.com

Microbes could help reduce the need for chemical fertilizers

Production of chemical fertilizers accounts for about 1.5% of the world's greenhouse gas emissions. MIT chemists hope to help reduce that carbon footprint by replacing some chemical fertilizer with a more sustainable source—bacteria.

phys.org

Tandem single-atom electrocatalyst realizes reduction of CO2 to ethanol

The electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) into carbon-based fuels provides a promising strategy to mitigate CO2 emission and promotes the utilization of renewable energy.

phys.org

New water treatment method can generate green energy

Researchers from ICIQ in Spain have designed micromotors that move around on their own to purify wastewater. The process creates ammonia, which can serve as a green energy source. Now, an AI method developed at the University of Gothenburg will be used to tune the motors to achieve the best...

phys.org

Researchers extend shelf life of electrolyzers that can convert carbon dioxide to green chemicals

An international research team at DTU has increased the shelf life of electrolyzers that convert CO2 from half a day to 100 hours. This is good news for companies working with the process. The findings were published in Nature Catalysis under the title "Identifying and alleviating the durability...

phys.org

Researchers aim to make cheaper fuel cells a reality

As the world turns to greener power sources, it also needs to figure out how to store energy for times when the sun doesn't shine and the wind doesn't blow.

techxplore.com

Hydrogen near tipping point to accelerate decarbonization, new research shows

Hydrogen is poised to accelerate the global energy transition as the industry exhibits steep learning curves and finds ways to produce the gas more efficiently and at lower cost, according to a new study from researchers at the University of Mannheim and Harvard Business School.

techxplore.com

Inverted perovskite solar cell breaks 25% efficiency record

Northwestern University researchers have raised the standards again for perovskite solar cells with a new development that helped the emerging technology hit new records for efficiency.

techxplore.com

Capturing wellhead gases for profit and a cleaner environment

Burning of natural gas at oil and gas wells, called flaring, is a major waste of fossil fuels and a contributor to climate change. But to date, capturing the flared natural gas, estimated at some 140 billion cubic meters per year by the International Energy Agency, has not been economically...

techxplore.com

Kondo effect and tech news

Riddle of the Kondo effect solved with an artificial atom and a 1D wire

A team of physicists at the University of Cologne has solved a long-standing problem of condensed matter physics: they have directly observed the Kondo effect (the re-grouping of electrons in a metal caused by magnetic impurities) visible in a single artificial atom. This has not been done...

phys.org

Research achieves photo-induced superconductivity on a chip

Researchers at the Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter (MPSD) in Hamburg, Germany, have shown that a previously demonstrated ability to turn on superconductivity with a laser beam can be integrated on a chip, opening up a route toward opto-electronic applications.

phys.org

Integrated circuits based on a 2D semiconductor operating at GHz frequencies

Transistors are crucial electronic components that regulate, amplify and control the flow of current inside most existing devices. In recent years, electronics engineers have been trying to identify materials and design strategies that could help to further improve the performance of...

techxplore.com

Experimental brain-like computing system more accurate with custom algorithm

An experimental computing system physically modeled after the biological brain has "learned" to identify handwritten numbers with an overall accuracy of 93.4%. The key innovation in the experiment was a new training algorithm that gave the system continuous information about its success at the...

techxplore.com

First 2D semiconductor with 1,000 transistors developed: Redefining energy efficiency in data processing

As information and communication technologies (ICT) process data, they convert electricity into heat. Already today, the global ICT ecosystem's CO2 footprint rivals that of aviation. It turns out, however, that a big part of the energy consumed by computer processors doesn't go into performing...

techxplore.com

 

[publiusr]

Cooling glass

Researchers' 'cooling glass' blasts building heat into space

University of Maryland researchers aiming to combat rising global temperatures have developed a new "cooling glass" that can turn down the heat indoors without electricity by drawing on the cold depths of space.

techxplore.com

An electrocaloric heat pump that is more efficient than conventional air conditioners

A team of engineers at the Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, working with a pair of colleagues from Murata Manufacturing Company, has developed a regenerative electrocaloric heat pump that is more efficient than conventional air conditioners.

techxplore.com

Researchers' breakthrough in thermal transport could enable novel cooling strategies

Vanderbilt mechanical engineering professors Deyu Li and Josh Caldwell are part of a team of researchers who have discovered a new heat dissipation channel using phonon polaritons that could have extensive implications for novel cooling technologies in devices like smart phones and other modern...

phys.org

Glue and more

Researchers develop water-based adhesive that can be recycled by changing pH

A research team has developed a reversible, water-based glue that has good adhesion in the neutral pH range, but can be detached again in strongly acidic or alkaline environments. As the team writes in the journal Angewandte Chemie International Edition, the novel adhesive system, which is based...

phys.org

Q&A: Research improves understanding of particle interactions for better material design

Toothpaste has a hard job. Not only does it have to perform essential functions like scrubbing that coffee residue from your pearly whites, but it also must stay in the tube, exit smoothly under pressure and balance on a bunch of bristles without running all over the bathroom sink.

phys.org

Plastics

New technique can capture or reuse CO2 as a chemical source for the production of sustainable plastics

A team led by chemists at the University of Liège has developed a new polyurethane production technique using CO2 to create new types of easily recyclable plastics. The study, published in the Journal of the American Chemistry Society, could provide a solution for the development of truly...

phys.org

Putting an end to plastic separation anxiety

Bio-based plastics such as polylactic acid (PLA) were invented to help solve the plastic waste crisis, but they often end up making waste management more challenging.

phys.org

Pushing the boundaries of eco-friendly chemical production with azaarenes

A team of pioneering researchers from the Center for Advanced Bioenergy and Bioproducts Innovation (CABBI) has made a significant leap forward in the complex world of molecular chemistry.

phys.org

Researchers tune the speed of chirality switching

Chiral molecules can have dramatically different functional properties while sharing identical chemical formulae and almost identical structures. The molecular structure of two types of a chiral molecule—so-called enantiomers—are mirror images of each other where one cannot be superposed on the...

phys.org

Chemist unlocks plastic alternatives using proteins and clothing scraps

Every year, 400 million tons of plastic waste are generated worldwide. Between 19 and 23 million tons of that plastic waste makes its way into aquatic ecosystems, and the remaining goes into the ground. An additional 92 million tons of cloth waste is generated annually.

phys.org

Magnetic shielding

Magnetic shielding for particle detectors

Particle physicists who hunt for neutrinos, cosmic-rays and other charged particles rely on sophisticated instruments that detect very faint bursts of light given off when incident particles interact with a medium. The most common such instruments, called Cherenkov detectors, use photomultiplier...

phys.org

Neutron shield

Researchers develop neutron-shielding film for radiation protection

An advancement in neutron shielding, a critical aspect of radiation protection, has been achieved. This breakthrough is poised to revolutionize the neutron shielding industry by offering a cost-effective solution applicable to a wide range of materials surfaces.

phys.org

3D

Scientists 3D-print hair follicles in lab-grown skin

A team led by scientists at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute has 3D-printed hair follicles in human skin tissue cultured in the lab. This marks the first time researchers have used the technology to generate hair follicles, which play an important role in skin healing and function.

phys.org

3D printed robots with bones, ligaments, and tendons

3D printing is advancing rapidly, and the range of materials that can be used has expanded considerably. While the technology was previously limited to fast-curing plastics, it has now been made suitable for slow-curing plastics as well. These have decisive advantages as they have enhanced...

techxplore.com

To Mars

AI chemist synthesizes catalyst for oxygen production from Martian meteorites: One step closer to Mars immigration?

Immigration to and living on Mars have long been depicted in science fiction. But before that dream turns into reality, there is a hurdle humans have to overcome—the lack of chemicals such as oxygen essential for long-term survival on the planet. However, the recent discovery of water activity...

phys.org

 

[bobbymike]

Physicists Uncover a New State of Matter Hidden in The Quantum World

You're familiar with the states of matter we encounter daily – such as solid, liquid, and gas – but in more exotic and extreme conditions, new states can appear, and scientists from the US and China found one earlier this year.

www.sciencealert.com

 

[bobbymike]

Probing the temperature of materials under extreme pressure

In new experiments at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory’s National Ignition Facility, scientists measured the extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) of copper to probe its temperature under extreme pressure. The research appears in the journal Nature Communications.

www.llnl.gov

 

[bobbymike]

Graphene ‘gold’: MIT finds new properties in pencil lead

The new material, pentalayer rhombohedral stacked graphene, is made of five ultrathin layers of graphene stacked in a specific order.

interestingengineering.com

 

[Richard N]

https://twitter.com/x/status/1727278949104001136

View: https://twitter.com/DarkBlueMonkey/status/1727278949104001136

 

[bobbymike]

Quantum breakthrough paves way for ‘perfect switch’ in electronic devices

Dive into the quantum frontier as researchers reveal the potential of purple bronze – a material holding the key to a perfect switch in quantum devices.

interestingengineering.com

 

[publiusr]

Optics

Discovery of structural regularity hidden in silica glass

Glass—whether used to insulate our homes or as the screens in our computers and smartphones—is a fundamental material. Yet, despite its long usage throughout human history, the disordered structure of its atomic configuration still baffles scientists, making understanding and controlling its...

phys.org

Transcending nonlinear media by shaking: A framework for controlling the nature of nonlinearities

Writing in PRX Quantum, Nathan Goldman and Lucila Peralta Gavensky (Science Faculty, ULB) and their colleagues introduce a general framework for modifying and controlling the nature of nonlinearities in a broad class of physical systems, including optical devices and quantum atomic gases.

phys.org

Creating vortices in a superfluid made of light

By using a special combination of laser beams as a very fast stirrer, RIKEN physicists have created multiple vortices in a quantum photonic system and tracked their evolution. This system could be used to explore exotic new physics related to the emergence of quantum states from vortex matter...

phys.org

Boomerang-like beams of light: Research makes progress toward observing quantum backflow in two dimensions

Researchers at the University of Warsaw's Faculty of Physics have superposed two light beams twisted in the clockwise direction to create anti-clockwise twists in the dark regions of the resultant superposition. The results of the research have been published in Optica. This discovery has...

phys.org

New tech

Long in the Bluetooth: Scientists develop a more efficient way to transmit data between our devices

University of Sussex researchers have developed a more energy-efficient alternative to transmit data that could potentially replace Bluetooth in mobile phones and other tech devices. With more and more of us owning smartphones and wearable tech, researchers at the University of Sussex have found...

techxplore.com

Using recovery capsules to prevent loss of data from balloon-based telescopes

An international team of astrophysicists, aerospace engineers and balloonists has found that data recovery capsules are a viable means of ensuring data integrity in the event of loss of flight capabilities or communications abilities in balloon-based telescope projects. In their paper published...

phys.org

Low-cost adaptable testbed design for terahertz technology

Terahertz communication will shape the future of wireless networks. Extensive high data rates with secure networks are possible with terahertz technology. However, such a high frequency also presents well-known challenges, such as limited range and susceptibility to atmospheric absorption.

techxplore.com

Researchers improve magnets for computing

As demand rises for increased data storage and faster-performing computers, researchers are creating a new generation of materials to meet consumers' expectations.

phys.org

Researchers develop a stretchable and efficient wearable thermoelectric energy harvester

Dr. Hyekyoung Choi and Min Ju Yun's research team from the Energy Conversion Materials Research Center, Korea Electrotechnology Research Institute (KERI), has developed a technology that can increase the flexibility and efficiency of a thermoelectric generator to the world's highest level by...

techxplore.com

From 2D to 3D: MXene’s path to revolutionizing energy storage and more

For the first time, researchers have arranged 2D MXene nanosheets into a 3D structure without compromising performance—a technology with the potential to have a tremendous impact on energy storage devices for applications like electric vehicles.

engineering.cmu.edu

Hydraulic jumps

Breaking the stillness: Scientists observe and explain the oscillations of circular hydraulic jumps

In a new study published in Physical Review Letters, scientists explore how small water jets can create stable periodic oscillations on a solid disk, uncovering a connection between these movements and the waves they generate and providing insights into the dynamic interplay of fluid behavior.

phys.org

Quick release

Dynamic bio-interface between mussel tissue and byssus plays important role in quick release

A team of chemists at McGill University, working with a colleague from Charité-Universitätsmedizin, in Germany, has uncovered part of the process used by mussels to bind to rocks and to quickly release from them when conditions warrant.

phys.org

Proof of concept of new material for long lasting relief from dry mouth conditions

A novel aqueous lubricant technology designed to help people who suffer from a dry mouth is between four and five times more effective than existing commercially available products, according to laboratory tests.

medicalxpress.com

Korean researchers develop nanomaterial to enable eco-friendly removal of fine dust precursors

Over the past decade, fine dust conditions in Korea have worsened, as perceived by the general public, with an increase in the number of days per year featuring high-concentration fine dust. Additionally, the previous maximum fine-dust concentration level has been surpassed. In response, the...

phys.org

The purple smoke of war

400-year-old mystery of why early explosive produces purple smoke solved by academics

Scientists at the University of Bristol have discovered why fulminating gold—the world's first known high explosive—produces a purple smoke when it detonates, solving a 400-year-old alchemy puzzle.

phys.org

 

[bobbymike]

Groundbreaking biomaterial can regenerate bone and teeth, study finds

This material, cobalt-doped monetite, offers promising prospects in the areas of bone regeneration, bone grafting, and dental implants

www.thebrighterside.news

 

[TomcatViP]

Gan Radar cooling improved with synthetic diamond for better heat transfer flux:

Ice Ice Baby: Raytheon uses diamonds to keep radars cool

"If we can relax the heat problem," a DARPA program manager said, "we can crank up the amplifier and increase the range of radar."

www.c4isrnet.com

 

[bobbymike]

UB receives $2.4 million grant to develop Earth’s thinnest materials for space tech

The team will use AI and quantum science to apply 2D materials to satellite sensors, radiation shields and quantum computing.

www.buffalo.edu

 

[publiusr]

For aerospace

Researchers use AI to increase the high-temperature strength of nickel–aluminum alloys

A materials research team consisting of NIMS and Nagoya University has designed a novel two-step thermal aging schedule (i.e., non-isothermal aging or unconventional heat treatment) capable of fabricating nickel-aluminum (Ni-Al) alloys that are stronger at high temperatures than Ni-Al alloys...

phys.org

Researchers engineer a material that can perform different tasks depending on temperature

Researchers report that they have developed a new composite material designed to change behaviors depending on temperature in order to perform specific tasks. These materials are poised to be part of the next generation of autonomous robotics that will interact with the environment.

techxplore.com

Control over friction, from small to large scales

Friction is hard to predict and control, especially since surfaces that come in contact are rarely perfectly flat. New experiments demonstrate that the amount of friction between two silicon surfaces, even at large scales, is determined by the forming and rupturing of microscopic chemical bonds...

phys.org

Replicating the structure of bird feathers with rubber nanostructures

The eastern bluebird is a special bird. The blue of its feathers is unique. However, this color is not based on pigments but on the special structure of the feather. Viewed under the microscope, the feathers are traversed by a network of channels with a diameter of just a few hundred nanometers.

techxplore.com

New understanding of 'oobleck-like' fluids contributes to smart material design

If you mix cornstarch and water in the right proportions, you get something that seems not-quite-liquid but also not-quite-solid. Oobleck flows and settles like a liquid when untouched but stiffens when you try to pick it up or stir it with a spoon. The properties of oobleck and other...

phys.org

Fabric

Researchers develop coating process for fabrics that kills or inhibits growth of pathogens

Countless times a day, patients, visitors and medical staff in hospitals touch surfaces of all kinds. Door handles, railings or elevator buttons can serve as transport vehicles for pathogens such as hospital germs or viruses. Smooth surfaces are comparatively easy to clean after contamination...

phys.org

Researchers develop first-of-its-kind woven material made entirely from flexible organic crystals

Applying simple, ancient weaving techniques to newly recognized properties of organic crystals, researchers with the Smart Materials Lab (SML) and the Center for Smart Engineering Materials (CSEM) at NYU Abu Dhabi (NYUAD) have, for the first time, developed a unique form of woven "textile."...

phys.org

Google DeepMind Adds Nearly 400,000 New Compounds to Berkeley Lab’s Materials Project

newscenter.lbl.gov

Acoustics

Study unveils shape-configurable MXene-based thermoacoustic loudspeakers with tunable sound directivity

Recent research has led to the development of film-type shape-configurable speakers. These speakers, based on the unique properties of MXene, offer tunable sound directivity and hold immense promise for the rapidly growing field of wearable electronics. The study is published in Advanced Materials.

phys.org

Development of a high flow rate cantilever fan

Cantilever fans move air through a flapping action, similar to hand-fans. Commercially available, they are combined with a piezoelectric bender, which provides their motive force. These fans are low noise, low power and have a low flow rate. They have a useful niche for increasing the cooling of...

techxplore.com

Researchers Invent New Way to Stretch Diamond for Better Quantum Bits

Nov. 30, 2023 — A future quantum network may become less of a stretch thanks to researchers at the University of Chicago, Argonne National Laboratory and Cambridge University. A team […]

www.hpcwire.com

Old law holds at quantum scale

Researchers show an old law still holds for quirky quantum materials

Long before researchers discovered the electron and its role in generating electrical current, they knew about electricity and were exploring its potential. One thing they learned early on was that metals were great conductors of both electricity and heat. And in 1853, two scientists showed that...

www.sciencedaily.com

Quantum tool opens door to uncharted phenomena

Entanglement is a quantum phenomenon where the properties of two or more particles become interconnected in such a way that one cannot assign a definite state to each individual particle anymore. Rather, we have to consider all particles at once that share a certain state. The entanglement of...

phys.org

Researchers use 2D material to reshape 3D electronics for AI hardware

Multifunctional computer chips have evolved to do more with integrated sensors, processors, memory and other specialized components. However, as chips have expanded, the time required to move information between functional components has also grown.

techxplore.com

Photonic chip that 'fits together like Lego' opens door to semiconductor industry

Researchers at the University of Sydney Nano Institute have invented a compact silicon semiconductor chip that integrates electronics with photonic, or light, components. The new technology significantly expands radio-frequency (RF) bandwidth and the ability to accurately control information...

phys.org

Applying semiconductor manufacturing principles to optoelectronic devices

Optoelectronics detect or emit light and are used in a variety of devices in many different industries. These devices have historically relied on thin transistors, which are small semiconductors that control the movement of electrons and photons made out of graphene and other two-dimensional...

phys.org

Transparent electronic news

Researchers triple carbon nanotube yield for LEDs, solar cells, flexible and transparent electronics

Skoltech scientists have found a way to improve the most widely used technology for producing single-walled carbon nanotube films—a promising material for solar cells, LEDs, flexible and transparent electronics, smart textiles, medical imaging, toxic gas detectors, filtration systems, and more...

phys.org

Magnetics

Scientists discover new type of ultrafast magnetic switching while investigating noise interference

Researchers at the University of Konstanz have discovered a new type of ultrafast magnetic switching by investigating fluctuations that normally tend to interfere with experiments as noise.

phys.org

Research advances magnetic graphene for low-power electronics

National University of Singapore (NUS) physicists have developed a concept to induce and directly quantify spin splitting in two-dimensional materials. By using this concept, they have experimentally achieved large tunability and a high degree of spin-polarization in graphene. This research...

phys.org

Catalyst

Durable, inexpensive electrocatalyst generates clean hydrogen and oxygen from water

A new electrocatalyst made of nickel (Ni), iron (Fe) and silicon (Si) that decreases the amount of energy required to synthesize H2 from water has been manufactured in a simple and cost-effective way, increasing the practicality of H2 as a clean and renewable energy of the future.

phys.org

Engineering non-precious metal electrocatalysts for cost-effective and environmentally responsible water splitting

There is an ever-present struggle to reduce carbon-based energy sources and replace them with low or no-carbon alternatives. The process of splitting water could be the resolution.

phys.org

CO2 capture
https://www.ornl.gov/news/researchers-decode-aqueous-amino-acids-potential-direct-air-capture-co2

Accelerator

Compact accelerator technology achieves major energy milestone

Particle accelerators hold great potential for semiconductor applications, medical imaging and therapy, and research in materials, energy and medicine. But conventional accelerators require plenty of elbow room—kilometers—making them expensive and limiting their presence to a handful of national...

phys.org

Lasers

Do the bump: Scientists perfect miniaturized technique to generate precise wavelengths of visible laser light

In research, sometimes the bumpy path proves to be the best one. By creating tiny, periodic bumps in a miniature racetrack for light, researchers at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and their colleagues at the Joint Quantum Institute (JQI), a research partnership between...

phys.org

An anomalous relativistic emission arising from the intense interaction of lasers with plasma mirrors

Interactions between intense laser pulses and plasma mirrors have been the focus of several recent physics studies due to the interesting effects they produce. Experiments have revealed that these interactions can generate a non-linear physical process known as high-order harmonics...

phys.org

Eye-safe laser technology to diagnose traumatic brain injury

Researchers from the University of Birmingham have designed and developed a novel diagnostic device to detect traumatic brain injury (TBI) by shining a safe laser into the eye.

medicalxpress.com

Solar power

Harvesting more solar energy with two-dimensional supercrystals

When Emiliano Cortés goes hunting for sunlight, he doesn't use gigantic mirrors or sprawling solar farms. Quite the contrary, the professor of experimental physics and energy conversion at LMU dives into the nanocosmos.

phys.org

Sensor technologies

Molecular rulers for high-resolution microscopy

There is good news for researchers working with high-resolution fluorescence microscopy: Biocompatible molecular rulers are available for the first time to calibrate the latest super-resolution microscopy methods.

phys.org

New design achieves 10-fold better resolution for functional MRI brain imaging

An intense international effort to improve the resolution of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for studying the human brain has culminated in an ultra-high resolution 7 Tesla scanner that records up to 10 times more detail than current 7T scanners and over 50 times more detail than current 3T...

medicalxpress.com

Electric street

E&E News: New technology under Detroit streets can charge EVs as they drive

The technology belongs to an Israel-based developer of wireless charging solutions for electric vehicles. The company has contracts for roads in Israel, Sweden, Italy and Germany.

subscriber.politicopro.com

 

[Rhinocrates]

This week, however, researchers report that with a new artificial intelligence (AI), they have predicted the ingredients and properties of another 2.2 million materials. In a companion study, a separate team has shown that such predicted materials can be made efficiently, again with the help of AI.

[...]

A different kind of AI might help synthesize more of GNoME’s predictions, another paper this week in Nature suggests. Researchers at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, led by materials scientist Gerbrand Ceder, recently built an AI-driven robotics lab to make predicted new materials. Now, he and his colleagues report that this setup quickly learned to refine recipes for synthesizing new compounds predicted by the Materials Project algorithm. In 17 days, the robots successfully synthesized 41 materials out of 58 they attempted.

https://www.science.org/content/article/materials-predicting-ai-deepmind-could-revolutionize-electronics-batteries-and-solar

A Google AI has discovered 2.2m materials unknown to science

Zillions of possible crystals exist. AI can help catalogue them

www.economist.com

 

[bobbymike]

Physicists 'entangle' individual molecules for the first time, hastening possibilities for quantum computing

For the first time, a team of Princeton physicists have been able to link together individual molecules into special states that are quantum mechanically "entangled." In these bizarre states, the molecules remain correlated with each other—and can interact simultaneously—even if they are miles...

phys.org

 

[publiusr]

Materials mapping

Engineers tackle hard-to-map class of materials

The properties that make materials like semiconductors so sought after result from the way their atoms are connected, and insight into these atomic configurations can help scientists design new materials or use existing materials in new, unforeseen ways.

phys.org

Generative model unveils secrets of material disorder

National University of Singapore (NUS) scientists have utilized generative machine learning models to explore the different methods in which atoms between adjacent crystals in a piezoelectric material, which are materials that generate a small electrical voltage upon application of mechanical...

phys.org

Gold

Detoxifying gold mining

Jacqueline "Jackie" Gerson knows very well how "artisanal gold mining" sounds to people who haven't heard the phrase before.

phys.org

Fantastic Voyage

Researchers steer microvehicles through blood vessels in the mouse brain using ultrasound

ETH Zurich researchers have shown for the first time that microvehicles can be steered through blood vessels in the brains of mice using ultrasound. They hope that this will eventually lead to treatments capable of delivering drugs with pinpoint precision. Their study is published in Nature...

phys.org

Shape-changing helical microswimmers could revolutionize biomedical applications

Artificial helical microswimmers with shape-morphing capabilities and adaptive locomotion are promising for precision medicine and noninvasive surgery. However, current fabrication methods are slow and limited.

phys.org

Small propellers

Spinning up control: Propeller shape helps direct nanoparticles, researchers say

Self-propelled nanoparticles could potentially advance drug delivery and lab-on-a-chip systems—but they are prone to go rogue with random, directionless movements. Now, an international team of researchers has developed an approach to rein in the synthetic particles.

phys.org

Bubble, bubble

Engineered surface helps boiled bubbles jump to carry more heat

Water is often the go-to resource for heat transfer, being used in large-scale cooling operations like data centers that power the internet and nuclear power plants that power cities. Discovering dynamic phenomena to make water-based heat transfer more energy and cost-efficient is the ongoing...

phys.org

Unexpected discovery at the air-water interface for CO₂ reaction impacting geophysical and biological cycles

Ocean acidification, mammal respiration, and aerosol formation all depend on chemistry that occurs at air-water interfaces. In new research, scientists from the Department of Energy's Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Berkeley Lab) have discovered which pathway carbon dioxide (CO2)...

phys.org

Flow turbulence

Researchers quantify the onset of turbulence in a pipe bent back on itself

How much stress do pipes undergo when a liquid flows through them, and how does it depend on the degree of curvature of the pipe?

phys.org

Rusted down to monopoles?

Diamonds and rust help unveil 'impossible' quasi-particles

Researchers have discovered magnetic monopoles—isolated magnetic charges—in a material closely related to rust, a result that could be used to power greener and faster computing technologies.

phys.org

Rainbows

Chemists create organic molecules in a rainbow of colors that could be useful as organic light-emitting diodes

Chains of fused carbon-containing rings have unique optoelectronic properties that make them useful as semiconductors. These chains, known as acenes, can also be tuned to emit different colors of light, which makes them good candidates for use in organic light-emitting diodes.

phys.org

Inducing magnetism

Magnetizing an iron-vanadium alloy with laser pulses sheds light on a promising phenomenon

To magnetize an iron nail, one simply has to stroke its surface several times with a bar magnet. Yet, there is a much more unusual method: A team led by the Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR) discovered some time ago that a certain iron alloy can be magnetized with ultrashort laser pulses.

phys.org

On/off in trillionths of a second: Optically controlled magnetic fields

Physicists at the University of Duisburg-Essen and their cooperating partners have discovered that tiny graphene sheets can become electromagnets under infrared radiation. The study is published in the journal Nature Communications.

phys.org

Study shows precise control of colloids through magnetism is possible

Bayreuth researchers have found ways to control tiny particles in liquids using magnetic patterns. The research results have now been published in Nature Communications under the title "Simultaneous and independent topological control of identical microparticles in non-periodic energy landscapes."

phys.org

Optical storage

Optical data storage breakthrough increases capacity of diamonds by circumventing the diffraction limit

Physicists at The City College of New York have developed a technique with the potential to enhance optical data storage capacity in diamonds. This is possible by multiplexing the storage in the spectral domain. The research by Richard G. Monge and Tom Delord, members of the Meriles Group in...

phys.org

Zap that food

Lightning sparks scientists' design of ultraviolet-C device for food sanitization

Scientists at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign have developed a portable, self-powered ultraviolet-C device called the Tribo-sanitizer that can inactivate two of the bacteria responsible for many foodborne illnesses and deaths.

techxplore.com

Examination of surfaces

Engineers develop a way to determine how the surfaces of materials behave

Designing new compounds or alloys whose surfaces can be used as catalysts in chemical reactions can be a complex process relying heavily on the intuition of experienced chemists. A team of researchers at MIT has devised a new approach using machine learning, that removes the need for intuition...

phys.org

Making extremely thin lubricating films predictable: Extension of the Reynolds equation by a non-linear wall slip law

When an electric vehicle accelerates, the motor generates maximum forces and enormous pressures act on the gears of the electric drivetrain. Surface meets surface, metal meets metal. If there were no lubricating film to allow the gears to slide more easily, they would not only become extremely...

phys.org

Growing biofilms actively alter host environment, study reveals

Dental plaque, gut bacteria and the slippery sheen on river rocks are all examples of biofilms, organized communities of microorganisms that colonize our bodies and the world around us. A recent study led by Penn State researchers reveals exactly how growing biofilms shape their environments and...

phys.org

Luttinger's theorem at the core of topological matter

In 1960, Joaquin Luttinger introduced a universal statement that relates the total number of particles that a system can accommodate to its behavior under low-energy excitations. While Luttinger's theorem is readily verified in systems of independent particles, it also holds true in correlated...

phys.org

Researchers show excited electrons straightening the skewed lattice of perovskite nanocrystals

Researchers from ETH Zurich, Empa and Stanford have taken snapshots of the crystal structure of perovskite nanocrystals as it was deformed by excited electrons. To their surprise, the deformation straightened out the skewed crystal structure rather than making it more disordered.

phys.org

New 2D materials and more

Atomically precise assembly of 2D materials paves way for next-generation electronics

Researchers at the University of Manchester have made a breakthrough in the transfer of 2D crystals, paving the way for their commercialization in next-generation electronics. This technique, detailed in a recent Nature Electronics article, utilizes a fully inorganic stamp to create the cleanest...

phys.org

A superconducting junction made from a single 2D material promises to harness strange new physics

Physicists at RIKEN have developed an electronic device that hosts unusual states of matter, which could one day be useful for quantum computation.

phys.org

Conjoined 'racetracks' make new optical device possible

When we last checked in with Caltech's Kerry Vahala three years ago, his lab had recently reported the development of a new optical device called a turnkey frequency microcomb that has applications in digital communications, precision time keeping, spectroscopy, and even astronomy.

phys.org

Polaritons open up a new lane on the semiconductor highway

On the highway of heat transfer, thermal energy is moved by way of quantum particles called phonons. But at the nanoscale of today's most cutting-edge semiconductors, those phonons don't remove enough heat. That's why Purdue University researchers are focused on opening a new nanoscale lane on...

phys.org

Research investigates thermal impact of 3D stacking photonic and electronic chips

Recent advancements in AI and more specifically large language models such as ChatGPT have put a strain on data centers. AI models require huge amounts of data to train, and in order to move data between the processing units and memory, efficient communication links become necessary.

phys.org

Concrete

Veins of bacteria could form a self-healing system for concrete infrastructure

In hopes of producing concrete structures that can repair their cracks, researchers from Drexel University's College of Engineering are putting a new twist on an old trick for improving the durability of concrete.

techxplore.com

Recycling and CO2 news

Polyethylene waste could be a thing of the past

An international team of experts undertaking fundamental research has developed a way of using polyethylene waste (PE) as a feedstock and converted it into valuable chemicals, via light-driven photocatalysis.

phys.org

Time-tested magnesium oxide: Unveiling CO₂ absorption dynamics

Magnesium oxide is a promising material for capturing carbon dioxide directly from the atmosphere and injecting it deep underground to limit the effects of climate change. But making the method economical will require discovering the speed at which carbon dioxide is absorbed and how...

phys.org

Energy news

24/7 solar towers could double energy output

If you want to improve the output of solar energy systems, why not also run them at night? That's the question researchers in Qatar and Jordan addressed as they successfully devised a system that promises to more than double energy output of current solar power stations.

techxplore.com

Harvesting water from air with solar power

More than 2.2 billion people currently live in water-stressed countries, and the United Nations estimates that 3.5 million die every year from water-related diseases. Because the areas most in need of improved drinking water are also located in some of the sunniest places in the world, there is...

techxplore.com

Researchers use wood materials to create reliable organic solar cells

One of nature's most common organic materials—lignin—can be used to create stable and environmentally friendly organic solar cells. Researchers at Linköping University and the Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) have now shown that untreated kraft lignin can be used to make solar cells even more...

techxplore.com

Recent advances in built-in electric-field-assisted photocatalytic dry reforming of methane

Methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) are the two main greenhouse gases that cause global warming. Dry reforming of methane (DRM) technology can simultaneously utilize two greenhouse gases to produce hydrogen (H2) and carbon monoxide (CO), meaning DRM is one of the ideal strategies for reducing...

phys.org

Scientists develop a new high-efficiency mercury removal photocatalyst

Scientists from Shanghai University of Electric Power of College of Energy and Mechanical Engineering have developed a new high-efficiency mercury removal photocatalyst.

phys.org

Neutron scattering study points the way to electrochemical for carbon-neutral ammonia

Scientists from Stanford University and the Department of Energy's Oak Ridge National Laboratory are turning air into fertilizer without leaving a carbon footprint. Their discovery could deliver a much-needed solution to help meet worldwide carbon-neutral goals by 2050.

phys.org

Bimetallic alloy nanocatalyst boosts efficient ammonia production with potential for carbon-free energy

Ammonia (NH3) is regarded as a promising carbon-free energy carrier, but its energy-intensive production process still challenges global scientists. A research team led by City University of Hong Kong (CityU) recently engineered a bimetallic alloy as an ultrathin nanocatalyst that can deliver...

phys.org

Study identifies key ingredient for affordable fuel cell catalysts

To make fuel cells more affordable, researchers have spent decades searching for low-cost catalysts to replace platinum and other expensive metals.

phys.org

Researchers design limestone putty nanogenerator to harvest energy from everyday motion to power small devices

Researchers at The University of Alabama in Huntsville (UAH) have created a new kind of triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) that produces electricity through the use of limestone putty, promising considerable cost savings over conventional manufacturing methods.

phys.org

Investigation of degradation mechanism for all-solid-state batteries takes another step toward commercialization

Often referred to as the "dream batteries," all-solid-state batteries are the next generation of batteries that many battery manufacturers are competing to bring to market. Unlike lithium-ion batteries, which use a liquid electrolyte, all components, including the electrolyte, anode, and cathode...

techxplore.com

New method tracks physical processes inside both liquid and solid parts of Li-ion batteries

What if you could charge your electric vehicle in the same amount of time it takes to fill a tank of gas? In a new paper published in Joule, researchers from McGill University and the University of Quebec in Montreal (UQAM) announced the development of a novel method that enables researchers to...

techxplore.com

Protecting the Grid

Protecting power grids from space weather

Activity from the sun, such as solar flares, can cause fluctuations in Earth's geomagnetic field that send electrical currents flowing through power grids. These geomagnetically induced currents (GICs) can cause problems ranging from temporary voltage instability to widespread blackouts to...

phys.org

AI approach offers solutions to tricky optimization problems, from global package routing to power grid operation

While Santa Claus may have a magical sleigh and nine plucky reindeer to help him deliver presents, for companies like FedEx, the optimization problem of efficiently routing holiday packages is so complicated that they often employ specialized software to find a solution.

techxplore.com

Sensor tech

Research enables high-resolution imaging of moving objects using Fourier ptychographic imaging

Recently, a research team led by Prof. Wang Yingjian at Hefei Institutes of Physical Science (HFIPS) of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), proposed an efficient method to implement Fourier ptychographic imaging technology for moving objects, which successfully achieved high-resolution imaging of...

phys.org

X-ray method enables micron-resolution imaging of living organisms over long time periods

Researchers have developed an X-ray imaging technique that can produce detailed images of living organisms with a much lower X-ray dose than previously possible. The advance enables small organisms or other sensitive samples to be studied at high resolution over much longer periods, which could...

phys.org

Q&A: Unveiling a new era of imaging—engineers lead breakthrough microscopy techniques

When microscopes struggle to pick up faint signals, it's like trying to spot subtle details in a painting or photograph without your glasses. For researchers, this makes it difficult to catch the small things happening in cells or other materials. In new research, Boston University Moustakas...

phys.org

'Doughnut' beams help physicists see incredibly small objects

In a new study published in Optica, researchers at the University of Colorado Boulder have used doughnut-shaped beams of light to take detailed images of objects too tiny to view with traditional microscopes.

phys.org

Bowtie resonators that build themselves bridge the gap between nanoscopic and macroscopic

A central goal in quantum optics and photonics is to increase the strength of the interaction between light and matter to produce, for example, better photodetectors or quantum light sources. The best way to do that is to use optical resonators that store light for a long time, making it...

phys.org

Breakthrough in coherent two-photon LIDAR overcomes range limitations

New research has unveiled an advancement in Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR) technology, offering unparalleled sensitivity and precision in measuring the distance of remote objects.

phys.org

Researchers create first supermirrors in mid-infrared range

An international team of researchers from Austria, the United States and Switzerland have created the first supermirrors in the mid-infrared range. These mirrors are a key technology for many applications, such as optical spectroscopy of greenhouse gases or industrial lasers for cutting and...

phys.org

A novel microscope operates on the quantum state of single electrons

Physicists at the University of Regensburg have found a way to manipulate the quantum state of individual electrons using a microscope with atomic resolution. The results of the study have now been published in the journal Nature.

phys.org

NASA engineers push limits of physics to focus light

A pair of precision-orbiting small satellites will attempt to capture the first views ever of small-scale features near the surface of the sun that scientists believe drive the heating and acceleration of solar wind.

phys.org

A method to resolve quantum interference between photoionization pathways with attosecond resolution

The field of attosecond physics was established with the mission of exploring light–matter interactions at unprecedented time resolutions. Recent advancements in this field have allowed physicists to shed new light on the quantum dynamics of charge carriers in atoms and molecules

phys.org

New wearable communication system offers potential to reduce digital health divide

Wearable devices that use sensors to monitor biological signals can play an important role in health care. These devices provide valuable information that allows providers to predict, diagnose and treat a variety of conditions while improving access to care and reducing costs.

medicalxpress.com

Advancements make laser-based imaging simpler and three-dimensional

There are times when scientific progress comes in the form of discovering something completely new. Other times, progress boils down to doing something better, faster, or more easily. New research from the lab of Caltech's Lihong Wang, the Bren Professor of Medical Engineering and Electrical...

medicalxpress.com

Wastewater reclaimed

Researchers use AI to identify toxic substances in wastewater with greater accuracy and speed

An interdisciplinary research team from the University of Waterloo is using artificial intelligence (AI) to identify microplastics faster and more accurately than ever before.

phys.org

 

[bobbymike]

DNA-folding nanorobots can manufacture limitless copies of themselves

Researchers have demonstrated a programmable nano-scale robot, made from a few strands of DNA, that's capable of grabbing other snippets of DNA, and positioning them together to manufacture new UV-welded nano-machines – including copies of itself.

newatlas.com

 

[publiusr]

Tough substance

Newly created ultra-hard material rivals diamond

Scientists have solved a decades-long puzzle and unveiled a near unbreakable substance that could rival diamond as the hardest material on Earth. The research is published in the journal Advanced Materials.

phys.org

Rubber

Rubber that doesn't grow cracks when stretched many times

Researchers from the Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences (SEAS) have increased the fatigue threshold of particle-reinforced rubber, developing a new, multiscale approach that allows the material to bear high loads and resist crack growth over repeated use. This...

phys.org

Welding metal foam

Researchers find way to weld metal foam without melting its bubbles

Researchers at North Carolina State University have now identified a welding technique that can be used to join composite metal foam (CMF) components together without impairing the properties that make CMF desirable. CMFs hold promise for a wide array of applications because the pockets of air...

techxplore.com

New fibers

New conductive, cotton-based fiber developed for smart textiles

A single strand of fiber developed at Washington State University has the flexibility of cotton and the electric conductivity of a polymer, called polyaniline.

phys.org

Materials research

A promising pairing: Scientists demonstrate new combination of materials for quantum science

Quantum information scientists are always on the hunt for winning combinations of materials, materials that can be manipulated at the molecular level to reliably store and transmit information. Following a recent proof-of-principle demonstration, researchers are adding a new combination of...

phys.org

Crystal language empowers AI to design novel materials with desired properties

Over the past decade, generative deep learning models have been applied successfully to the design of novel drug molecules, organic synthesis routes, and functional molecules tailored for electronic/optoelectronic devices. This is largely enabled by the availability of SMILES representation for...

phys.org

AI method for describing soft matter opens up new chapter in density functional theory

Scientists from Bayreuth have developed a new method for studying liquid and soft matter using artificial intelligence. In a study now published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, they open up a new chapter in density functional theory.

phys.org

High-performance quantum dot photosensor needs no external power source

Professor Ji-woong Yang at the Department of Energy Science and Engineering, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology has successfully developed the world's highest-performance eco-friendly quantum dot photosensor that does not require any external power source.

phys.org

Embedding nanodiamonds in polymer can advance quantum computing and biological studies

A nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center is a defect in the crystal structure of diamond, where a nitrogen atom replaces a carbon atom in the diamond lattice and a neighboring site in the lattice is vacant. This and other fluorescent defects in diamond, known as color centers, have attracted researchers'...

phys.org

Field-induced superconductivity in quantum materials

Field-induced superconductivity occurs when an applied magnetic field increases or induces superconductivity. In a new report published in Science Advances, Joshua J. Sanchez and a team of scientists applied stress as a switch between a field tunable superconducting state and a robust non-field...

phys.org

Zapping manure with special electrode promises an efficient method to produce fertilizers, other chemicals

An interdisciplinary team led by University of Wisconsin–Madison scientists has developed a new technique that could help farmers extract useful nutrients such as ammonia and potassium from livestock manure to efficiently make fertilizer and other useful chemical products.

phys.org

New research examines corrosion on atomic level

When water vapor meets metal, the resulting corrosion can lead to mechanical problems that harm a machine's performance. Through a process called passivation, it also can form a thin inert layer that acts as a barrier against further deterioration.

phys.org

New ways to make ordered wafer-scale chiral carbon nanotube architectures

Chiral materials interact with light in very precise ways that are useful for building better displays, sensors and more powerful devices. However, engineering properties such as chirality reliably at scale is still a significant challenge in nanotechnology.

phys.org

Transparent magnetic material

New method for creating transparent magnetic materials using laser heating

In a significant advancement in optical technology, researchers from Tohoku University and Toyohashi University of Technology have developed a new method for creating transparent magnetic materials using laser heating. This breakthrough, recently published in the journal Optical Materials...

phys.org

Discovery of magnetic liquid crystal: First direct observation of spin quadrupole moments in a spin-nematic phase

Liquid crystal is a state of matter that exhibits properties of both liquid and solid. It can flow like a liquid, while its constituent molecules are aligned as in a solid. Liquid crystal is widely used nowadays, for example, as a core element of LCD devices.

phys.org

tiny shells

Scientists create tunable shells to encapsulate tiny droplets

Scientists at the Indian Institute of Science (IISc) have developed a novel technique to encapsulate liquid droplets used for various applications, including single crystal growth and cell culture.

phys.org

Glassy shell of microscopic algae inspires tiny ultrasound detectors for medical imaging

A multidisciplinary team of researchers from Skoltech has discovered the resonance frequencies of diatom frustules. These intricately structured silicon dioxide shells of single-celled microalgae provide a promising model for nature-inspired electronic and optical devices, such as tiny...

phys.org

New polymer film

Scientists develop a polymer film inspired by spider silk to connect biological tissues with electronic devices

A team of materials scientists affiliated with several institutions in Singapore and China has developed a spider-silk-inspired polymer film that may be used to connect biological tissues with an electronic device. Their results are reported in the journal Nature. The editors at Nature have...

phys.org

Cardboard foam

Upcycling leftover cardboard to make a new type of foam packaging

With the holiday season in full swing, gifts of all shapes and sizes are being shipped around the world. But all that packaging generates lots of waste, including cardboard boxes and plastic-based foam cushioning, such as Styrofoam. Rather than discard those boxes, researchers publishing in ACS...

techxplore.com

New roof tile

This adaptive roof tile can cut both heating and cooling costs

About half of an average American building's energy consumption is spent on heating and cooling. That's a lot of money spent, fossil fuel burned and strain on an aging energy infrastructure during times of severe temperatures.

techxplore.com

LOVAMAP

Measuring 3D pores for better wound healing

Biomedical engineers at Duke University have developed a method to identify and characterize the empty spaces between particles in any packed structure. By mapping out these empty spaces, researchers can better understand how cells and other phenomena will respond to their surroundings.

phys.org

Sharkskin

A new microfabrication strategy for multifunctional 3D artificial sharkskin

Sharks in nature swim at high speeds in a deep ocean due to their high drag reduction ability. Water flows around the sharkskin become disrupted by staggered and overlapping microscale structures named denticles. In addition to this surface roughness, water slips at a fluid-solid interface with...

phys.org

New antenna

Researchers develop world's first universal metasurface antenna for high-security 6G communications

A research team led by Professor Chan Chi-hou, Chair Professor of Electronic Engineering at City University of Hong Kong (CityU), achieved an unprecedented advance in antenna technology by making possible the manipulation of all five fundamental properties of electromagnetic waves through...

techxplore.com

New blue light research

This next generation blue light could potentially promote or hinder sleep on command

Blue light from LED lamps and consumer electronics can mess with your sleep because it disrupts production of the natural sleep hormone melatonin. Tinted glasses or displays in night mode can mask, but don't remove, a portion of the disruptive wavelengths. But now, researchers report in ACS...

medicalxpress.com

https://phys.org/news/2023-12-technique-photon.html

On jet fuel and energy news

https://techxplore.com/news/2023-12-economic-environmental-tradeoffs-involved-jet.html

https://techxplore.com/news/2023-12-electric-flare-stack-technology-significantly.html

https://phys.org/news/2023-12-one-pot-nanosheet-method-catalyzing-green.html

https://techxplore.com/news/2023-12-uranium-seawater-source-nuclear-fuel.html

https://techxplore.com/news/2023-12-green-hydrogen-cheaply-efficiently.html

https://phys.org/news/2023-12-fast-energy-saving-synthesis-method-electrocatalysts.html

https://phys.org/news/2023-12-scientists-large-scientific-facilities-synthesis.html

https://phys.org/news/2023-12-green-hydrogen-stability-iridium-catalysts.html

https://phys.org/news/2023-12-next-generation-nanocatalysts-revolutionize-electron.html

https://phys.org/news/2023-12-natural-gas-migrating-permafrost-methane.html

https://techxplore.com/news/2023-12-ai-hidden-sources-energy-underground.html

https://phys.org/news/2023-12-insight-electrochemical-reactionsadvancing-green-transition.html

https://phys.org/news/2023-12-captured-greenhouse-gases-cyclic-carbonates.html

https://techxplore.com/news/2023-12-breakthrough-production-green-carbon-monoxide.html

https://phys.org/news/2023-12-hydrate-based-method-desalination-technology.html

https://phys.org/news/2023-12-friction-requires-physics-principlesthere-ways.html

Explosives

https://phys.org/news/2023-12-thermal-expansion-characteristics-tatb-based-polymer.html

Particle accelerator check

https://phys.org/news/2023-12-ai-algorithm-mile-long-particle-healthy.html

The star search

https://phys.org/news/2023-12-positions-stars-ancient-device.html

 

[Nicknick]

Allready some years old and it might be a bit boring compared to spectacular futuristic materials, but nevertheless these here could be extremly helpfull for any engineer:

Friction Inserts: increase the friction coefficient

Freudenberg Friction Inserts are the essential friction washers for powertrain, chassis and engine. Transmit up to 5x higher torque to secure bolted joints, reduce NVH and be ready for downsizing.

www.freudenberg-pm.com

I'm not sure, but I suspect the nonwoven carrier material could be an aerogel. The carrier material can be compressed to less than one µ, so it has to be something like that.

 

[publiusr]

This week in tech

3D atomic details of next-generation medium- and high-entropy alloys revealed for first time

Alloys, which are materials such as steel that are made by combining two or more metallic elements, are among the underpinnings of contemporary life. They are essential for buildings, transportation, appliances and tools—including, very likely, the device you are using to read this story. In...

phys.org

Research unveils Rubik's cube-like Heusler materials with potential for thermoelectric applications

Researchers from the Hefei Institutes of Physical Science of the Chinese Academy of Sciences have designed Slater-Pauling (S-P) Heusler materials with a unique structure resembling a Rubik's cube. These materials exhibit semiconductor-like properties and have potential in thermoelectric...

phys.org

Research team designs a novel catalyst system for CO₂ conversion

Research groups around the world are developing technologies to convert carbon dioxide (CO2) into raw materials for industrial applications. Most experiments under industrially relevant conditions have been carried out with heterogeneous electrocatalysts, i.e., catalysts that are in a different...

phys.org

An integrated approach to discovering stable and low cost electrocatalysts

A group of researchers has investigated whether data mining could accelerate the identification of low-cost metal oxide electrocatalysts, speeding up the world's transition away from fossil fuels.

phys.org

An advanced computational tool for understanding quantum materials

Researchers at the University of Chicago's Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering (PME), Argonne National Laboratory, and the University of Modena and Reggio Emilia have developed a new computational tool to describe how the atoms within quantum materials behave when they absorb and emit light.

phys.org

Adding a small amount of solid carbon to copper boosts its conductivity

A common carbon compound is enabling remarkable performance enhancements when mixed in just the right proportion with copper to make electrical wires. It's a phenomenon that defies conventional wisdom about how metals conduct electricity.

phys.org

Team develops transistors with sliding ferroelectricity based on polarity-switchable molybdenum disulfide

Over the past few years, engineers have been trying to devise alternative hardware designs that would allow a single device to both perform computations and store data. These emerging electronics, known as computing-in-memory devices, could have numerous advantages, including faster speeds and...

phys.org

New material allows for better hydrogen-based batteries and fuel cells

Researchers led by Genki Kobayashi at the RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research in Japan have developed a solid electrolyte for transporting hydride ions (H−) at room temperature.

techxplore.com

Controlling thermoelectric conversion in magnetic materials by magnetization direction

The National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS) has succeeded in directly observing the "anisotropic magneto-Thomson effect," a phenomenon in which the heat absorption/release proportional to an applied temperature difference and charge current (i.e., Thomson effect) changes anisotropically...

phys.org

Researchers create first programmable, logical quantum processor

Harvard researchers have realized a key milestone in the quest for stable, scalable quantum computing, an ultra-high-speed technology that will enable game-changing advances in a variety of fields, including medicine, science, and finance.

techxplore.com

Researchers develop all-optical switches that could lead to faster computer processors

Conventional computer processors have pretty much maxed out their "clock speeds"—a measurement of how fast they can toggle on and off—due to the limitations of electronic switching. Scientists looking to improve computer processors have become intrigued by the potential of all-optical switching...

phys.org

New ultra-high speed processor to advance AI, driverless vehicles and more

A team of international scientists have developed an ultra-high speed signal processor that can analyze 400,000 real time video images concurrently, according to a paper published in Communications Engineering.

techxplore.com

1-bit CPU for ‘super low-performance computer’ launched – sells out promptly

Device is programmed with DIP switches to operate an LED. That's it.

www.tomshardware.com

Breakthrough technology amplifies terahertz waves for 6G communication

A team of researchers, led by Professor Hyong-Ryeol Park from the Department of Physics at UNIST has introduced a technology capable of amplifying terahertz (THz) electromagnetic waves by over 30,000 times. This breakthrough, combined with artificial intelligence (AI) based on physical models...

techxplore.com

Not so ugly sweaters

A sweater made from new aerogel fiber tests warmer than one made from down

A team of chemical engineers and materials scientists at Zhejiang University in China has developed a new type of aerogel fiber that has proven to be warmer than down when woven into a sweater. In their paper published in the journal Science, the group describes the inspiration for their fibers...

phys.org

Watch that cork

Eye specialists warn of possible eye injuries due to corks rocketing from pressurized bottles

A small team of eye specialists from the University of Cambridge, the University of Michigan Kellogg Eye Center, University College Dublin School of Medicine and Texas A&M College of Medicine is warning of possible eye injuries as many bottles of champagne are opened over the holiday season. In...

medicalxpress.com

Clarified at last: The physics of popping champagne

When you uncork a bottle of champagne, complex supersonic phenomena occur. Scientists at TU Wien have now been able to calculate exactly what happens for the first time.

phys.org

Water dragon

Scientists develop 'flying dragon' robot to fight fires from a distance

Imagine a flying dragon that doesn't spout fire, but instead extinguishes it with blasts of water. Thanks to a team of Japanese researchers, this new kind of beast may soon be recruited to firefighter teams around the world, to help put out fires that are too dangerous for their human teammates...

techxplore.com

 

[bobbymike]

Say Hello to the Toughest Material on Earth

Scientists have measured the highest toughness ever recorded, of any material, while investigating a metallic alloy made of chromium, cobalt, and nickel. Not only is the metal exceptionally strong and ductile, its properties become enhanced as it gets colder. This runs counter to most other...

newscenter.lbl.gov

 

[publiusr]

That’s a good one for cryogenics storage. Maybe a dedicated depot that never returns from LEO.

Stretchy stuff

Developing a futuristic elastomer with ultrahigh strain-induced crystallization

Strain-induced crystallization can strengthen, toughen, and facilitate an elastocaloric effect in elastomers. The resulting crystallinity can be induced by mechanical stretching in common elastomers that are typically below 20%, with a stretchability plateau.

phys.org

Reusing plastic waste to kickstart radical chain reactions, improving process safety and efficiency

Single-use plastics are a major environmental concern, but now, rather than being disposed of as garbage, used plastic bags from the grocery store could be utilized to carry out a reaction that can detoxify hazardous chemicals.

phys.org

Strategies for environmentally friendly and sustainable polyamide production

Global industries focused on carbon neutrality, under the slogan Net-Zero, are gaining increasing attention. In particular, research on the microbial production of polymers, replacing traditional chemical methods with biological approaches, is actively progressing.

phys.org

“Active matter”

Molecules exhibit non-reciprocal interactions without external forces, new study finds

Researchers from the University of Maine and Penn State discovered that molecules experience non-reciprocal interactions without external forces.

phys.org

For electronics

Piezo composites with carbon fibers for motion sensors

An international research group has engineered a novel, high-strength flexible device by combining piezoelectric composites with unidirectional carbon fiber (UDCF), an anisotropic material that provides strength only in the direction of the fibers. The new device transforms kinetic energy from...

techxplore.com

A logical magic state with fidelity beyond distillation threshold realized on superconducting quantum processor

Quantum computers have the potential to outperform conventional computers on some tasks, including complex optimization problems. However, quantum computers are also vulnerable to noise, which can lead to computational errors.

phys.org

Engineers pair laser light to crystal lattice vibrations to enhance optical properties of 2D material

Engineers at Columbia University and theoretical collaborators at the Max Planck for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter have found that pairing laser light to crystal lattice vibrations can enhance the nonlinear optical properties of a layered 2D material. The research is published in the...

phys.org

High-sensitivity terahertz detection by 2D plasmons in transistors

A research group from Tohoku University and RIKEN has developed a high-speed, high-sensitivity terahertz-wave detector operating at room temperature, paving the way for advancements in the development of next generation 6G/7G technology.

phys.org

Researchers develop 'electronic soil' that enhances crop growth

Barley seedlings grow on average 50% more when their root system is stimulated electrically through a new cultivation substrate. In a study published in the journal PNAS, researchers from Linköping University have developed an electrically conductive "soil" for soilless cultivation, known as...

phys.org

A 3D magnesiophilic substrate enables planar electroplating/stripping of magnesium metal anode

As a promising candidate to current lithium-ion batteries, rechargeable magnesium batteries have attracted extensive attention due to the superior properties of magnesium (Mg) metal anodes, such as high volumetric capacity (3,833 mAh/cm3), abundant resources, environmental friendliness, and...

phys.org

New foam

In quest to prevent debilitating traumatic brain injuries, new foam material rises to the top

From falls to football tackles, most blows to the head occur at odd angles. And those impacts trigger simultaneous linear and rotational head motions. The rotating movement in particular causes shear strain, which is especially damaging to the brain.

phys.org

 

[Michel Van]

Molybdenene is the first metallic 2D material.
Like graphene, it's one atom thick and has exceptional properties and could serve as a novel catalyst.
And, it can be made in a microwave

Microwave synthesis of molybdenene from MoS2 - Nature Nanotechnology

A free-standing two-dimensional sheet composed solely of Mo atoms shows metallic character, with an electrical conductivity of ~940 S m−1.

www.nature.com

source: X