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New Counter-Drone Weapon Works from a Distance
New Counter-Drone Weapon Works from a Distance
Solid State Laser News
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Very interesting.New Counter-Drone Weapon Works from a Distance
New Counter-Drone Weapon Works from a Distancewww.nationaldefensemagazine.org
The article states "What was novel about the demonstration of AIM Defence’s Fractl counter-drone system was the operator was sitting at a booth at the Indo Pacific 2023 International Maritime Exposition in Sydney, and the target drone was 900 kilometers away at a range in Melbourne. The system used the convention center's Wi-Fi to connect with the targeting and laser hardware that shot down the drone."
I hope they just use commercial Wi-Fi for demos and don't plan to use commercial Wi-Fi for the real system deployment since it would be too susceptible to jamming or hacking.
nLight agrees megawatt laser weapon deal
07 Nov 2023US Department of Defense award doubles value of existing contract to $171 million.
https://optics.org/news/14/11/9
"The high-power diode and fiber laser manufacturer nLight says that it will now receive $171 million from the US military to develop a megawatt-scale laser weapon - double the total originally awarded.
Back in May the Camas, Washington state, company announced details of an $86 million contract with the Office of the Under Secretary of Defense (OUSD), for its High Energy Laser Scaling Initiative (HELSI) project.
Additional options in the original award have now been triggered, with the second phase of the project aiming to scale the coherent beam combined architecture from 300 kilowatts, which was achieved in the initial phase, to 1 megawatt.
“This laser will be delivered in a rugged conex-compatible form factor with optional space allocations to upgrade with precision long-range tracking and adaptive optics technology,” announced the firm.
Jeff Barchers, the president of nLight’s defense systems business unit, added: “Our technology’s ability to scale power and correct for atmospheric turbulence enables nLight to deliver high-intensity beams that are precisely directed to long-range targets, maximizing the effectiveness of the laser."
Forest Green
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It's finally getting to the level where 'game-changing' options become available.
If megawatt class laser output power is achieved with fiber laser weapons within the next few years, which seems likely, then at long last we'll be on par with the output power achieved with the Mid-Infrared Advanced Chemical Laser (MIRACL) in 1980, but in a deployable form factor.
That will be 'game-changing' for tactical applications, but I think at least another order-of-magnitude increase in output power above that will be needed to be 'game-changing' for strategic defense applications.
On the small end
Photonics team develops high-performance ultrafast lasers that fit on a fingertip
Lasers are essential tools for observing, detecting, and measuring things in the natural world that we can't see with the naked eye. But the ability to perform these tasks is often restricted by the need to use expensive and large instruments.
phys.org
Chip-scale mode-locked lasers are certainly interesting and useful, but I don't understand Guo's statement in the article "'It could also enable futuristic chip-scale atomic clocks, which allows navigation when GPS is compromised or unavailable'" since chip-scale atomic clocks have been commercially available for many years - see for example https://www.microsemi.com/product-directory/embedded-clocks-frequency-references/5207-space-csac .On the small end
Photonics team develops high-performance ultrafast lasers that fit on a fingertip
Lasers are essential tools for observing, detecting, and measuring things in the natural world that we can't see with the naked eye. But the ability to perform these tasks is often restricted by the need to use expensive and large instruments.phys.org
From Wikipedia: "The first CSAC physics package was demonstrated at NIST in 2003,[1] based on an invention made in 2001.[2] The work was funded by the US Department of Defense's Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) with the goal of developing a microchip-sized atomic clock for use in portable equipment...At least one company, Microsemi, produces a version of the clock."
I could understand if Guo said they may enable more stable chip-scale atomic clocks (CSACs), since according to NIST "CSACs have found numerous applications in underwater oil and gas exploration, military navigation, and even telecommunications. However, the clocks’ timekeeping tends to drift when temperatures shift and the gas surrounding the atoms degrades.
'The CSAC is low-power and has high performance given its size. It’s a wonderful device, but it does drift after running for a few thousand seconds,” said William McGehee, a physicist at NIST.'" However, NIST also states, "Using microfabrication techniques learned from the CSAC, the group fabricated a chip-scale atomic beam device using a stack of etched silicon and glass layers. This device is a highly miniaturized version of the chambers that have been used in atomic beam clocks like NIST-7 and is about the size of a postage stamp...Right now, this chip-scale beam device is a prototype for a miniature atomic beam clock. Initial tests of the chip-scale beam clock showed performance at a level slightly worse than existing CSACs, but the team sees a path toward improved stability. The researchers hope to push their precision by another factor of 10, and to exceed the stability of existing CSACs by 100 times over week time scales." See https://www.nist.gov/news-events/ne...uld-bring-stable-timing-places-gps-cant-reach
Forest Green
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US seeks to fund Israeli laser as Army considers Iron Beam’s potential
The U.S. Army is eyeing Iron Beam as a possible alternative laser to augment its own fire protection capability.
www.defensenews.com
The article states, "The laser weapon portion of the IFPC system is being developed by Lockheed Martin and the Army awarded a contract to Lockheed last month to deliver two 300-kilowatt-class laser weapon systems for the IFPC prototypes program with an option for two additional units." (IFPC stands for Indirect Fire Protection Capability which is a U.S. Army program.)US seeks to fund Israeli laser as Army considers Iron Beam’s potential
The U.S. Army is eyeing Iron Beam as a possible alternative laser to augment its own fire protection capability.
Since the article mentions US-based RTX having worked with Israeli-based Rafael Advanced Defense Systems, it strikes me as strange that the article does not also mention that Lockheed Martin has already been involved in the Iron Beam development program for nearly a year as indicated by the following article: https://www.timesofisrael.com/lockh...eed Martin,and shoot down smaller projectiles.
The article dated 5 Dec 2022 at the link above states, "US defense contractor Lockheed Martin on Monday signed an agreement with the Israeli Rafael weapons manufacturer to join the development of a high-powered laser interception system, dubbed Iron Beam.
In a statement, Lockheed Martin said the cooperation would be geared toward developing, testing, and manufacturing a variant of the Iron Beam system for the American market as well as others."
Forest Green
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From phys.org
"Laser pulse compression by a density gradient plasma for exawatt to zettawatt lasers."
So that's what tibanna gas is for
Laser pulse compression by a density gradient plasma for exawatt to zettawatt lasers
A new method of creating laser pulses, more than 1,000 times as powerful as those currently in existence, has been proposed by scientists in the UK and South Korea.
Very interesting. I hope it works in accordance with their simulations when they test it in the lab.Laser pulse compression by a density gradient plasma for exawatt to zettawatt lasers
A new method of creating laser pulses, more than 1,000 times as powerful as those currently in existence, has been proposed by scientists in the UK and South Korea.phys.org
https://en.topwar.ru/228058-valkiri...kazyvaet-samoe-moschnoe-lazernoe-oruzhie.html
and
www.military.com
and
Ride of the Valkyries: The Army Is Getting the US Military's Most Powerful Laser Weapons Yet
The Army will receive a platoon of four Indirect Fire Protection Capability-High Energy Laser (IFPC-HEL) laser weapons, dubbed "Valkyrie," from defense contractor Lockheed Martin.
Forest Green
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There's a 1MW one in the mix too.
www.unmannedairspace.info
It's coming....
www.nextbigfuture.com
www.militaryaerospace.com
Northrop Grumman "on track to deliver 1 megawatt laser to the DoD" - Unmanned airspace
Northrop Grumman Corporation reports it has recently completed the preliminary design review for a high-energy laser prototype that will feature an architecture scalable to more
www.unmannedairspace.info
It's coming....
US targets a megawatt laser by 2023 and then deployment in drones and satellites for hypersonic and ICBM defense | NextBigFuture.com
The US Congress wants the Missile Defense Agency (MDA) to rapidly develop and demonstrate a boost-phase ICBM (and hypersonic weapon) intercept capability as
www.nextbigfuture.com
Military eyes prototype megawatt-class laser weapon for ballistic missile defense in next seven years
FORT BELVOIR, Va. – U.S. missile-defense researchers will brief industry later this month on a project to build a prototype megawatt-class laser weapon within the next seven years...
While interesting, those articles are rather old with the first one dated 11 July 2022, the second one dated 15 August 2018, and the third one dated 2 April 2019.There's a 1MW one in the mix too.
Northrop Grumman "on track to deliver 1 megawatt laser to the DoD" - Unmanned airspace
Northrop Grumman Corporation reports it has recently completed the preliminary design review for a high-energy laser prototype that will feature an architecture scalable to more
It's coming....
US targets a megawatt laser by 2023 and then deployment in drones and satellites for hypersonic and ICBM defense | NextBigFuture.com
The US Congress wants the Missile Defense Agency (MDA) to rapidly develop and demonstrate a boost-phase ICBM (and hypersonic weapon) intercept capability asMilitary eyes prototype megawatt-class laser weapon for ballistic missile defense in next seven years
FORT BELVOIR, Va. – U.S. missile-defense researchers will brief industry later this month on a project to build a prototype megawatt-class laser weapon within the next seven years...
I agree that 1 MW class laser weapons are coming, but the question is when.
The article from 2018 said the U.S. military's goal was to have a megawatt laser by 2023, which has not happened.
My earlier post with a link to a more recent article about nLight receiving funding to develop a megawatt-scale laser was dated 7 November 2023, and states "According to a recent US Congressional Research Service report on laser weapons, the US military's goal is to demonstrate a 500 kW system in 2025, and a megawatt-class system the following year. "Lasers of 1 MW could potentially neutralize ballistic missiles and hypersonic weapons," states that report."
We shall see if the 1 MW laser weapon by 2026 goal is achieved or if there will be further delays. Time will tell.
Forest Green
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View: https://twitter.com/masao_dahlgren/status/1724859326840422421?s=20
www.cnbc.com
Why the Pentagon is spending billions to bring laser weapons to the battlefield
The U.S. Department of Defense has been investing billions of dollars in lasers over the last decade. Will these new weapons change the battlefield?
Although the results achieved thus far in the research reported in the paper referenced in the phys.org article are impressive and promising, there are several further steps that need to be demonstrated.
The experiments were conducted at relatively low CW powers of less than 10W, so demonstrating scaling to higher powers needs to be done.
The experiments were conducted in passive fibers without optical gain, so demonstrating the SBS suppression and near diffraction limited output in fibers with high optical gain needs to be done.
The paper states, "The SLM patterns need to be constantly adjusted to stabilize the beam profile against temporal drift and fluctuations of the fiber...The wavefront optimization currently takes ~12 min," which was sufficient for stabilizing the beam profile for the fiber in the lab environment on an optical table for which the temporal drift was on the order of 0.5 to 3 hours according to the paper, but this would be insufficient for the operational environment of a fielded system. Thus, faster wavefront optimization needs to be demonstrated.
Typically research at the stage of that reported in this paper takes at least about five years to transition to military fielded systems assuming that sufficient funding for the remaining development and testing is provided over that time period.
Is the "scuttlebutt" newer than the discredited reports already discussed in this thread starting on 16 Oct 2023?
See https://www.c4isrnet.com/battlefiel...ailthru&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=dfn-dnr
Forest Green
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20th Nov 2023:
High-power fiber lasers emerge as a pioneering technology
Optical scientists have found a new way to significantly increase the power of fiber lasers while maintaining their beam quality, making them a future key defense technology against low-cost drones and for use in other applications such as remote sensing.
Forest Green
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Thanks for posting that document.
Please also post it to the "List All Weapons of SDI ?" thread at https://www.secretprojects.co.uk/threads/list-all-weapons-of-sdi.22275/
https://optics.org/news/14/11/44
US provider of high-energy sources selected for $34.5M project to integrate 50kW laser on combat vehicle.
"The 18-month award will see nLight’s lasers used in a 50 kilowatt-class weapon that is due to be integrated on board a “Stryker” combat vehicle, where it could eventually be used to destroy or disable threats such as drones, mortars, rockets, and other projectiles."
nLight wins another laser weapon contract
29 Nov 2023US provider of high-energy sources selected for $34.5M project to integrate 50kW laser on combat vehicle.
"The 18-month award will see nLight’s lasers used in a 50 kilowatt-class weapon that is due to be integrated on board a “Stryker” combat vehicle, where it could eventually be used to destroy or disable threats such as drones, mortars, rockets, and other projectiles."
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I apologize if this is considered a disturbing question but with all these stories of lasers of Xkw power I’m curious what could they do to a human say standing a hundred yards away?
Like the scene from the Bruce Willis movie the Jackal but using a laser could you cut someone’s arm off with 50kw? 100, 200kw? What would happen with a head shot?
Sorry I’m morbidly curious
Like the scene from the Bruce Willis movie the Jackal but using a laser could you cut someone’s arm off with 50kw? 100, 200kw? What would happen with a head shot?
Sorry I’m morbidly curious
Rhinocrates
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Depends, and my math skills are terrible, so I couldn't calculate, but google "pyroclastic flow" and "Pompeii" for a rough idea of what higher energy levels would do.
Mount Vesuvius Boiled Its Victims' Blood and Caused Their Skulls to Explode
A new study of residue on skeletons from the 79 A.D. eruption indicates Herculaneum was hit with a 400 to 900 degree pyroclastic flow
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Various projections abound for different beam widths:
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On the other hand...
en.wikipedia.org
medium.com
That was a fundamentally different device. He survived because it was extremely tightly focussed. The beam was like a needle.
A laser weapon doesn't need to be like that. Don't think of it as a kind of projectile weapon or lightsaber but something that pumps more energy into its target than it can cope with. The kind of narrowness in the beam to cut limbs off is unnecessary. You don't need to blow it up or cut it to pieces; just heat up the target until it suffers a catastrophic loss of structural integrity.
Think of the target as a thermal Mr Creosote (warning: NSFW).
View: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GxRnenQYG7I&t=122s
There are refinements, I've heard, such as pulsing the laser so that thermal expansion comes in waves and the resulting vibration breaks up the target.
Anatoli Bugorski - Wikipedia
Anatoli Bugorski, the Scientist Who Survived Being Stuck in a Particle Accelerator
Anatoli Bugorski is the only known person to have survived an intense proton beam passing through his head. Bugorski not only survived the…
That was a fundamentally different device. He survived because it was extremely tightly focussed. The beam was like a needle.
A laser weapon doesn't need to be like that. Don't think of it as a kind of projectile weapon or lightsaber but something that pumps more energy into its target than it can cope with. The kind of narrowness in the beam to cut limbs off is unnecessary. You don't need to blow it up or cut it to pieces; just heat up the target until it suffers a catastrophic loss of structural integrity.
Think of the target as a thermal Mr Creosote (warning: NSFW).
There are refinements, I've heard, such as pulsing the laser so that thermal expansion comes in waves and the resulting vibration breaks up the target.
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To Counter Laser Weapons, Air Force Creates Better Eye Protection
The Aircrew Laser Eye Protection Program is rolling out “Block 3” of Air Force protective eyewear to counter laser and ballistic threats.
www.airandspaceforces.com
Forest Green
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The 1986 "Invaders from Mars" had really nice haloed beams
In the news
A micro-ring resonator with big potential: Hybrid device significantly improves laser technology
The team at EPFL's Photonic Systems Laboratory (PHOSL) has developed a chip-scale laser source that enhances the performance of semiconductor lasers while enabling the generation of shorter wavelengths.
Replacing bone saws with smart lasers
Using lasers rather than scalpels and saws has many benefits in surgery. Yet they are only used in isolated cases. But that could be about to change: laser systems are getting smarter and better all the time, as a research team from the University of Basel demonstrates.
Researchers create first supermirrors in mid-infrared range
An international team of researchers from Austria, the United States and Switzerland have created the first supermirrors in the mid-infrared range. These mirrors are a key technology for many applications, such as optical spectroscopy of greenhouse gases or industrial lasers for cutting and...
Forest Green
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What about David Vincent and The Invaders 1966? You glow red and disappear. Fun fact - Gene Hackman had an appearance in an episode of that as an invader.
Raytheon to create DARPA's airborne "wireless internet for energy"
DARPA has tapped Raytheon to design and develop a wireless, airborne relay system to "deliver energy into contested environments," as part of its Energy Web Dominance program, in which DARPA wants to be able to power anything from nearly anywhere.
newatlas.com
Researchers create stable hybrid laser by 3D printing micro-optics onto fibers
For the first time, researchers have shown that 3D-printed polymer-based micro-optics can withstand the heat and power levels that occur inside a laser. The advance enables inexpensive, compact, and stable laser sources that would be useful in a variety of applications, including the lidar...
Research progress in pump-probe experiments at high-intensity laser facilities
The reaction kinetics of energetic materials is a key factor in determining the detonation characteristics and safety. The complexity of the reaction process and the lack of experimental means remain a notable challenge in experimental research and fine modeling. To accurately predict the...
Scientists invent ultrathin optical crystal for next-generation laser tech
A team of Chinese researchers used a novel theory to invent a new type of ultrathin optical crystal with high energy efficiency, laying the foundation for next-generation laser technology.
phys.org
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For a back of the envelope estimate, the fluence of a laser is F = P*t_dwell/A_b, where P = laser power at the target, t_dwell = dwell time on the target, and A_b = beam area at the target.
Assuming P = X kW = X kJ/s, t_dwell = 1 s, r_beam = 1 m so that A_b = pi*r_beam^2 = 3.14 m^2, yields
F = X kJ/3.14 m^2 = (X/3.14) kJ/m^2 = 0.1*(X/3.14) J/cm^2 = 0.03*X J/cm^2.
For X = 1 kW, F = 0.03 J/cm^2
For X = 10 kW, F = 0.3 J/cm^2
For X = 100 kW, F = 3 J/cm^2
For X = 300 kW, F = 9 J/cm^2
For X = 500 kW, F = 15 J/cm^2 (first degree burns - see below*)
For X = 1 MW, F = 30 J/cm^2 (second degree burns - see below*)
For X = 2 MW, F = 60 J/cm^2 (third degree burns - see below*)
For X = 5 MW, F = 150 J/cm^2 (all ignitable materials will flame - see below*)
For X = 15 MW, F = 450 J/cm^2 (exposed flesh flashes into steam, flaying exposed body areas to the bone - see below*)
One can use the above equation to get results for other laser powers, dwell times, and beam areas.
Note that if just the dwell time is changed to 5 seconds, then first degree burns start at a power on target of between about 67 kW and 134 kW. For 10 second dwell time, first degree burns start at a power on target of between about 33 kW and 67 kW.
If the beam were focused to a 0.1 m spot radius for a beam area of 0.0314 m^2 = 314 cm^2, then between about 3.2 kW and 6.3 kW dwelling for 1 s would be sufficient to produce first degree burns, and if the dwell time at those power levels were about doubled, then second degree burns could be induced.
* See http://panoptesv.com/SciFi/LaserDeathRay/Antipersonnel.html , which states
"The NATO HANDBOOK ON THE MEDICAL ASPECTS OF NBC DEFENSIVE OPERATIONS AMedP-6(B) PART I - NUCLEAR lists the radiant flux for various yields of nuclear explosives needed to ignite various fabrics, and notes that 'where the radiant thermal exposure exceeds 125 Joules/sq cm, almost all ignitable materials will flame.'
Details on the radiant intensity needed to cause burns to skin can be found in the Nuclear Weapons Frequently Asked Questions website. For flashes lasting between a fraction of a second and several seconds, between 35 J/cm2 and 50 J/cm2 is the threshold for third degree burns (burns which destroy the full thickness of the skin) while between 20 J/cm2 and 35 J/cm2 is the threshold for second degree burns (burns which destroy a partial thickness of the skin). The threshold for first degree burns is given as between 10 J/cm2 and 20 J/cm2. The same web page notes that at irradiances of roughly 400 J/cm2, the thermal radiation is sufficiently intense to "cause exposed flesh to flash into steam, flaying exposed body areas to the bone.'"
A step up in power
phys.org
"By adding a 2×2 coherently tiled titanium:sapphire high-energy laser amplifier in China's SULF or EU's ELI-NP, the current 10-petawatt can be further increased to 40-petawatt and the focused peak intensity can be increased by nearly 10 times or more," says Leng.
The method promises to enhance the experimental capability of ultra-intense ultrashort lasers for strong-field laser physics.
Against crows
phys.org
Imaging and lasers
techxplore.com
phys.org
phys.org
phys.org
phys.org
phys.org
phys.org
phys.org
phys.org
phys.org
phys.org
Breaking the 10-petawatt limit with a new laser amplification
Ultra-intense ultrashort lasers have a wide-ranging scope of applications, encompassing basic physics, national security, industrial service, and health care. In basic physics, such lasers have become a powerful tool for researching strong-field laser physics, especially for laser-driven...
"By adding a 2×2 coherently tiled titanium:sapphire high-energy laser amplifier in China's SULF or EU's ELI-NP, the current 10-petawatt can be further increased to 40-petawatt and the focused peak intensity can be increased by nearly 10 times or more," says Leng.
The method promises to enhance the experimental capability of ultra-intense ultrashort lasers for strong-field laser physics.
Against crows
Laser scarecrows could offer a sustainable solution for protecting crops from birds
Damage to crops caused by birds costs millions of dollars each year. Now, researchers from the University of Florida and the University of Rhode Island in the US are investigating the effectiveness of laser scarecrows—a high-tech solution using light to deter birds.
Imaging and lasers
Network combines 3D LiDAR and 2D image data to enable more robust detection of small objects
Robotics and autonomous vehicles are among the most rapidly growing domains in the technological landscape, potentially making work and transportation safer and more efficient. Since both robots and self-driving cars need to perceive their surroundings accurately, 3D object detection methods are...
Observing macroscopic quantum effects in the dark
Be fast, avoid light, and roll through a curvy ramp: This is the recipe for a pioneering experiment proposed by theoretical physicists in a recent paper published in Physical Review Letters. An object evolving in a potential created through electrostatic or magnetic forces is expected to rapidly...
Researchers use spinning metasurfaces to craft compact thermal imaging system
Researchers have developed a new technology that uses meta-optical devices to perform thermal imaging. The approach provides richer information about imaged objects, which could broaden the use of thermal imaging in fields such as autonomous navigation, security, thermography, medical imaging...
Quantum energy exchange: Exploring light fields and a quantum emitter
A new study in Physical Review Letters illuminates the intricacies of energy exchanges within bipartite quantum systems, offering profound insights into quantum coherence, pure dephasing effects, and the potential impact on future quantum technologies.
Ultra-short laser flashes on demand: Controllable light pulse pairs from a single-fiber laser
In an innovative approach to controlling ultrashort laser flashes, researchers from the Universities of Bayreuth and Konstanz are using soliton physics and two pulse combs within a single laser. The method has the potential to drastically speed up and simplify laser applications.
Scientists invent ultrathin optical crystal for next-generation laser tech
A team of Chinese researchers used a novel theory to invent a new type of ultrathin optical crystal with high energy efficiency, laying the foundation for next-generation laser technology.
Using 'Kerr solitons' to boost the power of transmission electron microscopes
When light goes through a material, it often behaves in unpredictable ways. This phenomenon is the subject of an entire field of study called "nonlinear optics," which is now integral to technological and scientific advances from laser development and optical frequency metrology, to...
Single-emitter super-resolved imaging of radiative decay rate enhancement in dielectric gap nanoantennas
In an era where understanding and manipulating light at the nanoscale is increasingly crucial, a paper in Light: Science & Applications reveals a significant leap forward.
Researchers look at thermal stabilization in photonic packages
Photonics offers various advantages, including enablement of high-speed and low-loss communication by leveraging light properties in optical data communication, biomedical applications, automotive technology, and artificial intelligence domains. These advantages are realized through complex...
Review covers optical aspects of quantitative photoacoustic tomography
Quantitative photoacoustic tomography (QPAT) is a medical imaging technique that combines laser-induced photoacoustic signals and ultrasound detection to create detailed three-dimensional images of biological tissues. The process involves irradiating biological tissues with short laser pulses...
Focused ion beam technology: A single tool for a wide range of applications
Processing materials on the nanoscale, producing prototypes for microelectronics or analyzing biological samples: The range of applications for finely focused ion beams is huge. Experts from the EU collaboration FIT4NANO have now reviewed the many options and developed a roadmap for the future.
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aonestudio
I really should change my personal text
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View: https://twitter.com/QinetiQ/status/1748272388989411682
www.gov.uk
Advanced future military laser achieves UK first
A military laser which could boost the UK Armed Forces with greater accuracy while reducing the reliance on high-cost ammunition has reached its next milestone.
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