JMR (Joint Multi-Role) & FVL (Future Vertical Lift) Programs

[H_K]

You misunderstood me. The X3 was the size and weight of an operational aircraft, being directly derived from the EC155. As a result, the data collected in terms of drag, vibration etc can now be carried over to an operational aircraft with few surprises from a scaling perspective. The biggest challenge they have right now is to productize the technology (weight reduction and lift/drag optimization), which is more straightforward.

The X2 meanwhile was not so useful from a risk reduction perspective as it was too small. Sikorsky cried victory too soon... now we are 10 years (and 1 crash) later, the S-97 has been flying for 5+ years and it still seems to be struggling to reliably break 200 knots.

 

[yasotay]

To my knowledge neither Sikorsky platform has sustained 205 knots TIAS in level flight. @tomcat - while not a great fan of the X3 as a tactical rotorcraft (a big bias against unprotected props around soldiers at night), I do think there are some viable missions it would do well in (MEDEVAC comes to mind). Having had the opportunity to see X3 when it was on its US tour, it certainly seemed robust enough for the job.

 

[TomcatViP]

@yasotay :

IMOHO the robust scent came from the Panther breed. Years after it is still an impressive design.

When I will see the X cruise 500 miles & do combat mission I think I would be ready to talk further

Cobra can dive 220kt by the way.

 

[yasotay]

I actually was privileged to fly that very aircraft in 1988 under the careful observation of Test Pilot Claude Gaud (sp) of then Eurocopter. It was the first time I had been upside down in a helicopter. Awesome maneuverability, power and visibility. I was absolutely awed at how well it responded. I was unconcerned with the fantastic maneuvers though as I was flying with a test pilot named "god".

 

[TomcatViP]

@yasotay :
That might have been an awesome flight.

Miles away from the SA 360

 

[TomcatViP]

U.S. Army awards contract to Bell Textron to conduct FARA design analysis

The U.S. Army Contracting Command has awarded Bell Textron Inc. multi-year production deal as part of the Future Attack Reconnaissance Aircraft program. The contract, announced Tuesday by the Department of Defense, is worth more than $13,5 million covers design studies, analyses, simulation...

defence-blog.com

That $13.5M contract is similar to the one for Sikorsky of $13M announced last month.

 

[fredymac]

Another CGI of Invictus. Its only on twitter and it seems video links to twitter don't work anymore.

There is also a picture from Bell's display in the Czech Republic and I was wondering about the missile/bomb looking exhibit behind the Venom/Viper models.

Twitter Video (hopefully)

https://twitter.com/x/status/1304114075941601286

Bell Exhibit/Czech Replubic

 

[TomS]

It's an AIM-9X seen from a slight angle, making the front end look narrower than it should. The photo is from Defense24.pl (https://www.defence24.pl/mspo-2020-bell-pokazuje-doswiadczenia-z-czech-i-walczy-o-polskie-smiglowce). Translated by Google, the article says:

The stand also presents models of the UH-1Y Venom and AH-1Z Viper helicopters, along with a full-size mock-up of the latest AIM-9X Sidewinder air-to-air missile currently being integrated on the Viper helicopter.

 

[fredymac]

Odd that the shape appears so different. Must be angle and lighting.

 

[TomS]

Odd that the shape appears so different. Must be angle and lighting.

The other distortion comes from the model helicopter blades that cut across the missile seeker and tail section. They create a bit of an optical illusion about the shape.

 

[sferrin]

Odd that the shape appears so different. Must be angle and lighting.

The other distortion comes from the model helicopter blades that cut across the missile seeker and tail section. They create a bit of an optical illusion about the shape.

I would not recommend flying near an AH-1Z with a pair of AIM-9Xs.

 

[TomcatViP]

@sferrin : Czechmate obviously
Running for cover...

 

[yasotay]

USAF Special Ops wants VTOL aircraft with ‘jet speed’ to replace CV-22

The US Air Force Special Operations Command (AFSOC) is looking to leap ahead with the aircraft that replaces its Bell Boeing CV-22 Osprey.

www.flightglobal.com

So I am going to put this here as it seems to be the catch all for Future Vertical Lift. Now I am going to go read the entire thread for the Ryan XV-5. SOF guys want jet speed without open rotors. Think XV-5 is likely one of the more mature options. Only other option that comes to mind is the stop-fold rotors. Of course there is also the fabled Senior Citizen efforts.

 

[sferrin]

Nowhere near the payload of a V-22. Maybe a V-22 with one of these on each end? (Or an X-22 with lower bypass ducts for higher speed? Of course now you get quite a blast during VTOL. . .)

 

[fredymac]

VTOL capability with jet like speed and range. The only new wrinkle that's popped up is distributed electric propulsion. Everything else (tilt wing/augmented lift/X wing/canard rotor/etc) never produced the results they hoped for.

 

[fredymac]

Nowhere near the payload of a V-22. Maybe a V-22 with one of these on each end? (Or an X-22 with lower bypass ducts for higher speed? Of course now you get quite a blast during VTOL. . .)

View attachment 641238

According to Wiki, the NK93 propfan had a 114 inch diameter. For comparison the GE9x engine is 134 inch which shows just how much bypass they are getting with the latest turbofans.

 

[yasotay]

Then there is this idea that showed up from AFRL

Air Force Displays Model Of Exotic And Potentially Revolutionary Hybrid Electric Airlifter

The propulsion concept, where gas turbines provide power for electric fans, offer benefits in redundancy, performance, fuel economy, and more.

www.thedrive.com

 

[jsport]

Then there is this idea that showed up from AFRLView attachment 641252

Air Force Displays Model Of Exotic And Potentially Revolutionary Hybrid Electric Airlifter

The propulsion concept, where gas turbines provide power for electric fans, offer benefits in redundancy, performance, fuel economy, and more.

www.thedrive.com

Will someone please explain why this creature is not just like the Aurora’s LightningStrike design which was another=

Rube Goldberg machine - Wikipedia

en.wikipedia.org

w/ extra weight, extra complexity w/ loss and drag spread al over like butter and maintainence issues?

 

[yasotay]

Don't disagree with complexity arguments and suspect the Lightning Strike point might also be true. Then the same arguments were thrown at the CV-22 and the MH-53 in their time. My point was only that the AFSOC wants something that goes faster and further than the CV-22 or the (current) FVL offerings, is not reliant on predictable landing spaces, and that it seems that AFRL is working the issue.

 

[shin_getter]

What we need is to add cargo capability to
RFAEC-35B

https://www.secretprojects.co.uk/threads/g-r-i-e-r-pods-ground-resupply-insertion-extraction-rescue-pods-for-vtol.1476/#post-12404

 

[RavenOne]

Foreign interest not just from us Brits (also eagerness to participate in FVL) but now from the Italians. However it is not altogether clear with the funding leftovers for Italy..

Italy eyes path into US Army’s next-gen helo program, thanks to EU pandemic-relief fund

The so-called FVL program to build next-generation helicopters is currently being pursued by the United States only, but is listed as a possible target for Italian investment in a document drawn up by Italy’s industry ministry and seen by Defense News.

www.defensenews.com

 

[jsport]

https://vtol.org/files/dmfile/UMD_20051.pdf

The US is not w/o a design which might well support Aerial Maneuver. It remains shameful the DoD does not pursue.

 

[TomcatViP]

What is that... A 20 to 30 meter shaft, driven by 3 high power engines through a massive gb?!! You'd probably better do with a rear mounted turbine to drive the rear rotor to save you nightmarish years of testing.

 

[jsport]

Contracrtors and the officers seeking to work at those contractors will not even introduce anything but mild upgrades to their profit babies. It remains shanmeful.

 

[AeroFranz]

That's a student design report. I'm sure the students at UMD are taught well (it is one of the few centers of rotorcraft excellence) but i wouldn't necessarily trust the skills of a college senior
source: at one point i was one of those seniors in an aero engineering program doing design competitions

 

[TomcatViP]

About 1,000 helicopters — including, among non-U.S. NATO nations, around 100 Mil Mi-8/17s, 191 Airbus SA330 Pumas, 167 Sikorsky S-70/UH-60 Black Hawks, 143 Leonardo AW101s and 331 NH90s — are scheduled to retire between 2030 and 2045, according to U.K. Royal Marine Col. Paul Morris, who serves with NATO’s Vertical Lift Joint Capability Group.

NATO eyeing U.S. Future Vertical Lift as next-gen medium rotorcraft

Though still in the early stages of refining what they need in a next-generation rotorcraft, the U.K. military and NATO are paying close attention to the U.S. Army’s Future Vertical Lift program.

verticalmag.com

 

[Hood]

About 1,000 helicopters — including, among non-U.S. NATO nations, around 100 Mil Mi-8/17s, 191 Airbus SA330 Pumas, 167 Sikorsky S-70/UH-60 Black Hawks, 143 Leonardo AW101s and 331 NH90s — are scheduled to retire between 2030 and 2045, according to U.K. Royal Marine Col. Paul Morris, who serves with NATO’s Vertical Lift Joint Capability Group.

Just as the Czechs buy new Super Hueys and Cobras with origins in the mid-1960s....
I would think the NH90s being relatively young airframes will go on to have long life, look at the RAF with the Puma... wouldn't surprise me if the RAF doesn't reach 100 years on those airframes at this rate (the irony of course being that NH90 was meant to replace the Puma in Europe but never quite managed it).

 

[TomcatViP]

The French Alat (Army light aviation) has today the lowest mission rate of its entire history at 30 something percent.
Sure, Puma and NH90 can last 100years but doing so flying how many hundreds hours?...

 

[Fluff]

Maybe already suggested, but for a VTOL transport, couldnt you double up on F35 arrangement, 2 engines, 2 lift fans? All the bits are in production, just a bit of kitbashing needed?

Aerodynamically a fat F35 scaled up?

what have the F35 designers been doing for the last 15 years?

 

[fredymac]

How many times do you see the F-35B takeoff vertically? It can but not without much in the way of payload (or gas).

 

[Fluff]

How many times do you see the F-35B takeoff vertically? It can but not without much in the way of payload (or gas).

So- short take off - from your base, travel 500 miles, drop 20 men, or 2 jeeps, Vertical take off.

Depends how limited your mission is, and what your prepared to do without.

if this is true special forces.

For sure a VTOL mini herc doesnt make a lot of sense.

 

[fredymac]

JMR requires vertical takeoff/vertical landing just like current Blackhawk/Osprey missions. Presumption is no landing strip at mission operations area.

 

[TomS]

Maybe already suggested, but for a VTOL transport, couldnt you double up on F35 arrangement, 2 engines, 2 lift fans? All the bits are in production, just a bit of kitbashing needed?

Runs into the same problem as the various twin Pegasus concepts did -- how do you survive an engine out event in the hover without instantly flipping the aircraft on its back? The clutch to allow the F135 to drive one lift fan is bad enough, but a clutch that would combine power from two turbines out to two lift fans would be very challenging. Or maybe two turbines into one lift fan, but that's a big point of failure for an aircraft carrying pax not in ejection seats. (And unlike a helicopter or tiltrotor, this won't auto rotate at all).

Then you also need to figure out how to do some sort of cross duct or something so the turbine exhaust can be balanced at the back end in the event of an engine failure as well.

Suddenly the appeal of all-electric distributed lift and thrust becomes clear. If only we knew how to make it work at this scale.

 

[yasotay]

I mentioned somewhere the problem with jets and small high speed fans blasting unprepared ground. They tends to dig big holes and set things alight (recall V-22 and F-35 cooking metal decks). Neither is popular with the customer (nor the maintainers I might add). This is one reason tilt-wing and likely ducted fan did not see service even though the technology was viable. There were of course technical and mechanical challenges as well but the velocity of the downwash/outwash was excessive, even compared to the V-22. If anyone has data on the velocity from some of the tilt wings I would love to see if this is correct.

I do not think NATO is interested in JMR/FVL for tactical combat in Europe, but for all of the "away" missions it finds itself involved in with our wonderful multi-polar world. Range and speed to get to a point have become a necessity in the information age. Taking a week to respond might be alright. Taking a month, the situation is likely resolved, likely not to NATO's satisfaction.

 

[H_K]

I do not think NATO is interested in JMR/FVL for tactical combat in Europe, but for all of the "away" missions it finds itself involved in with our wonderful multi-polar world. Range and speed to get to a point have become a necessity

The problem is requiring both range AND speed AND affordability. Pick two... unlikely that all three can be achieved.

 

[AeroFranz]

Handy chart showing the relationship between discloading and downwash velocity.
The V-22 sits around 22 lb/ft2 and is not *very* pleasant to stand beneath.
Tilt-wings are anywhere between 30-50 lbs/ft2, so it only gets worse.

It is interesting to note that the downwash hits the ground and then spreads radially horizontally, but the vertical distribution of the velocity is different in the case of higher vs lower discloading. With low discloadings, the flow has the highest speed some distance away from the ground, so it tends to overturn people. With high discloadings, the flow has higher speed, but it's concentrated at lower heights above the ground, hence with less overturning moment. Walking in that high speed flow has been described as akin to "wading in a shallow stream".

 

[yasotay]

I do not think NATO is interested in JMR/FVL for tactical combat in Europe, but for all of the "away" missions it finds itself involved in with our wonderful multi-polar world. Range and speed to get to a point have become a necessity

The problem is requiring both range AND speed AND affordability. Pick two... unlikely that all three can be achieved.

You point is well taken. However I think like any engineering problem, one looks for the best compromise that lets you achieve the desired end state. Certainly the OEM realize that a product that is too expensive is not likely to attract purchase orders. If I recall correctly at least one of the vendors has said they expect to have a price tag like the AH-64E. Don't know if that is one that remains or not.

 

[H_K]

The OEMs will sell you anything. Doesn’t mean they (or the customer) is right.

For example, an MV-22 costs 2.5x CH-47F but has a 40% smaller cabin. It also requires 20% more horsepower and carries more structural weight.

So which is the more efficient choice? No one can avoid the laws of physics.

 

[TomcatViP]

It can also make 2.5 more rotations in the same time.
Add deployment time and the ratio might increase 10 folds with FVL (no airlift or ocean crossing on a cargo ship).
Don't forget that up to Osprey, airborne assault was a tactical thing... It now projects on the strategic scale.

There is no doubts Europeans might want that.

 

[VTOLicious]

Handy chart showing the relationship between discloading and downwash velocity.
The V-22 sits around 22 lb/ft2 and is not *very* pleasant to stand beneath.
Tilt-wings are anywhere between 30-50 lbs/ft2, so it only gets worse.
View attachment 642365

*for metric heads

• 9 lb/ft² = 44 kg/m²
• 22 lb/ft² = 107 kg/m²
• 30 - 50 lb/ft² = 146 - 244 kg/m²

If memory serves well the disc loading of Robinson's R22 is around 4 lb/ft² = 20 kg/m²