Various Pre-and During WWII Soviet Projects & Prototypes

[hesham]

From Kryl'ya Rodine 11-12-/2022,

here is ES-1,a project which designed by Mr. Anatoly Senikov in 1941
and powered by Electric Motors.

 

[Maveric]

However, the picture says that this project is by Anatoly Senkov.

 

[hesham]

However, the picture says that this project is by Anatoly Senkov.

Yes Anatoly Senikov,I will fix it.

 

[Maveric]

Without i.

 

[Cy-27]

The Senkov ES-1 article in KR 2022-11/12 in Hesham's post #281 also had a comparison with the similar sized PS-84 .

Comparison of PS-84 & SD-1	PS-84	SD-1
Engine	2x Wright Cyclone 850hp	2x M-105 1100 hp
Ground Speed	305 km/h	338 km/h
at 2000m	324 km/h	363 km/h
at 3600m	305 km/h	378 km/h
Max Ceiling		7,300 m
Practical Ceiling	6,000 m	7,000m
Time to 2,000m Height	8.5 mins	6.25 mins
Time to 3,000m Height	14 mins	10 mins
Time to 5,000m Height	45 mins	19 mins
Minimum Landing Speed	95 km/h	95 km/h
Empty Weight	6986 kg	7477 kg
Fuel Weight	2237 kg	2237 kg
Oil Weight	224 kg	225 kg
Payload	1279 kg	467 kg

Possibly the PS-84 was to have been used as the base airframe for the project. The design was to have conventional engines in the fuselage along with electric motors. The electric motor development was the responsibility of A.G.Iosifyan. The work was stopped a month before war started and the hybrid aircraft project, along with other electric helicopter work was halted.

The article has three pages of ES-1 details but my knowledge of Russian and technical terms does not lend itself to a coherent translation.

Attached is the artwork from post #281 along with English annotation.

 

[Maveric]

Which aircraft is meant by the designation SD.1?

 

[igor-mich]

Which aircraft is meant by the designation SD.1?

Douglas DC-3 in Russia, under license, they were built under the designation PS-84

PS-84 is being converted into ES-1 (ЭС-1)

 

[hesham]

From, Jahrbuch_der_Luftfahrt_1931_32,

also I think Ossoaviachim A.J.R.3 & A.J.R.4 were a Russian light aircraft ?,am
I right ?.

 

[Apophenia]

From, Jahrbuch_der_Luftfahrt_1931_32,

also I think Ossoaviachim A.J.R.3 & A.J.R.4 were a Russian light aircraft ?,am
I right ?.

Not exactly. These references are to the 1938 Yakovlev AIR-3 prototype and 1930 AIR-4 lightplane trainers. Both types were powered by Walter NZ-60 radials imported by Soviet Osoaviachim (or Osoaviakhim) volunteer group - to assist members who were amateur aircraft designers and potential home-/club-builders.. This is likely the origin of your contemporary German source's confusion.

Osoaviachim encouraged amateur aircraft-building through its flying and gliding clubs. The first powered type thus created was Yakovlev's Cirrus-powered AIR-1 in 1926. After the AIR-1 set several sportplane world records, Osoaviakhim collected funds from its members for the development of the AIR-3 prototype.

The ultimate plan for Osoaviakhim was to import both foreign aero-engines and light aircraft which were to be then copied in the Soviet Union. That proved to be unnecessary due to the success of local aircraft designs - by AS Yakovlev; VB Sharov (Walter-powered Sh-2 amphibian); VK Gribovskii (Cirrus-powered G-1 light plane); etc. - and AD Shvetsov's 100 hp M-11 radial engine.

I'm not sure about the exact method of fund-raising for the AIR series. However, Osoaviakhim routinely organized lotteries with their winners presenting funds or individual aircraft to Soviet authorities.

 

[igor-mich]

These are light aircraft

AIR-3 was built in 1929.

AIR-4 was built in 1930.

"AIR-4" is a consistent improvement of its predecessor – "AIR-3". Since the flight qualities of the AIR-3 were recognized as good, then during the design and construction of the AIR-4, all the main parameters affecting aerodynamics were basically the same.

 

[hesham]

From Krly'ya Rodine 2023-7/8,

another Electric powered aircraft.

 

[hesham]

From this book,

Missile placement
take-off accelerators
land plane and
flying boat. Drawing
from an application for an invention
Dudakov and
Konstantinov

 

[hesham]

Also from this book,

Airplane project I.A. Rybnikov. The main difference between this composite
aircraft and the “links” of V.S. Vakhmistrov was that in combination, the
lower planes seemed to form a second wing, i.e. the aircraft was a biplane.
All management was carried out pilot of the upper (main) aircraft. In the
air, the vehicles attached under the wing could detach and act independently,
it turned out to be three monoplane aircraft. This project, which appeared in
1936 under the influence of reports of Vakhmistrov’s successful experiments,
was purely speculative and did not contain any calculations or drawings. It
was filed as an application for an invention, but Rybnikov did not receive
an author's certificate.

 

[Stargazer]

Airplane project I.A. Rybnikov.

It seems to me you are showing two quite different projects here.

 

[hesham]

It seems to me you are showing two quite different projects here.

Yes of course,the first was,
One of the early options
aircraft "I-Z",

as Google translate.

 

[Stargazer]

Ilyushin DB-3B flying laboratory for studying wing profiles (1940):

 

[Stargazer]

1920s designs by Jan Volovsky:

• stabilizer
• parachute
• helicopter (signed and dated 24 Feb. 1924)

Source: Petersburg — The cradle of Russian Aviation (2013)

 

[hesham]

From this book,Советская авиационная техника,,
F. A. Tsatsder (86) built liquid rocket engines in 1930-1933 and
dreamed of building a spaceship (87). V. S. Stechkin (890), a
subsequent academician, published in 1929 a theory of an air-
jet engine, the diagram of which is shown in the photograph (81).

 

[hesham]

From, Техника - молодежи 1945-3,

so weird,they mentioned that;
Stefinovsky, having tested this unusual aircraft, was convinced that
it was reliable and simple.

But I think it looks like Cheranovsky's designs ?.

https://www.secretprojects.co.uk/threads/cheranovsky-cheranovskii-aircraft-and-designs.467/page-2

 

[hesham]

From, Техника - молодежи 1946/8-9,I think the translation is wrong or what ?,

Reader Grebnev L.
(Tetievskiy district, Knevsky region) asks: Do jet helicopters exist?

There are a number of jet helicopter projects. These projects are based on one general principle. Combustion products flow out of the hollow rotor blades through nozzles, and the rotor is set in rotation by the reaction force. However, the efficiency of a jet helicopter is very low. Therefore, jet helicopters are not used in practice yet. You can read about the rocket helicopter project in the Express Information of VNT TsAGI, 1944, No. 92/203, pp. 7-8, and in the book by N. V. Inozemtsev, Jet Engines in Aviation, NKAP, Oborongiz, Moscow, 1946.

 

[Maveric]

Some russian projects, maybe one of you knows more about it...
Hesham has already shown the second-to-last picture, but there was no response. So I'm showing it again.
The last picture shows a development by Sikorsky, it certainly belongs to the pre-Soviet area.