I'll do some research on this at Vought tomorrow, but looking at Bureau Numbers, it appears that Vought got a contract from the Navy for the XS2U-1W/XWU-1 as an AEW airplane (BuNos 133780/1) somewhat after Grumman got a contract for the second lot of production S2Fs (BuNos 133044-133388). It's possible that it was also initially a backup for the Grumman S2F, but that seems unlikely since that program proceeded to first flight and through development without any obvious hick-ups.
From the photographic evidence provided above, the Vought program clearly got as far as a mockup and was then cancelled in favor of a Grumman variation on the S2F/TF. The first WF (E-1) was created from a TF (C-1), BuNo 136242, taken directly off the production line; the first production WF was BuNo 145957. My guess is that the Navy realized that it was silly to have an entirely different airframe, landing gear, etc. for a mission application that required less than 100 airplanes (88 WFs were built in addition to the prototype), and opted instead to buy a variation of the TF, which was itself a variation of the S2F.