Lockheed ASTOVL, JAST, JSF projects

[Triton]

Lockheed artist's concept from Global Security grouped with Boeing X-32 pictures. Profile view of Common Affordable Lightweight Fighter (CALF)?

Actually, Lockheed X-32 ASTOVL / JAST Large Scale Powered Model (LSPM) per InvisibleDefender.

Source:
http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/systems/aircraft/x-32-pics.htm

 

[InvisibleDefender]

Lockheed artist's concept from Global Security grouped with Boeing X-32 pictures. Profile view of Common Affordable Lightweight Fighter (CALF)?

Source:
http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/systems/aircraft/x-32-pics.htm

Actually that is a real photo of the Lockheed X-32 ASTOVL / JAST Large Scale Powered Model (LSPM) that was tested at NASA Ames. Now rusting away in Ft. Worth.
Boeing built one and tested it. McDonnell Douglas built one but it wasn't really used to do changes in their configuration.

 

[InvisibleDefender]

Couple more of it back when it was new.

 

[InvisibleDefender]

Also a couple I took of it on a bright sunny day in Ft. Worth years ago....

 

[Stargazer]

Wow, great! Can't wait for the whole story of the ASTOVL X-32/X-35 program's inception to be told!

 

[InvisibleDefender]

Wow, great! Can't wait for the whole story of the ASTOVL X-32/X-35 program's inception to be told!

already has been (for the most part) - reworking it with an emphasis on propulsion for the Centennial of Naval Aviation Conference in Virginia Beach later this year.

 

[Stargazer]

So I infer from the above that you are Ian, right? I had not seen this article previously. It is extremely interesting and highly documented, as only an insider could have done it. Congratulations!

 

[AeroFranz]

Excellent paper! Thanks for sharing.
I'm presenting at the conference as well, I'll be sure to look up your presentation on the program and attend.

 

[Triton]

Thank you so much for the additional information and images, InvisibleDefender.

 

[Triton]

10-percent scaled model of Lockheed ASTOVL concept for wind tunnel testing.

In this cooperative program between NASA, Lockheed Corporation, and the Advanced Research and Projects Agency (ARPA), an advanced short takeoff and vertical landing (ASTOVL) model was tested in the 9- by 15-Foot Low-Speed Wind Tunnel at the NASA Lewis Research Center. The 10-percent scaled model was tested over a range of headwind velocities from 25 to 120 kn. This inlet/forebody test was a key part of an important Department of Defense program investigation enabling technologies for future high-performance ASTOVL aircraft.

The Lockheed concept is focused on a shaft-coupled lift fan system centered around Pratt & Whitney's F119 power plant. As envisioned, a conventional takeoff and landing version (CTOL) would replace the U.S. Air Force's F-16's. The ASTOVL version would eventually replace Marine and, possibly, British Harrier aircraft. The ASTOVL and CTOL versions are scheduled to begin their manufacturing development phases in 2000.

The purpose of this test was to acquire data pertinent to the inlet-forebody model. The test was very successful. Both steady-state and dynamic data were obtained. This small-scale testing, which is directed at reducing risks, may greatly reduce the risks on a full-scale aircraft.

Source:

http://www.grc.nasa.gov/WWW/RT/RT1995/2000/2740j.htm

 

[LowObservable]

Interesting paper, Ian.

Just a thought - you make the point that the Marine requirement was "a driving design consideration", but it might be worth adding that it imposed tough dimensional limits.

The first Joint Strike Fighter aircraft are currently scheduled for delivery to the services in 2008.

No comment....

 

[InvisibleDefender]

Interesting paper, Ian.

Just a thought - you make the point that the Marine requirement was "a driving design consideration", but it might be worth adding that it imposed tough dimensional limits.

The first Joint Strike Fighter aircraft are currently scheduled for delivery to the services in 2008.

No comment....

Yes, well, I wrote that paper more than 10 years ago!

 

[flateric]

enjoy

 

[AL]

What's with the stinger?

 

[hole in the ground]

isnt that usually where a wind tunnel model is mounted?

 

[flateric]

two more Raymer designs for ASTOVL fighters while he was at Lockheed at early 90s plus schematics for SDLF, SFIH and RIVET

 

[flateric]

isnt that usually where a wind tunnel model is mounted?

yes

 

[Colonial-Marine]

Are there any diagrams of the lift system on the Lockheed X-32 ASTOVL/JAST large scale powered
model? Was it a 2D thrust vectoring nozzle that could swivel downwards or was another method used?

 

[Sundog]

Are there any diagrams of the lift system on the Lockheed X-32 ASTOVL/JAST large scale powered
model? Was it a 2D thrust vectoring nozzle that could swivel downwards or was another method used?

Do you mean the Boeing X-32? The Boeing X-32 used two nozzles at the CG for STOVL. or do you mean the early Lockheed X-35 canard design that was tested as a large model?

 

[Colonial-Marine]

Do you mean the Boeing X-32? The Boeing X-32 used two nozzles at the CG for STOVL. or do you mean the early Lockheed X-35 canard design that was tested as a large model?

I was referring to the Lockheed canard ASTOVL design that was used for that powered test model. According to some here it received the designation of X-32 back before JSF gained momentum.

 

[flateric]

it had shaft-driven lift fan (SDLF) and 2D "lobster tail" with supported divergent flap and pressure balanced convergent flap
"...same nozzle was used for cruise and hover, but the vectoring capability was not used in up-and-away flight"

"lobster tail" diagram can be found in
AIAA 2011-6999
The Quest for Stable Jet Borne Vertical Lift: ASTOVL to F-35 STOVL
AIAA Centennial of Naval Aviation Forum "100 Years of Achievement and Progress"
21 - 22 September 2011, Virginia Beach, VA
written by two SPF members

 

[Rafael]

Along the lines of "Google is your friend", wich it is not, I searched for SSF, "Stealth Strike Fighter", "ASTOVL", "JAST", "CALF", all accompanied with variations of "Lockheed" or "McDD", and turned up with no 3-Views of Lockheed's same.

What I found, though, are the attached pictures allegedly taken from Carswell, AFB, Fort-Worth, TX. Apparently singe-engined, F-16 sized and apparently with the cavities for lift-fan apparatus

Are these prior or later iterations of the canard-equipped one?

And, please, can someone take me out of my misery and post a 3-view of this "elusive" subject

Thanks,

Rafa

 

[flateric]

Along the lines of "Google is your friend", wich it is not, I searched for SSF, "Stealth Strike Fighter", "ASTOVL", "JAST", "CALF", all accompanied
with variations of "Lockheed" or "McDD", and turned up with no 3-Views of Lockheed's same.

http://www.secretprojects.co.uk/forum/index.php/topic,238.msg26964.html#msg26964

 

[AeroFranz]

Grigoriy, did you get the timeline off of one of Ian's AIAA papers? I think you mentioned one recently in another JSF thread. Does it say, or does anyone else for that matter know, why at one point the canard, which was so predominant in CALF, JAST, and ASTOVL, was discarded in favor of the aft tail we are familiar with?
I can think of several reasons, but I would be curious to get a definitive answer rather than just hearsay.

 

[LowObservable]

This is my understanding:

The LockMart design went from canard to quad-tail shortly before the CDA RFP deadline (which was in 1996). The main reason was that the carrier version was going to need a larger wing than the span-restricted (LH-class parking) CV/STOVL aircraft, and larger control surfaces. Scaling up a delta wing, while keeping its sweep angles constant (LO constraint) is difficult configuration-wise because the increase in root chord - in feet and inches - gets very large... so where do you put the (also larger) canard? A wing with less sweep and taper, and an aft tail likewise, made it easier to accommodate two wing designs on the same body shape.

The LSPM (large scale powered model) in the Google Earth photos was built as a canard, but I suspect that they modded it to get some idea of the difference in suck-down effects.

 

[AeroFranz]

Makes sense. I remembered it having to do with carrier compatibility, but forgot the exact reason. Thanks for the explanation.

 

[Triton]

Lockheed Martin JAST concept releasing bombs from internal weapons bays.

JAST convential takeoff variant designed by Lockheed Martin for the US Air Force.

Source:
http://www.aerospaceweb.org/aircraft/fighter/jsf/pics05.shtml

 

[fightingirish]

Evolution of the Lockheed Martin design for JAST culminating in the X-35
Image courtesy JSF Program Office, 2010

Source: http://www.aerospaceweb.org/aircraft/fighter/jsf/pics05.shtml

 

[InvisibleDefender]

Again ... wondering who in the program office gave that out in 2010.

Evolution of the Lockheed Martin design for JAST culminating in the X-35
Image courtesy JSF Program Office, 2010

Source: http://www.aerospaceweb.org/aircraft/fighter/jsf/pics05.shtml

 

[overscan (PaulMM)]

Nice CALF article in Code One Magazine, 1994 Volume 9, Number 3



http://www.codeonemagazine.com/images/C1_V09N3_SM_1271449318_9088.pdf


Scans posted by Flateric earlier in topic : http://www.secretprojects.co.uk/forum/index.php/topic,238.msg47504.html#msg47504 but nice to have the whole article.

 

[overscan (PaulMM)]

Nice JSF article in Code One Magazine 1996 Volume 11, Number 2

http://www.codeonemagazine.com/images/C1_V11N2_SM_1271449318_5015.pdf

 

[overscan (PaulMM)]

This is my understanding:

The LockMart design went from canard to quad-tail shortly before the CDA RFP deadline (which was in 1996). The main reason was that the carrier version was going to need a larger wing than the span-restricted (LH-class parking) CV/STOVL aircraft, and larger control surfaces. Scaling up a delta wing, while keeping its sweep angles constant (LO constraint) is difficult configuration-wise because the increase in root chord - in feet and inches - gets very large... so where do you put the (also larger) canard? A wing with less sweep and taper, and an aft tail likewise, made it easier to accommodate two wing designs on the same body shape.

The LSPM (large scale powered model) in the Google Earth photos was built as a canard, but I suspect that they modded it to get some idea of the difference in suck-down effects.

This is broadly confirmed in Code One 1996 Volume 11, Number 3, where Bob Ruzkowski says they had canard-delta USAF/STOVL versions but aft-tail carrier version which resulted in insufficient commonality:


Source:

http://www.codeonemagazine.com/images/C1_V11N3_SM_1271449318_7528.pdf

Don't forget CALF had no carrier-specific Navy variant, just USAF and STOVL versions. Adding the Navy carrier version for JSF put the canard-delta design out of contention.

 

[overscan (PaulMM)]

Out of interest - two more drawings of the "Ghosthawk" design from Paul Bevilaqua's presentation. Looks pretty much the same as the Lockheed CALF

http://www.flightglobal.com/blogs/the-dewline/2010/03/video-history-of-the-f-35-by-s.html

 

[quellish]

Out of interest - two more drawings of the "Ghosthawk" design from Paul Bevilaqua's presentation. Looks pretty much the same as the Lockheed CALF

The model I've seen is slightly different - larger tail, longer nozzle, some details are different - but that's pretty much it.

 

[sferrin]

grab it while it's there

Inventing the Joint Strike Fighter
Dr. Paul Bevilaqua, Lockheed Martin Skunk Works
http://www.nps.edu/Academics/Institutes/Meyer/docs/Joint%20strike%20fighter.pdf

Does anybody have this PDF? The link is dead.

 

[SpudmanWP]

http://www.aereo.jor.br/wp-content/uploads/2010/07/Joint-strike-fighter-Presentation.pdf

 

[sferrin]

http://www.aereo.jor.br/wp-content/uploads/2010/07/Joint-strike-fighter-Presentation.pdf

Thanks!

 

[Mr London 24/7]

Bevilaqua on Tour:


http://www.engineersaustralia.org.au/sites/default/files/inventing_the_joint_strike_fighter_-_aiaa_national_lecture_tour_-_may_2014.pdf

 

[fightingirish]

3BSD On Configuration 141B In 1994

The results of that study showed that the 3BSD design was significantly lighter than the SERN nozzle. Moreover, the design also showed superior propulsion performance in all modes. The 3BSD was subsequently included in the ASTOVL Configuration 141 – the original canard delta design of what evolved into the X-35.

Source: http://www.codeonemagazine.com/article.html?item_id=137
Picture Gallery: http://www.codeonemagazine.com/gallery_slideshow.html?gallery_id=175

 

[sferrin]

I suspect that article will get much use.