Four Clouds Program

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Hongyun plan, Feiyun plan, fast cloud plan, Tengyun plan.This is an important plan in China's commercial spaceflight.I hope you can share more about it.
 
Let's start with China's Tengyun program, which is China's aerospace program. The weight of the first stage is about 140 tons, the weight of the second stage is about 40 tons, and the LEO load is two tons. The first stage will bring the second stage to an altitude of 30-35 km, separate from the second stage at a speed of 2000-2200 m/s, and then accelerate to 7900 m/s, and finally reach a low earth orbit of 300 km to release the load.
 
1. Feiyun project, corresponding to UAV-borne regional network and its application projects;
2. Kuaiyun project, corresponding to the local area network and its application projects of the airship near space;
3. Hongyun Project, corresponding to spaceborne broadband global mobile Internet and its application projects;
4. Tengyun project, corresponding to the air-space shuttle aircraft and its application projects.
 
At the end of 2016, the plan was officially launched, and in 2017, the pre-research of the subsystem began, and the TRRE prototype was successfully tested in the air.
In 2018, the first prototype of the TRRE engine rolled off the assembly line, and the Ascendas 1 aircraft carried out a successful aerial test run with the engineering prototype
In 2019, the China Academy of Aerospace Aerodynamics Technology conducted the first and second high-speed separation experiments in a hypersonic wind tunnel
In 2020, all the subsystems of the TRRE engine were developed
In the next five years, we will occasionally discover some secret space shuttles. But the plan still has a long way to go, to be completed between 2030 and 2035
The following is the outlook for the future, China hopes to achieve the initial completion of a flight-based space transportation system in 2035, with a flight interval of no more than one week, 50-100 times of use, and maintain a success rate of 99 percent
In 2045, the flight-based space transportation system will be fully completed, with a flight interval of once a day, more than 100 times of use, and a success rate of 99.5%
 
However, for now, due to the huge success of Elon Musk's Starship project, some Starship fanatics have begun to ridicule such projects, and the Chinese government has to think about the whole project again. For now, China is indeed taking two different paths, one is to stick to the Tengyun plan, and the other is to immediately follow up on the recyclable rocket program and further liberalize the hands of private companies in this area.
 
SSTO / TSTO / RLV issues and related concepts are the same for everyone: daunting. Making orbit = 9300 m/s, an extremely tall order. There is no propulsion breakthrough in sight, for a start. SpaceX SH-Starship is a no-compromise "Earth surface to Mars surface" through earth orbit refueling.
 
Archibald said:
SSTO / TSTO / RLV issues and related concepts are the same for everyone: daunting. Making orbit = 9300 m/s, an extremely tall order. There is no propulsion breakthrough in sight, for a start. SpaceX SH-Starship is a no-compromise "Earth surface to Mars surface" through earth orbit refueling.
Click to expand...
To be honest, we may not see a major breakthrough in propulsion in our lifetime, similar to the Age of Discovery, where we would have to use sailboats and then wait for the application of gas turbines... I'm not averse to starships, but I think multiple paths would be better.
 

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