As a former USMC A-6E tech who was aboard a carrier (CV-61) for 2 2-month Norpac (Korea/Japan area) cruises (1986 & 1987) and one 6-month WestPac/Indian Ocean cruise (1987, Persian Gulf tanker convoy ops), what I saw on the flight deck were birds that were unarmed unless they were going flying on a "weapons required" flight within 2-4 hours (F-14 CAP flights, as well as "lets go blow up some oil platforms", and "cruise over the Gulf in case we need to blow up Iranian boats attacking tankers" flights) or were standing "alert aircraft" assignment (aircraft prepped for flight, fueled & armed, and crew either in the cockpit (5 minute & 15 minute) or in the ready room (30 minute & 1 hour) - anything longer and they would only load ordnance after the bird was tasked with a flight.
And when I spent 6 months of 1984 in MCAS Iwakuni, Japan & NAS Cubi Point, Philippines, aircraft were likewise only armed when getting ready for, or just back from, flights.