Dark Moon Rising: Archibald space TL

No, sorry: I meant that even a primitive rocket was faster than that airbreathing record. It's pretty easy to go fast with rocket power but ballistic range is a b*tch. Pointy.
 
Project SCOOP office
Vandenberg AFB


"You know, we could easily send HIGH TOWN spysats chasing FOBS or Istrebitel Sputnikov; on suborbital or co-orbital trajectories. Satellites taking photos of satellites : the spooks call that sat-squared, short: S2.

"Won't this piss the Soviets: making them angry and nervous ?"

"Yes, absolutely. That's the political risk entailed by such missions; that can be minimized if we play smart. Back in the day the CIA had a project called ALIAS where a C-130 Hercules would scan space above with a modified Hawkeye radar; pin down a Soviet satellite; and then launch a rocket inspector vehicle on a suborbital trajectory. It would just passing by, with tremendous closing velocities. While it made the mission extremely difficult, it was also much less visible than chasing the Soviet sat on a co-orbit. See what I mean ?"

"Kinda. We want to peep at Soviet satellites, but very discretely; so we can deny if they get angry. I can really see the CIA playing outraged - or dumb. Thinking about it, that sat-squared business could be a mission for a man-tended MOL. With its extremely powerful camera and big mirror, it could observe Soviet satellites from a... safe distance."

"And we could stick an Agena booster or two on that MOL extremities; to give it large orbital manoeuvering capabilities. So it could chase Soviet satellites, but not too much."

"This also applies to on-board astronauts. Remember how they talked about doing astronomy as a secondary mission ? Observing the planets with that big mirror ? Well, if we can track the Moon and planets, we can certainly do the same for Soviet satellites. Nice cover story, don't you think ?"
 
December 30, 1962
The KGB headquarters


Alan Gordon illegals spy ring had done an even better job than usual. His report sent shivers down the spine of the KGB operatives that digested it; and the Soviet leadership that red the summary thereafters.

The Americans were utterly determined to get a shotgun marriage between a B-58 and a Minuteman; in passing, expanding their production beyond 116 Hustlers and one-thousand missiles.

Alan comprehensive report was far reaching: showing incredible prospects. For a start, the stretched B-58B canned in June 1959 would return; this time with TF30 turbofans, killing the FB-111A with similar engines.

Next, the revamped bomber would air-launch a Minuteman: reaching into space all the way from 65 to 1600 nautical miles high.

This, for General Shoemaker intertwined five core missions: spysat, satellite imaging, interception and destruction; spaceborne ABM.

Modifications to both Hustler and Minuteman would be kept to the minimum, slashing development costs.

From a 2 G pull-up from mach 2.4 level flight at 45,000 foot altitude, the flexible air-launching system could throw a 2000 pound spysat in a 65 nautical miles orbit, single or multiple pass.

While the spacecraft wouldn't last very long, ground resolution would be 3 feet.
...
PROJECT TOWN HALL – AIR LAUNCHED PHOTO RECONNAISSANCE SATELLITE

CONOPS
A-aircraft positions booster in orbital plane;
B-ballistic flight path with apogee at satellite altitude;
C-interception of a satellite is four dimensional : time, height, longitudinal, lateral.
D-boosters interception altitude capabilities
-Skybolt --------------------- 310 n.m
-Minuteman stage 2 - 3----- 510 n.m
-Polaris ---------------------- 930 n.m
-Modified Minuteman------ 1500 n.m

SYSTEM OPERATION
1-Pre-flight alert at Strategic Air Command bases.
2-B-58 prepared for flight
3-Missile guidance aligned and trimmed
4-Initial ephemeris and trajectory loaded
5-System check-out
6-System ground aligned and checked out
7-Missile guidance navigates self B-58 to launch area; pre-computed course.
8-Updated ephemeris entered
9-Launch command
10-Launch with precise velocity & vertical; position azimuth not critical
11-Launch point determined by guidance computer
12-Boost guidance by inertial measurements
13-Thrust termination not critical
14-Stellar fix for position & azimuth correction
15-Booster burns out with velocity in orbit plane
16-Interceptor separates from booster
17-Terminal phase
18-Interceptor, searches expected area
19-Target acquired at-50-80 n.mi.
20-Line-of-sight (LOS), relative bearing angular rate establighed
21-Interceptor yawed 90 degree from line of sight
22-Engine ignited to thrust toward orbit
23-When LOS rates zero vehicle yawed to thrust along los on colligion course
24-Warhead deployed on range to target basis
25-Vernier engine used for orbit adjustment or orbit transfer
26-Multiple pass capability enhanced by virtue of in-orbit
27-Trajectory adjust and de-orbit- re-entry vernier correction
...
CONCLUSION
ADO-40 – now called Project 437 - and various covert reconnaissance systems are being studied and evaluated by separate contractor and USAF groups. This dual separate approach may well result in choice of two systems: optimum for each mission, but entirely different in hardware items. The mobile launch concept is competitive for each mission and should be evaluated simultaneously by usaf personnel cognizant of both missions. Choice of mobile launch concept could lead to greatly reduced development costs, operational costs and reliability improvements through adoption of 2 standard boost: vehicle for dual purpose use.

FOOTNOTE
Project TOWN HALL as it presently stands already has incredibly disruptive potential. Yet consideration is given to add a Lockheed Agena to the baseline. This could make TOWN HALL even more groundbreaking: vastly improving performance and linking it to many space military vehicles.
...
AIR LAUNCHED INTELLIGENCE ACQUISITION SYSTEM (ALIAS)

CONOPS
-Align platforms
-Update ephemeris
-Turn across orbit plane
-Intercept altitude selectable between 90 and 150 n. mi - crossing velocity not exceeding 3000 fps.
-Eject missile from C-130 cargo hold
-Fire missile - 2 stage, 2 cluster - Terrier I sustainer
-Aircraft acquires target
-First-stage & fairings separate
-First-stage soft lands
-ALIAS vehicle acquires target
-Vehicle attitude adjusted
-Terminal correction motor fires
-Vehicle re-acquires target
-Photographic sequence
-Apogee.
-Flat-spin initiated
-Flat-spin stopped
-Recovery chute deployed.
-C-130 recovers ALIAS vehicle
...
The function to be performed by the Air Launched Intelligence Acquisition System (ALIAS) guidance system is the positioning of the payload at the offset distance from the satellite trajectory which is compatible with the chosen sensor capabilities. For a desired 1 inch resolution capability, 5401 film, a 1 percent image motion compensation error, and a 7.5" diameter, 40" focal length optical system, the desired offset distance is 3000 ft and the allowable one sigma guidance error is 1500 ft. The selection of the intercept region along the satellite trajectory will be based on ephemeris data.

A C-130 Hercules is to be modified as below.
-sealed launch duct for rearward extraction at 35,000 ft altitude.
-HF radio for latest SPADATS 66 data.
-AN/ASN-59 Litton Stellar inertial navigation system aboard aircraft, (or Nortronics NAS-14).
-AN-APS-96 airborne radar (similar to the E-2B Hawkeye) modified to match satellite tracking and C-130 aircraft installation requirements;
-Northrop - ALOTS optical tracking system.
-All American Engineering model 90 recovery equipment for rear door pickup from C-130.
-Recovery intercept computer.

AIRBORNE EARLY WARNING RADAR - PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS

The existing airborne early warning and tracking radars of most interest to ALIAS are the APS-70, APS-96 and APS-111. The APS-96 Airborne Early Waring (AEW) radar has the desired performance capability and appears to be most readily available. The APS-96 acquisition range for a 10m2 target is 90% probability of detection at about 200 n.m. if the search is restricted to a particular azimuth.

The Cosmos class satellite radar cross section has been observed to range from 1 to 600 m2 at UHF frequencies.

The major APS-96 modifications which would be required to make this AEW radar compatible with the ALIAS mission are first the tilting of the antenna to acquire satellites 90-150 n.m. in attitude at a slant range of about 200 n.m. and, second, the modification of the radar receiver to accept target closing velocities on the order of 4.0 n.m. per second.
As the target azimuth will be known from ephemeris data and the airplane azimuth can be changed to accommodate the radar, a non-scanning radar mount is acceptable. This also allows the possibility of a side looking radar which eases the airplane antenna compatability problem.
...

"ALIAS – nice accronym, CIA. But please : if you really want to photograph a satellite or intercept it, from a C-130: there are better rockets out there, maxing out the Hercules 40 000 pound payload. Things like a 15 000 pound Agena with a solid rocket booster - and plenty payload to orbit: almost one metric ton."
 
TOWN HALL and ALIAS were OTL projects of the Air Force and CIA, respectively. TOWN HALL has long been the basis of my fictional HIGH TOWN, but ALIAS came as a complete surprise : browsing the CIA online archive.
Long story short, imagine a C-130 turned E-2 Hawkeye, same APS-96 and rotodome, except modified to scan 200 nautical miles vertically - into space, rather than horizontally, scanning airspace for F-14 Tomcats.

Then the same C-130 would have a torpedo-like launch tube stuck in its cargo hold and through the doors. Once the APS-96 radar has pinned down a Soviet satellite, the rocket would be expelled, pop a parachute, then launch on a suborbital trajectory : just passing by, with tremendous closing velocities. It would snap a few pictures of the commie sat and then reenter for recovery of the camera and film.

You may ask, why the hassle ? Why not just co-orbit... SAINT / ASAT style ? Well, the CIA being the CIA I presume they wanted plausible denial if the Soviet got pissed.

"So we can't have Hercules flying below your satellites orbital tracks... oh, really ?"

Weird business, really. Then again - it's the CIA and it's ALIAS, we are talking about.

 
"Aerospaceplane was the ultimate objective: single-stage-to-orbit, right off a runway. But present technological state-of-the-art won't allow us to built that. Still I was looking at the B-70 Valkyrie and got a profound realization.

"We need to build a partially reusable Aerospaceplane; but that's not enough. It needs a national priority mission; preferably one that launches a lot of satellites. There, TOWN HALL put me on the right track, albeit something was still missing. That something is the Agena, because it anchors my hypothetical RLV to one key mission: the National Reconnaissance Program.

"One might object that present Agena spysats are riding expendable rockets to orbit, and doing very well that way. Fair enough, but the story doesn't stop there.

"The final element in the puzzle is RHEINBERRY. A mix of suborbital flight; near real time, crisis reconnaissance; and air-launch. Way to go: I had found my RLV anchor mission."
 
This document is the closest Lockheed came from my fictional HIGH TOWN system. A-12, Polaris and CORONA : all of them Lockheed. Agena is mentionned a few times (page 24, 25 and 51), but only at components level : not the full stage.
 

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I am highly wary of the potential impact of even semi external payloads on B-70 maximum Mach performance.
 
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Nope, for the X-15 you are right : it doesn't made any sense, for so many reasons.
- For example, it was mounted the exact same way as the D-21 drone on its SR-71, and in July 1966 it ended very badly.
- More generally, the X-15 not being an airbreather (ramjet, scramjet) really didn't needed the B-70 extra performance.

On the other hand, if that big belly fairing is streamlined enough to preserve Mach 3 (and that's a big if) then the B-70 could really become a major Mach 3 carrier for all kind of interesting aerospace vehicles. The Valkyrie had it all : the huge size and weight, and the velocity.
 
On the scale of the Milky Way, the Moon was a pretty insignificant target.

This fact however was evenly balanced by its age – 4 billion years.

Which statistically ensured that Earth satellite had been, once in a while, impacted by all kind of interesting stuff. Things like Mars and Venus rocks, Chicxulub debris, metallic asteroids, cometary water...
 
Today I learned about this.

40 million chinese living semi-underground : well, somewhat like hobbits LMAO. We should really draw lessons from yaodongs for Moon and Mars lava tube colonies.

Does anybody knows of similar examples in other countries ?
 
Today I learned about this.

40 million chinese living semi-underground : well, somewhat like hobbits LMAO. We should really draw lessons from yaodongs for Moon and Mars lava tube colonies.

Does anybody knows of similar examples in other countries ?
There are some archaeological examples in Turkey, IIRC. Derinkuyu or Elengubu. IIRC Derinkuyu is the name of the area now, the historical city's name is Elengubu. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Derinkuyu_underground_city
 
Ok so for more than a decade I've wondered what to do of Elon Musk in my alternate space history. After all he was born a few months before the Space Shuttle, in June 1971.
As I grew more and more baffled about him; and considering, eeeerhm, some recent suicidal tendencies of the man; I realized the best way to deal with him should be brief - and funny. A fate related to that man many lunacies.
So,
(...drums rolling...)
...

"A few years ago billionaire Elmo Trusk launched an agressive buyout of Boeing space division. After a brutal fight he managed to gets his hands on their Space Freighter design: 900 000 pounds to orbit and hopefully: to Mars.

In passing, he also grabbed a mighty rocket engine design from Rocketdyne, to power the monster.

Bad news however. Last week he was watching early tests of that engine, and in typical Trusk behaviour he sat uncomfortably close from the test stand.

The proverbial Silicon Valley bravado: move fast, break things to fix them.

Well, the engine did break... right into Trusk face. All that was retrieved of him was a singed strand of transplanted hair.
"


...
This little excerpt borrows from Marshall Nedeline death, October 24, 1960 "all that was ever found of him were the - melted - metal bars of his military medals"
And also from Despicable Me 2, El Macho spectacular but fake death.


As translated in the french dub "On a rien retrouvé d'El Macho, à part une grosse touffe de poils de torse brûlés !"

This solves a whole lot of issues besides the Musk case, things like Boeing enshittification.
 
Collateral victims so far: Lockheed D-21 drone; X-23A and X-24 lifting bodies; ISINGLASS / RHEINBERRY; MOL, KH-10 DORIAN.
 
That thing has long ballooned out of control: it is just gargantuan, hundreds and hundreds of pages. I intend to publish it someday, through Amazon and PublishDrive. But it needs severe trimming first !
So I've started to list all the ideas in it, one after another according to the story chronology. The list goes into a separate file. This will become a new "spine", with each idea being allocated one page of writting: perhaps two. But NOT more.
Well - surprise surprise, I have a lot on my plate. Sweet geez. It's like Sisyphus and his rock. The only good news is that the work goes smoothly and doesn't drives me crazy. I've done 1956 to 1963 so far, and the "ideas list" stands at... 131.

EDIT first book finished. 213 ideas, 125 pages trimmed. It works.
 
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So here I am, mapping one idea after another and nuking hundred and hundred pages of blah blah blah techno-babble. It's like Sisyphus and his goddamn rock.
Last victim of the trimming is 1972, a gargantuan chapter, way too long. Will probably extract the whole damn thing into a separate file, keep some few bits and nuke everything else into oblivion.
Main problem is that NASA has way too much options on its plate, and if each one is detailed, the whole thing balloons out of control.

So, without fanfare...

January 1972
With the Shuttle miserable demise the last bit of Mueller and Paine Space Task Group, Integrated Program Plan was dead and buried. But Nixon needed California aerospace workers votes for the coming presidential election, so early 1972 he lit a fire under NASA ass to start anew – and quickly. He made clear it would be manned spaceflight last chance. Mercifully for the space agency George Low, then James Beggs, got the message and produced a blueprint by July 1972.

It was like a blizzard. A series of contractor bidding wars raged: for rockets, manned spaceships, space tugs, space station designs. The new blueprint had also to take into account present and future lunar exploration; an hypothetical reborn space shuttle; and leave enough money for big space science missions: Hubble, Viking, HEAO, Grand Tour.

At the end of the day, the new NASA long range plan, presented to Nixon on July 4, 1972 focused on a modular space station as its centerpiece; supported by Big Gemini crew taxi, Apollo lifeboat, and Agena logistic vehicles. Truth was, the space station program was calibrated to keep the Shuttle and the Moon afloat.
The Shuttle, because a rematch was bound to happen... someday: to make the Space Station logistics more affordable; even if the case for a Shuttle II was troubling... and precarious.
The Moon: because nobody could figure what the fuck were the Soviets were doing there. So better to keep lunar exploration alive, with or without Apollo: just in case.
...
NASA got Big Gemini on Titan IIIM, with support from the Air Force. To apease North American Rockwell, Apollo would survive: as a space station lifeboat. The ubiquitous Agena got the space tug job and also unmanned logistics to complete Big Gemini – rebranded Helios - with a common pressurized module. The remaining stock of Saturn IB would be expanded, and so would the last Saturn Vs, to lift a modular space station.

The said station used S-IVB and S-II hulls, dry-workshop style. Overall shape was of a four blade propeller: S-II as the hub, S-IVB as the blades. The station would de facto provide a colossal volume to its crew: Skylab, cubed. Skylab B was to be dismantled: its workshop turned into a ground based mockup, its ATM dispatched to the new space station.

The Air Force and NASA accepted to study a merge-up of Saturn IB and Titan IIIM in the shape of the SATAN launcher: SRMs with S-IVB on top, eventually with a more powerful engine than old J-2. It would be complementary of the hypothetical Shuttle II, both using a XLR-129 which was de facto funded: as was the F-1A.

And thus...
S-IC survived, on Saturn V and perhaps as the Shuttle II booster; gaining the F-1A in the process;
S-II survived, on Saturn V and as a space station dry workshop module;
S-IVB survived, as a space station dry workshop module and upper stage with the XLR-129;
Apollo survived, as the space station lifeboat;
And some bit of the LM also survived, as the Apollo Telescope Mount.
 
HOW TO BUILD A MODULAR SPACE STATION WITHOUT A SPACE SHUTTLE

-Douglas - Manned Orbital Research Laboratory (MORL) NAS 1-3612, September, 1964.

-Douglas - Early Orbital Space Station (EOSS), NAS 8-21064, November, 1967.

-General Dynamics - Basic Subsystem Module (BSM), NAS 9-6796, October, 1967

-Workshop cost estimates based on EOSS, MORL and BSM costs. Bellcomm, 1968

- An alternate AAP for Earth orbit: the SLA workshop. Bellcomm, January 17, 1968

-Selected comments on Agena and Titan III family stages. Bellcomm, March 26, 1968

-Guidelines for Intermediate Space Station (ISS) payloads, Bellcomm, July 3,1968

-A Titan IIIM launched space station program. Bellcomm, July 23, 1968

-Spirit of '76, North American Rockwell Space Division (August 1970)

-An International Space Station Program (ISS) - George W. Morgenthaler, 1970

-Study of an evolutionary interim earth orbit program, April 6, 1971

-Skylab II Study, Phase I Study. March 27, 1970.

-Memo for the Record: Skylab B. George Hardy. Aug 10, 1970

-Skylab planning status briefing to Dale Myers, Subject Skylab B, Phase I Study, 9/18/70

-Post Skylab missions study, February 24, 1971, MSC

-Second Skylab mission presentation, McDonnell Douglas Astronautics Co.

-Skylab Advanced Configurations. George V. Butler/McDonnell Douglas Astronautics Co.

-Second Skylab - 1972 NASA Authorization Hearings.

-Possibilities for Skylab-A reuse.

-US/USSR Cooperative Space Laboratory (Skylab/Salyut), McDonnell Douglas, 23 June 1972

-Leveraging existing Apollo assets for delivery of crew and cargo to the 1980 Space Station
 
Took me a very long time to collect them (or just the titles) from many sources. Yet now they are all together, side by side.
Basically all the space station alternatives, 1965-1975 : no constraints from the Shuttle as per the ISS; not AAP wet workshop, nor Skylab-A; and Skylab-B varied options.
 
I had so much bloated blah blah cumulated over the 1972 and 1973 chapters, I had to take radical measures.
I literally extracted them to a separate file, then sorted the blah blah from some valuable stuff.
It was a tedious, major PITA, but I trimmed immense amounts of unuseful stuff, just focusing on a few important bits.
 
This is a Godsend (or, put otherwise: absolute aviation porn !)



The one and only time XB-70, YF-12, X-15, RB-57F and U-2 met. Plus a whole lot of "classics", including the complete inventory of (operational) Century fighters, Phantom and F-5 with them. And a Thor rocket, for good measure.

If I ever time travel, this is the moment and place I want to be.

(alas, the YF-12 serial 934 and the second XB-70 present that day both died a few weeks later, summer 1966: making that gathering even more unique ) http://www.habu.org/yf-12/06934.html
 
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