Astronomy and Planetary Science Thread

Here's an ESA video uploaded on September 11 concerning about how the ESA archives its' Earth observation data:


Join us as we enter ESA's Heritage Missions data archive, which stores Earth observation data dating back to the 1970s.
ESA preserves this historical record from past satellite missions, which provides valuable information for long-term studies. The datasets from these missions are not only preserved, but continuously improved over time with reprocessing activities that make them compatible with products acquired by more recent missions and apply new processing algorithms that can improve the accuracy and quality of the products.
The presenter, Malì, is wearing an ESA t-shirt in the video, which is available for sale on the ESA online shop: https://www.esaspaceshop.com/earth-ou...https://www.youtube.com/redirect?ev...-relief-t-shirt-for-adults.html&v=O1J2kbaWS6g
Credits: ESA - European Space Agency
 
Study inspects unusual behavior of an X-ray binary


 
A recently identified comet is growing “brighter than expected” and could be the most impressive one of the year for skygazers, astronomers say.

Tsuchinshan-Atlas, discovered in 2023 and simply known as A3, has been making its way into the inner Solar System and is now visible in several regions of the world.


Related video the comet seen from ISS:

View: https://youtu.be/Ma0nurULvhk?si=2AZYLXy1w3LZJNqz
 
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I cannnot wait for the comet Flyaway, this has been said to potentially be the next Hale Bopp (in terms of magnitude). I am going to monitor it closely. But comets are funny things look at what happened to ISON for example.
 
Anton Petrov has a video out about how the JWST has detected a very distant galaxy that should be too faint to image:


Hello and welcome! My name is Anton and in this video, we will talk about a discovery of a very bizarre distant galaxy ( JADES-GS-z13-1-LA ) that produces light that shouldn't be visible
Links:
https://arxiv.org/abs/2408.16608https://www.youtube.com/redirect?event=video_description&redir_token=QUFFLUhqbnN0emZlLVloRWJTaFJGa3Q2VjV5UE5QWFZNUXxBQ3Jtc0trZkI1RTZnWlNVZUIxYWVIWFFrem9CZ3pkbFJVV0V0WFoyOHR3akJJbE1HZmVWd3JRQmtVTFFHS3dzSzFpV1pYZFNjQUVRYmdkVy1SR2ppUEVRaFk0bkFhNjNrMTJlMl9Oa29kWmx1S3RCOGFiVUZyMA&q=https://arxiv.org/abs/2408.16608&v=y9bQN-Cinks
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lyman-a...https://www.youtube.com/redirect?event=video_description&redir_token=QUFFLUhqbF9qR19rdVVWTnl5a1hpaFROel8yRXphWXlXQXxBQ3Jtc0trdlIybUlLU1FENl9GRGV4UUhqNkdiSG5nSEIxSXUtTHlmcUt3UUlYOFNRWUVyLXVySDZtZ1dFT1QwaFNoY0s4dmtUb1hCMGtjZEJKcGtZdFpIeTlBMnZQcDl0cEhDMEFROFpfVnFBTjgwemo1dUlWUQ&q=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lyman-alpha&v=y9bQN-Cinks
http://astro.phy.vanderbilt.edu/~berl...https://www.youtube.com/redirect?event=video_description&redir_token=QUFFLUhqbXk1VTNyN2dLaEZtYWdTTXpRWnJZaWNzRjZCZ3xBQ3Jtc0tuTXBtX3dpa3JUUnB4NGRtOHRDQXFvTUJPQUtpcDBtS2VRc2xfUENmSmMzNVZtNUpPbUFuZ1ZSSmlTYU5SX2tuRzRZRkhXcWFVRUxQaFg2dWdIRklwOE9KNWViZjlBZXRVczd4SmU5SWNWME9Nd0xiWQ&q=http://astro.phy.vanderbilt.edu/~berlinaa/teaching/extragalactic/AST8050_8_highz_probes.pdf&v=y9bQN-Cinks
Previous videos:
• Looks Like JWST Didn't Break Cosmolog...
View: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xkdAbOS9AcA&t=0s

• Nobody Can Explain 1000s of Strange L...
View: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xkdAbOS9AcA&t=0s


#jwst #jameswebbtelescope #galaxy
0:00 Another bizarre JWST galaxy
0:48 What's Lyman light?
3:40 5th most distant galaxy so far
4:20 Why this is unusual
5:50 Potential explanations
7:15 Why this matters and conclusions

Here's a PBS Eons video about when Earth ate a planet:


Where did our unique moon come from? It turns out that lunar rocks brought back by Apollo astronauts are a clue, pointing to the origin of our closest cosmic companion, an origin even stranger than you might imagine…
 
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ESO telescope captures the most detailed infrared map ever of our Milky Way

Astronomers have published a gigantic infrared map of the Milky Way containing more than 1.5 billion objects ― the most detailed one ever made. Using the European Southern Observatory’s VISTA telescope, the team monitored the central regions of our Galaxy over more than 13 years. At 500 terabytes of data, this is the largest observational project ever carried out with an ESO telescope.

 
PBS Space Time has a video out about what if the Universe didn't begin with the Big Bang:


Here’s the story we like to tell about the beginning of the universe. Space is expanding evenly everywhere, but if you rewind that expansion you find that all of space was once compacted in an infinitesimal point of infinite density—the singularity at the beginning of time. The expansion of the universe from this point is called the Big Bang. We like to tell this story because it's the correct conclusion from the description of an expanding universe that followed Einstein's general theory of relativity back in the 19-teens. But since then we've learned so much more since then. Does our modern understanding of the universe still insist on a point-like Big Bang? Recent work actually gives us a way to avoid the beginning of time.

Here's something unusual from Anton Petrov:


0:00 Levitating frogs
0:40 Ig Nobel Prize
1:30 These are actually important studies
2:45 Pigeons in missiles
3:32 Cows cats and paper bags
4:11 Hair whirls and direction
5:04 Drunk worms
5:32 Mimic plant
6:58 Placebo and pain
7:48 Dead trout and swimming
8:10 Butt breathing mammals
9:05 Probability and lots of coins
9:50 Old people may be not so old
 
So the asteroid is not going to be a direct threat to Earth just yet, which will be good news.

It's too small to be a significant threat unless it lands on or close to a human habitation as at 36 Ft in diameter (Unless it's a Iron-Nickel asteroid) it will break up on atmospheric entry with small fragments reaching Earth's surface, it would probably be similar to (But less powerful) the Chelyabinsk meteor.
 
Those dots?

Just burned out pixels…

Asteroid defense

ISS
 
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There is only one problem with nuking an asteroid and that is the millions of bits of rock that are going to slam into Earth and cause chaos, like what happened to Jupiter when Comet Shoemaker-Levy 9 did the same thing back in 1994. I am firmly against doing such a thing for the same reason.
 
A new study indicates that life may exist on planets with Dark Oxygen generated by Metal Rocks, from Anton Petrov:


0:00 Dark oxygen produced by manganese nodules
2:10 Do these exist elsewhere?
2:52 What we know about these nodules
4:55 These could exist in any watery location, but what about moons of Jupiter?
6:00 How large these organisms could get
7:15 Could support a lot of life anywhere
8:10 Still a lot of unanswered questions
8:45 Why this is still so exciting
9:20 What needs to be done

Here's an interesting video to do with various types of interstellar propulsion systems:


Many of you wanted me to talk about the different interstellar propulsion ideas out there so we figured a fun way to compare them all would be in a tier list! Today we take a look at 14 different methods proposed to explore the stars. Let us know your rankings down below in the comments.
Written & presented by Prof. David Kipping. Edited by Jorge Casas.
REFERENCES► Kipping, D., 2024, "The Halo Drive: Fuel-Free Relativistic Propulsion of Large Masses via Recycled Boomerang Photons", JBIS: https://arxiv.org/abs/1903.03423

CHAPTERS
0:00 Intro
1:33 Chemical Rockets
3:31 Nuclear Thermal Rockets
5:55 Nuclear Pulse
8:20 Incogni
9:48 Solar Sails
12:15 Fission Sails
13:05 Laser Sails
14:47 Alcubierre Drive
15:24 Wormholes
16:09 Antimatter
17:28 Mind Upload
18:02 Negative Mass
18:42 Halo Drive
19:46 Ion Engine
20:32 Bussard Ramjet
21:03 Outro
22:51 Credits
 
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There is only one problem with nuking an asteroid and that is the millions of bits of rock that are going to slam into Earth and cause chaos

It really depends on how far out the asteroid is and how much time before its' projected impact, the further away and the more time away the more the debris field spreads out out so that some, if not all, misses the Earth.
 
Anton Petrov has a video out about the discovery of the smallest known blackhole suggesting a strange anomaly:


0:00 Another anomaly! Strange black hole near us
0:40 How this was found
2:05 Other Gaia black holes
2:55 Why this discovery was strange - mass limits
4:50 Why this doesn't make sense
5:40 Potential solutions and explanations
6:40 The only solution makes sense - Thorne Zytkow Objects
8:30 Conclusions and implications
 
Anton Petrov has a new video out about how recent nearby supernovae and space dust effected Earth:


0:00 Was Earth affected by supernova and space dust?
1:00 Map of nearby space
1:50 Signs on Earth
2:40 Local cloud
3:38 Sign of Iron 60 on Earth
4:10 Effects on Earth
6:30 Signs of clouds and how it affected the climate
9:15 Exact effects and implications
 
Scientists discover planet orbiting closest single star to our sun

Using the European Southern Observatory's Very Large Telescope (ESO's VLT), astronomers have discovered an exoplanet orbiting Barnard's star, the closest single star to our sun. On this newly discovered exoplanet, which has at least half the mass of Venus, a year lasts just over three Earth days. The team's observations also hint at the existence of three more exoplanet candidates, in various orbits around the star.



View: https://youtu.be/gaE_FDLXAz4?si=WyurMClxoeHQc4QT
 
He is right about that Flyaway, we need to move away from Earth before it get's too hot due to climate change. I would like to see an astronaut on Mars before either the 2030s or 2040s.
 
Three hours ago NASA uploaded a one hour long video on whether or not Europa could support life and upcoming Europa Clipper mission:


Join mission experts as they discuss NASA’s Europa Clipper mission to an ocean moon of Jupiter and answer your questions live. Submit questions in the chat using #AskNASA.
Clipper is set to launch on a journey to discover the secrets hidden under this moon's icy crust. Does Europa have conditions to support life?
Europa Clipper is set to launch in October 2024 from NASA’s Kennedy Space Center in Florida. It will arrive at Jupiter in 2030. Learn more about the mission: https://science.nasa.gov/mission/euro...
Credit: NASA
 
Anton Petrov has just put out a video concerning Barnard's Star:


0:00 Exciting planet found!
0:50 Original discovery of Barnard's star
1:40 Why this star is so exciting
2:50 Flare stars
4:40 Previous propositions about potential planets
7:10 Embargo email I received
7:55 New discovery using super accurate instruments
8:50 Tiny planet but planet nevertheless
10:00 Maybe 3 more planets still hiding?
11:00 Conclusions


And from Astrographics concerning the possibility of a Multiverse:


Are parallel universes just a wild theory or something more? In this deep dive, we explore multiverse theory, its many interpretations, and whether we can ever truly know what lies beyond our universe.
 
NASA Goddard has put out a video about the upcoming roman space-telescope:


In September 2024, the Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope passed a key milestone and was approved for the next stage of construction. Work on the main systems that will make up the final spacecraft is finishing, and the team at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center is ready to begin integration, the process of connecting them together. This video celebrates the effort to reach the final stages of assembly.
Launching no later than May 2027, Roman is NASA’s next flagship mission. An infrared survey telescope with the same resolution as Hubble, but 100 times the field of view, Roman is being built and tested at NASA’s Goddard Spaceflight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland. Partners from across the country are contributing to this effort.
Music credit: “The Call,” Torsti Juhani Spoof [BMI] Universal Production Music
Credit: NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center
Producer: Scott Wiessinger (eMITS)
Videographers: Sophia Roberts (eMITS)
Scott Wiessinger (eMITS)
Jolearra Tshiteya (ASRC Federal)
Public affairs officer: Claire Andreoli (NASA/GSFC)
Editor: Scott Wiessinger (eMITS)
 
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They may not be possible given that Barnard's Star is a low-mass M4 red-dwarf and given that it's old (7-12 billion years old) it will almost certainly be of low metallicity and it's a flare-star too.
That star is booking'
I seem to remember a time lapse video over at the Cosmoquest Forum showing it moving against background stars that looked still in comparison.

To send a probe to Proxima Centauri, you need to brake.

If Barnard's Star has more planets--could probes have better luck settling in?
 
Hubble’s Inside the Image: The Veil Nebula

View: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K-RHVKM6fOk


Sep 24, 2024
NASA's Hubble Space Telescope has captured a breathtaking image of the Veil Nebula, a remnant of a supernova explosion that showcases delicate, wispy filaments of ionized gas.
In this video, Dr. Ken Carpenter delves into the stunning details of the Veil Nebula and explains how Hubble's observations shed light on the complex processes involved in the aftermath of a star's explosive death.
For more information, visit https://nasa.gov/hubble
.

Credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center
Producer, Director & Editor: James Leigh
Director of Photography: James Ball
Executive Producers: James Leigh & Matthew Duncan
Production & Post: Origin Films

Video Credits:
Hubble Space Telescope Animation:
ESA/Hubble - M. Kornmesser & L. L. Christensen
 
Hubble’s Inside the Image: Stephan's Quintet

View: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WMgLtMjz2E4


Sep 9, 2024
NASA's Hubble Space Telescope has captured an extraordinary image of Stephan's Quintet, a visual grouping of five galaxies that offers a unique glimpse into the dynamics of galaxy interactions.

In this video, Dr. Jennifer Wiseman explores the intricate details of Stephan's Quintet and discusses how Hubble's observations continue to deepen our understanding of galactic behavior and the universe as a whole.

For more information, visit https://nasa.gov/hubble
.

Credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center

Producer, Director & Editor: James Leigh
Director of Photography: James Ball
Executive Producers: James Leigh & Matthew Duncan
Production & Post: Origin Films

Video Credits:
Hubble Space Telescope Animation:
ESA/Hubble - M. Kornmesser & L. L. Christensen

Stephan's Quintet Visualization:
 
Certainly the Multiverse could explain how electrons behave in the wave particle duality of quantum mechanics.

An interesting point also I wonder if it could explain why gravity is a weak fundamental force compared to the likes of electromagnetism.
 
An outlandish theory that I have heard is that gravity is just an interaction of two branes that are aproaching each other in the Multiverse then drift apart, I have read so many books about the theory one of my favourites is Michio Kaku's Hyperspace.
 
Sun Emits X9.0 Flare on October 3, 2024

The Sun emitted a strong solar flare, peaking at 8:18 a.m. ET on Oct. 3, 2024. NASA’s Solar Dynamics Observatory, which watches the Sun constantly, captured imagery of the event.

View: https://twitter.com/NStewWX/status/1841817296827810043


MAJOR X-CLASS #SolarFlare in progress. We've reached X9. Initial impacts of strong Radio Blackouts in HF radio communication underway. This could potentially have impacts on #Helene response with HAM radio being utilized.
View: https://youtu.be/5fH0cYn52eg?si=eO6d6Fdf21bjNB3f
 
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Well Dr. Becky has a reaction video to watching ST:TNG:


00:00 - Introduction
01:40 - How fast is the Enterprise's warp drive?
04:24 - The real equations for warp drive
05:52 - How big was the known universe in 1987
07:22 - Time dilation
08:21 - PIA VPN | AD
10:16 - Negative energy, warp drives, and dark energy
14:25 - Conclusion
16:03 - Bloopers

Her research speciality by the way are super-massive blackholes.
 
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SwRI-led team discovers carbon dioxide and hydrogen peroxide on Pluto’s moon Charon

A Southwest Research Institute-led team has detected carbon dioxide and hydrogen peroxide for the first time on the frozen surface of Pluto’s largest moon, Charon, using observations from the James Webb Space Telescope. These discoveries add to Charon’s known chemical inventory, previously identified by ground- and space-based observations, that includes water ice, ammonia-bearing species and the organic materials responsible for Charon’s gray and red coloration.


 

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