By contrast, the Raytheon Quick Kill system developed for the cancelled FCS is “more expensive, but far more reliable,” Scales said. First, Raytheon is a leading maker of radars, so the electronic eyes and brain of the system are world-class. Second, Quick Kill launches its tiny interceptors vertically, upward, before they turn and dive to destroy the incoming missile: That means their blast is directed at the ground rather than sideways, reducing the chance of killing friendly foot troops.

If Quick Kill sounds complicated, that’s because it is. “The thing FCS was doing never worked,” snorted the Hill staffer. “The joke name for it was ‘Five Miracles’ because of the wildly complex firing mechanism. [It’s also] much, much more expensive than Trophy.”

The expense is particularly problematic for an Army trying to wage a new Cold War on a shoestring. “I don’t have a lot of money overall to do modernization and it’s going to be a long time before I’m buying a new vehicle of any type,” said Gouré. “They’ve got to start improving what they’ve got just to meet the existing threat whether it’s Russian stuff on the eastern front or Hamas with third generation ATGMs.”
 
View: https://youtu.be/rgWywHPVzMg?t=9


Glade to keep the conversation going. me likes this vid too much to be healthy..

anyway GVCSC tank plant folks have discussed 'revenge shots' against the threat source vehicle as a next step MAPS. development.

Cost & FCS would appear the reason for QK cancellation according to the article

Likewise, there will be a growing need to intercept threats at greater ranges which only missiles make sense. Brilliant Pebbles etc. argue that nose over other maneuver etc. is no great shakes especially w/ current tech.
 

By contrast, the Raytheon Quick Kill system developed for the cancelled FCS is “more expensive, but far more reliable,” Scales said. First, Raytheon is a leading maker of radars, so the electronic eyes and brain of the system are world-class. Second, Quick Kill launches its tiny interceptors vertically, upward, before they turn and dive to destroy the incoming missile: That means their blast is directed at the ground rather than sideways, reducing the chance of killing friendly foot troops.

If Quick Kill sounds complicated, that’s because it is. “The thing FCS was doing never worked,” snorted the Hill staffer. “The joke name for it was ‘Five Miracles’ because of the wildly complex firing mechanism. [It’s also] much, much more expensive than Trophy.”

The expense is particularly problematic for an Army trying to wage a new Cold War on a shoestring. “I don’t have a lot of money overall to do modernization and it’s going to be a long time before I’m buying a new vehicle of any type,” said Gouré. “They’ve got to start improving what they’ve got just to meet the existing threat whether it’s Russian stuff on the eastern front or Hamas with third generation ATGMs.”
Now there's a sentence.
 

By contrast, the Raytheon Quick Kill system developed for the cancelled FCS is “more expensive, but far more reliable,” Scales said. First, Raytheon is a leading maker of radars, so the electronic eyes and brain of the system are world-class. Second, Quick Kill launches its tiny interceptors vertically, upward, before they turn and dive to destroy the incoming missile: That means their blast is directed at the ground rather than sideways, reducing the chance of killing friendly foot troops.

If Quick Kill sounds complicated, that’s because it is. “The thing FCS was doing never worked,” snorted the Hill staffer. “The joke name for it was ‘Five Miracles’ because of the wildly complex firing mechanism. [It’s also] much, much more expensive than Trophy.”

The expense is particularly problematic for an Army trying to wage a new Cold War on a shoestring. “I don’t have a lot of money overall to do modernization and it’s going to be a long time before I’m buying a new vehicle of any type,” said Gouré. “They’ve got to start improving what they’ve got just to meet the existing threat whether it’s Russian stuff on the eastern front or Hamas with third generation ATGMs.”
For me, Quickly Killed is a go-to example of the failure of anti-NIH procurement. They spent a lot of money on a system that was never really going to work, because Raytheon lobbied them enough, and ended up losing an entire decade on APS procurement and refinement.
Sure, nothing major happened in that decade, but only in hindsight. That's luck.

After being shat on for so long,
"It shoots directly so it must be more dangerous" - proceeds to show me a video of QK obliterating everything within 10 meters from the vehicle.

"It can't defeat an APFSDS" - proceeds to show an IMI APFSDS defeat test from maybe 2006, oblivious to what a camera sees in combat conditions (It's dust. It only sees dust).

14 years after the first combat interception, Trophy remains the only APS anyone is willing to put on a vehicle, at least as far as I know.
I have some hopes for Iron Fist for lighter vehicles with less base armor, but so far it just doesn't deliver (in terms of delivery).


EDIT: NIH = Not Invented Here.
 
Interesting. Source? Is it Trophy or IF?
IMI is Israel Military Industries, since then acquired by Elbit and rebranded as Elbit Systems Land.
Iron Fist is an IMI product, it was later developed into the IF-LD with a lower form factor and removed APFSDS capability, and Elbit developed it further including the IF-LK with restored APFSDS defeat capability in a similar small package.

This is a new footage:
View: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e4_kFEw33s4


This is older footage I was referring to (starting 3:00):
View: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E8MbMiBbdtY
 
For me, Quickly Killed is a go-to example of the failure of anti-NIH procurement. They spent a lot of money on a system that was never really going to work, because Raytheon lobbied them enough, and ended up losing an entire decade on APS procurement and refinement.
Sure, nothing major happened in that decade, but only in hindsight. That's luck.

After being shat on for so long,
"It shoots directly so it must be more dangerous" - proceeds to show me a video of QK obliterating everything within 10 meters from the vehicle.

"It can't defeat an APFSDS" - proceeds to show an IMI APFSDS defeat test from maybe 2006, oblivious to what a camera sees in combat conditions (It's dust. It only sees dust).

14 years after the first combat interception, Trophy remains the only APS anyone is willing to put on a vehicle, at least as far as I know.
I have some hopes for Iron Fist for lighter vehicles with less base armor, but so far it just doesn't deliver (in terms of delivery).


EDIT: NIH = Not Invented Here.
AMAP-ADS met or even exceeded all US requirements during the tests.[8] The operability in hot climates was also proven.

The ADS-Gen3 is the first hard-kill APS certified to the highest safety standard IEC 61508 in 2017[11] and was certified for ISO 61508 SIL 3 in 2018.

In 2022, Rheinmetall presented its KF51 Panther main battle tank fitted with the StrikeShield APS along the hull to protect against ATGMs, RPGs and armour-piercing rounds such as large-calibre APFSDS ammunition.[15] At DSEI 2023, the StrikeShield's passive armour was advertised with protection ranging from STANAG 4569 Level 3 to 6.

The ADS-Gen3 and StrikeShield can use two different types of countermeasures: a lighter effector to defeat ATGMs and RPGs and a heavier effector that generates much more energy to defeat APFSDS rounds.[16] Tests with the StrikeShield APS were carried out in cooperation with the Bundeswehr to verify its protective performance.[15] Two types of APFSDS ammunition were used: the 125 mm 3BM42 APFSDS and a Western 120 mm APFSDS fired from just 200 metres (660 ft) distance to simulate future threats.[15] In photographs presented by Rheinmetall, the APFSDS projectile was tilted or broken in several pieces after interception by the StrikeShield. While the company didn't reveal performance figures, the penetration can be reduced by up to 75%, according to an unspecific source.
[15]
The Hybrid Protection Module received the brand name StrikeShield in 2019 and was offered in cooperation with the US company Unified Business Technologies in the US Army's APS program for the Stryker.[13]


Various other German APS tech has been tested in Germany for some time.

There are serious problems w/ various contractors.

...would argue vehicle defense layers including a longer-range missile ie "revenge shots" should be considered as discussed in another thread on the original FCS and TACOM concept,

NIH is prevalent globally.
 
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AMAP-ADS met or even exceeded all US requirements during the tests.[8] The operability in hot climates was also proven.


Other German APS tech has been tested in German for a looong time. NIH is prevalent
I'm not doubting the concept, nor the engineers' ability to make a working product. But the fact is that even the German Leopard has Trophy as standard and not AMAP-ADS (renamed RAP then StrikeShield a while ago).
This is IMO part due to the seemingly non-existent defense ecosystem in Germany, and part because the idea was hard to sell for anything other than lightly armored vehicles.
 
You said no other, could be many...There are even at least one other US vendor who has been ignored..and it is not :

.knew the part about Leopard, but might question how much a "standard" rather than an expedient deal based on near fear.
Minus being in the decision loop, who knows IMO.

A light vehicle being able to defeat AFPSDS would be spectacular so am not understanding.
 
AMAP-ADS met or even exceeded all US requirements during the tests.[8] The operability in hot climates was also proven.

The ADS-Gen3 is the first hard-kill APS certified to the highest safety standard IEC 61508 in 2017[11] and was certified for ISO 61508 SIL 3 in 2018.

In 2022, Rheinmetall presented its KF51 Panther main battle tank fitted with the StrikeShield APS along the hull to protect against ATGMs, RPGs and armour-piercing rounds such as large-calibre APFSDS ammunition.[15] At DSEI 2023, the StrikeShield's passive armour was advertised with protection ranging from STANAG 4569 Level 3 to 6.

The ADS-Gen3 and StrikeShield can use two different types of countermeasures: a lighter effector to defeat ATGMs and RPGs and a heavier effector that generates much more energy to defeat APFSDS rounds.[16] Tests with the StrikeShield APS were carried out in cooperation with the Bundeswehr to verify its protective performance.[15] Two types of APFSDS ammunition were used: the 125 mm 3BM42 APFSDS and a Western 120 mm APFSDS fired from just 200 metres (660 ft) distance to simulate future threats.[15] In photographs presented by Rheinmetall, the APFSDS projectile was tilted or broken in several pieces after interception by the StrikeShield. While the company didn't reveal performance figures, the penetration can be reduced by up to 75%, according to an unspecific source.
[15]
The Hybrid Protection Module received the brand name StrikeShield in 2019 and was offered in cooperation with the US company Unified Business Technologies in the US Army's APS program for the Stryker.[13]


Various other German APS tech has been tested in Germany for some time.

There are serious problems w/ various contractors.

...would argue vehicle defense layers including a longer-range missile ie "revenge shots" should be considered as discussed in another thread on the original FCS and TACOM concept,

NIH is prevalent globally.
What you fail to understand is that there is no shortage of APS-sized warheads that can defeat an APFSDS. Rather, it's a shortage of detection capability.
A radar would not see a 30mm wide dart very well, certainly not if you impose certain limitations to keep false alarms at 0.
Some serious limitations would have to be imposed on an APS to make it effective vs an APFSDS at 200m, even if such was detected. Such that would severely limit its effectiveness against any HEAT type weapon. And as we've seen on the ADS, it's indeed limited in that department, as it requires many components and takes up a significant surface area of the exterior.

If we look at the number of HEAT based weapons on the battlefield vs the perceived threat from APFSDS, it's apparent that it's best not to spend energy trying to make an APS effective vs an APFSDS, especially when effective defenses can be created with passive armor.

What Rafael did with the Trophy is they've listened to the IDF's request for anti-APFSDS capability, and chose to ignore it. The end product is a streamlined APS highly efficient at its given task, utilizing only 2 armored rotating launchers, very small warheads, and a good magazine depth - that's easy to restock after battle.

Bottom line is there are about 1,000 AFVs worldwide equipped with Trophy, and only a few equipped with StrikeShield, QK and other APS - all tech demonstrators and mockups. The reasons are urgency, real requirements-driven, and correct reading of the market.

A light vehicle being able to defeat AFPSDS would be spectacular so am not understanding.
An anti-APFSDS APS does not defeat APFSDS. It only reduces its penetration. If the vehicle does not have enough armor to absorb it, it'll still penetrate and perhaps do even more damage. I wouldn't count on anything short of an MBT or HAPC/HIFV to stop a defeated APFSDS from the side, or a 35+ ton AFV to stop one from the front (assuming engine in front).
 
What you fail to understand is that there is no shortage of APS-sized warheads that can defeat an APFSDS. Rather, it's a shortage of detection capability.
A radar would not see a 30mm wide dart very well, certainly not if you impose certain limitations to keep false alarms at 0.
Is a widest band RF being thrown in low duration pulses to maximize detection range? Long range multi-RF sensors should afford tank gun fire detection @ over 1km
Some serious limitations would have to be imposed on an APS to make it effective vs an APFSDS at 200m, even if such was detected. Such that would severely limit its effectiveness against any HEAT type weapon. And as we've seen on the ADS, it's indeed limited in that department, as it requires many components and takes up a significant surface area of the exterior.
When is one expected to catch a fast ball @ 200m? If that is the case, one would imagine, "you got bigger problems" and detection is only one..

An QK like missile from vertical launch boxes, installed indiscernibly, could allow a missile to first engage the threatening rd and then a follow on missile would engage the firing vehicle.

One could argue that the best way to defeat the HEAT jet is a reactive or EM armor not something as active as Trophy.
If we look at the number of HEAT based weapons on the battlefield vs the perceived threat from APFSDS, it's apparent that it's best not to spend energy trying to make an APS effective vs an APFSDS, especially when effective defenses can be created with passive armor.
Glade to learn from you that APFSDS defeat is a much more limited threat and usually only faced when one is already protected w/ thick passive armor. .

...would only postulate that given the speed of APFSDS that a rugged rocket propelled net could well defect a straight hit, rather a full high energy explosive.
What Rafael did with the Trophy is they've listened to the IDF's request for anti-APFSDS capability, and chose to ignore it. The end product is a streamlined APS highly efficient at its given task, utilizing only 2 armored rotating launchers, very small warheads, and a good magazine depth - that's easy to restock after battle.
2 armored rotating launchers, very small warheads, and a good magazine depth - that's easy to restock after battle.
The above is all good, but if not AFSDS & only slower HEAT, then is something as heavy & complex as Trophy the real long term solution rather more passive schemes or even reactive "curtain" solutions.
Bottom line is there are about 1,000 AFVs worldwide equipped with Trophy, and only a few equipped with StrikeShield, QK and other APS - all tech demonstrators and mockups. The reasons are urgency, real requirements-driven, and correct reading of the market.
Again, as stated the demand is driven by angst, not the MAPS long term plan, originally proposed for FCS & now potentially adding new counter-UAS swarm, as well as Rev Shot & maybe even counter-helio. Counter-helio may well remain based on Main Guns.
An anti-APFSDS APS does not defeat APFSDS. It only reduces its penetration. If the vehicle does not have enough armor to absorb it, it'll still penetrate and perhaps do even more damage.
There is an example of thick applique armor being mounted to 4x4 armored car, and was aware an APS can only be expected to reduce penetration ~75%.
I wouldn't count on anything short of an MBT or HAPC/HIFV to stop a defeated APFSDS from the side, or a 35+ ton AFV to stop one from the front (assuming engine in front).
 
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I was assuming that the "APFSDS rounds at 200m" were to preserve as much velocity as possible, not to suggest that the system needed to deal with such a close threat.
 
When is one expected to catch a fast ball @ 200m? If that is the case, one would imagine, "you got bigger problems" and detection is only one..
Indeed there are more problems like how do you align the launcher on target in time, or if you use a maneuvering missile like QK then how could it reach it in time to intercept at least a few meters from the tank.
That is why, for example, Iron Fist was originally downsized to only 2 tubes per launcher.

Also my intention was an APFSDS round detected at 200m range. The intercept occurs at close range of several meters.
The rod's short flight time means very little time is left to respond.

An QK like missile from vertical launch boxes, installed indiscernibly, could allow a missile to first engage the threatening rd and then a follow on missile would engage the firing vehicle
It would not. The QK missile is an interceptor only. It certainly does not have a range of several kilometers, let alone the capability to detect and home in on a target there, and finally defeat it. Especially if it's a vehicle.
The typical mechanism for an APS is "slew to cue", meaning the crew is alerted and have the option to have a computer automatically rotate and align the gun on target. It may also alert via BMS that a target was detected there, allowing others to see it as well.
The slew to cue capability was reportedly used in combat extensively.


One could argue that the best way to defeat the HEAT jet is a reactive or EM armor not something as active as Trophy.
Even an APS-equipped vehicle must have sufficient armor as if it has no APS.
Combat experience shows that APFSDS is far too rare, while HEAT is all too common.
Next in line and still way ahead of APFSDS are IEDs and mines, as well as top-hitting EFPs.

So HEAT is most deserving of an APS-based solution. If an APFSDS requires serious compromises in APS design, then it's not worthwhile until it becomes a threat.

Glade to learn from you that APFSDS defeat is a much more limited threat and usually only faced when one is already protected w/ thick passive armor. .
Not always when equipped with proper armor, but yes it's limited and is only mentally inflated by video games like war thunder and such which make us believe tanks usually go up against tanks, when in reality they very rarely ever do, since multi-domain warfare became a thing.

would only postulate that given the speed of APFSDS that a rugged rocket propelled net could well defect a straight hit, rather a full high energy explosive.
Have you seen an APFSDS impacting a target? Good simulations out there.
There are 2 methods I know of for defeating an APFSDS.
First is Iron Fist's fragment-free blast that pushes the front or rear end of the rod so it would tilt, as seen in the old IMI video I posted a few comments above.
Second is a fragment blast that sends dense and high speed fragments into the rod. The most effective way is lateral, not face on impact.
The best case scenario is some 50% reduction for fragment method.
View: https://youtu.be/6hhSMryZaQY?si=JnzJx60otSfWrB2c


The above is all good, but if not AFSDS & only slower HEAT, then is something as heavy & complex as Trophy the real long term solution rather more passive schemes or even reactive "curtain" solutions.
Trophy is neither heavy nor complex. It is one of the simplest APS on the market, and on the lighter end of things. More passive APS types like Iron Curtain or StrikeShield quickly become heavier as you add more munitions to cover the vehicle.

Trophy uses a conventional set of sensors - 4 Radars + 4 EO, a computer set, 2 fast rotating launchers, an ammo box for 3 munitions per side, a loading arm and an actuated armored cover per launcher.

StrikeShield on KF41 for example uses a conventional set of sensors - 15 Radars + 35 EO, and 33 rotating launchers (to set blast directionality) with 33 munitions.

Source for numbers:

So StrikeShield is more complex and expensive, more difficult to restock because it has at least 5 different module shapes so you need a truck to bring you all 5 types. Even if they were to downsize it to 1 type it's still a lot of components and a logistician's nightmare.

There have been about as many "passive" APS as there are launcher-based ones. None entered service. Hungary may become the first user, but it'll only be final when it actually enters service.

The only passive APS I know that's not bulky is the Zaslon, but to do that it intentionally uses a large fragmentation grenade that's probably very dangerous due to its circular spread pattern.
 

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