Stroop “X-Wing” Convertible Speed Planes for the USAAC (1935-9)

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A new post is up at RetroMechanix.com presenting the Robert C. Stroop SP-6 and SP-7 "Speed Plane" projects of 1935-9:


7095117469_4735985007_o.jpg



These were a pair of designs submitted to the US Army Air Corps which featured a folding scissor "X-wing" to convert the aircraft from biplane to monoplane configuration, the intention being to combine the short field length and climb capabilities of the former with the speed of the latter. The article features 10 images reproducing rare correspondence, drawings, and photos relating to these unusual and innovative projects.


-Jared
 
When you think you've just about seen it all, there's always something new and unexpected coming from the pre-war United States!
 
Would be interesting to see, how they achieved a reasonable airfoil for the folded wing.
The photo of the bare mockup suggests, that, when retracted the lower wing formed the
flush underside for the upper wing, which its inward curved underside. But if such an
arrangement actually would have had aerodynamic benefits, I'm still doubting.
Nevertheless, it makes the Incom T-65 X-Wing much more plausible ! ;D
 
Neat! Nikitin-Shevchenko wasn't the only team to plan polymorphic bi-planes in this era!
 
Hi,


and from my dear Deltafan source,the Stroop aircraft.
 

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A new post is up at RetroMechanix.com presenting the Robert C. Stroop SP-6 and SP-7 "Speed Plane" projects of 1935-9:


7095117469_4735985007_o.jpg



These were a pair of designs submitted to the US Army Air Corps which featured a folding scissor "X-wing" to convert the aircraft from biplane to monoplane configuration, the intention being to combine the short field length and climb capabilities of the former with the speed of the latter. The article features 10 images reproducing rare correspondence, drawings, and photos relating to these unusual and innovative projects.


-Jared
I am so happy to have found this! R.C Stroop is my great-grandfather: his daughter, Amelia A. Jones (maiden name Stroop) is my maternal grandmother and she recently passed. I am currently researching, and learning anything I can about R.C. From the stories I have heard, he was a brilliant pilot and an inventor. Thank you to all who shared info here, and please let me know if you could direct me toward any more information about him, I would greatly appreciate it.
 
The nearest equivalent was the Soviet Nikitin-Shevchenko IS-1 retractable biplane which was vastly more complex with at least ten times as many moving parts as Stroop's prototype. Two IS-1 prototypes were built and the type first flew in 1940. The IS-1 weighed 5,071 pounds (2300 kg) 800 pounds (363 kg) more than a contemporary Polikarpov I-16 biplane. IS-1 was not particularly fast at 281 mph. Its complexity was the exact opposite of what Soviet factories could produce or what the Red Air Force needed when they were invaded in 1941.
If Stoop's prototype looks a bit crude, it was the exact opposite of the Soviet prototype which was too complex for its own good.
 
The Rome News-Tribune published some family reminisces on 30 Sept 2012 in an article entitled 'Rome's aviation pioneers'. There it mentions that Robert C. Stroop Senior spent 3 years building aircraft at Douglas Aircraft. No dates were mentioned but the suggestion from context is that this was prior to Stroop designing his 'X-wing' SP-6 and SP-7.

Since this appear to be the only thread that we have on Robert C. Stroop, Senior, does anyone have more on his other work? I'll list what I've seen so far ...

Waco 9 - In 1927, R. C. Stroop helped a local physician, Dr. John L. Garrard, to "build" (assemble?) a Curtiss OX-5-powered Waco 9 at Rome, GA. Alas, the only online mention of this come from further family reminisces in the 'From staff reports' column of the Rome News-Tribune on 30 Sept 2012. That said, the Garrard name nevertheless has some relevant connections. [1]

Stoop SP-4 - Around the same time, Stroop was working on a design of his own - the SP-4 (or SP4) which was convertible from biplane to triplane. But it is not clear whether this SP-4 was a wholy original design or a modification of an existing airframe. At any rate, the Curtiss OX-5 powered SP-4 was register to Stroop as NC4197 in 1928 - close enough to Aerofiles' c.1927. [2] Given that SP-4 designation, we can but speculate as to any earlier concepts in that designation sequence.

Thomas-Morse S4C parasol conversion - Aerofiles listed a 1932 "Scout (Jacksonville)", a surplus S4C biplane converted into a monoplane in order to test a Stroop-devised aileron system. Aerofile's "Jacksonville" claim is at odds with the FAA records which, this time, say Rome, GA. The FAA records this S4C being registered as NC115 on 17 Sept 1930, with that reg being cancelled on 25 May 1938. Of course, that does mean that the monoplane conversion wasn't performed in 1932, nor that NC115 flew exclusively as a monoplane until 1938. There is no sign of any 'SP' designation associated with this S4C conversion.

Airco DH.6 - Air History has a cryptic mention of Stroop registering an Airco DH.6 (s/n "1011") as NC4066. No date is given (other than this reg being cancelled on 01 March 1935). We are given no information as to whether any modifications were made. But why Stroop would have an interest in the 'Clutching Hand' is also a mystery. In any case, a surplus RFC/RNAS DH.6 would be an odd choice for an American purchaser. And it doesn't help that "1011" was not an RFC serial. [3]

Travel Air 2000 - In that 30 Sept 2012 Rome News-Tribune 'From staff reports' column, R. C. Stroop's daughter, Bobbeth Stroop Hawkins, remembers her father flying a Travel Aire [sic] named 'Miss Rome'. This would have been the Travel Air 2000 (c/n 265) registered NC3341 (reg cancelled on 01 May 1939). Again, no specific mention of any modifications made to this Travel Air biplane.

Aeronca K - Another confusing one. Aerofiles lists Aeronca K c/n K-182 as NC19316, registered in Alabama to "R C Stroop & John L Garrard Jr". The registration date is put at "00.00.37 ... Canc 1.3.71". AviationDB lists K-182 as being registered on 25 Sept 1946 - perhaps indicating a belated change from NC19316 to N19316. But the interesting date is that 1971 cancellation. Did Stroop Senior register K-182 as NC19316 only to see the aircraft languish during WW2? That would make sense of Stroop re-registered this aircraft (as N19316) in 1946 along with neighbour, John L Garrard Jr.

Vultee BT-13 modification - Post-WW2, Stroop fitted a war-surplus Vultee BT-13 Valiant with a bolt-on auxiliary wing. This auxiliary surface took the form of a short wing mounted to the top of the canopy with outboard N-struts connecting these panels to the original wings. The overall effect was that of a 'reversed sequiplane'. The point was not to improve the trainer but to demonstrate that how auxiliary wing concept could improve the load-carrying capabilities of transport aircraft.

Alas, I can find no registration number for this modified Vultee and it is illegible in the sole online image that I could find (said image is attached, with its source being the 'Rome Airport, Rome, GA' section of Paul Freeman's Abandoned & Little-Known Airfields: Northern Georgia page - see Sources, below).

BTW, the 1963 SNJ biplane crop-duster conversion attributed to "Robert C. Stroop of Selma, Alabama" by Air History would be the work done by his son, Robert C. Stroop, Jr. -- https://1000aircraftphotos.com/Contributions/Larkins/13788.htm

_____________________________________

[1] Dr. Garrard was also the original owner of the land where the Rome airfield was situated (later the site of a General Electric medium transformer plant). In 1933, a photo was taken of the doctor's 14-year-old son posed in the cockpit of the Waco 9. John L. Garrard Jr. would later co-register NC19316, an Aeronca K (K-182) along with Stroop's son, Robert C. Stroop, Jr.

[2] Air History gives Stroop's location at the time as Rome, GA, but an FAA N search places Stroop 50+ miles away in Jacksonville, AL.

[3] For the record, RFC B1011 was a Whitehead-built SE5a; C1011 was a Filton-built Bristol F.2b Fighter. In the separate RFC (Canada) listing, C1011 was a Curtiss JN-4(Canadian) 'Canuck'. The RNAS did have serials in this range but 1011 was a Avro 504B of 2 Squadron Defence Flight based at Westgate-on-Sea.
_____________________________________

Sources

-- Rome News-Tribune; 30 Sept 2012; 'Rome's aviation pioneers'
-- Rome News-Tribune; 30 Sept 2012; 'From staff reports' column

-- http://www.airhistory.org.uk/gy/Historic N.txt
-- http://www.airhistory.org.uk/gy/reg_N10.html
-- http://aerofiles.com/_st.html
-- https://members.tripod.com/airfields_freeman/GA/Airfields_GA_N.htm
-- https://www.instagram.com/jessemilner76/p/C-3jIe2Rsmf/?img_index=1
 

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From, Техника - молодежи 1937
 

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The Rome News-Tribune published some family reminisces on 30 Sept 2012 in an article entitled 'Rome's aviation pioneers'. There it mentions that Robert C. Stroop Senior spent 3 years building aircraft at Douglas Aircraft. No dates were mentioned but the suggestion from context is that this was prior to Stroop designing his 'X-wing' SP-6 and SP-7.

Since this appear to be the only thread that we have on Robert C. Stroop, Senior, does anyone have more on his other work? I'll list what I've seen so far ...

Waco 9 - In 1927, R. C. Stroop helped a local physician, Dr. John L. Garrard, to "build" (assemble?) a Curtiss OX-5-powered Waco 9 at Rome, GA. Alas, the only online mention of this come from further family reminisces in the 'From staff reports' column of the Rome News-Tribune on 30 Sept 2012. That said, the Garrard name nevertheless has some relevant connections. [1]

Stoop SP-4 - Around the same time, Stroop was working on a design of his own - the SP-4 (or SP4) which was convertible from biplane to triplane. But it is not clear whether this SP-4 was a wholy original design or a modification of an existing airframe. At any rate, the Curtiss OX-5 powered SP-4 was register to Stroop as NC4197 in 1928 - close enough to Aerofiles' c.1927. [2] Given that SP-4 designation, we can but speculate as to any earlier concepts in that designation sequence.

Thomas-Morse S4C parasol conversion - Aerofiles listed a 1932 "Scout (Jacksonville)", a surplus S4C biplane converted into a monoplane in order to test a Stroop-devised aileron system. Aerofile's "Jacksonville" claim is at odds with the FAA records which, this time, say Rome, GA. The FAA records this S4C being registered as NC115 on 17 Sept 1930, with that reg being cancelled on 25 May 1938. Of course, that does mean that the monoplane conversion wasn't performed in 1932, nor that NC115 flew exclusively as a monoplane until 1938. There is no sign of any 'SP' designation associated with this S4C conversion.

Airco DH.6 - Air History has a cryptic mention of Stroop registering an Airco DH.6 (s/n "1011") as NC4066. No date is given (other than this reg being cancelled on 01 March 1935). We are given no information as to whether any modifications were made. But why Stroop would have an interest in the 'Clutching Hand' is also a mystery. In any case, a surplus RFC/RNAS DH.6 would be an odd choice for an American purchaser. And it doesn't help that "1011" was not an RFC serial. [3]

Travel Air 2000 - In that 30 Sept 2012 Rome News-Tribune 'From staff reports' column, R. C. Stroop's daughter, Bobbeth Stroop Hawkins, remembers her father flying a Travel Aire [sic] named 'Miss Rome'. This would have been the Travel Air 2000 (c/n 265) registered NC3341 (reg cancelled on 01 May 1939). Again, no specific mention of any modifications made to this Travel Air biplane.

Aeronca K - Another confusing one. Aerofiles lists Aeronca K c/n K-182 as NC19316, registered in Alabama to "R C Stroop & John L Garrard Jr". The registration date is put at "00.00.37 ... Canc 1.3.71". AviationDB lists K-182 as being registered on 25 Sept 1946 - perhaps indicating a belated change from NC19316 to N19316. But the interesting date is that 1971 cancellation. Did Stroop Senior register K-182 as NC19316 only to see the aircraft languish during WW2? That would make sense of Stroop re-registered this aircraft (as N19316) in 1946 along with neighbour, John L Garrard Jr.

Vultee BT-13 modification - Post-WW2, Stroop fitted a war-surplus Vultee BT-13 Valiant with a bolt-on auxiliary wing. This auxiliary surface took the form of a short wing mounted to the top of the canopy with outboard N-struts connecting these panels to the original wings. The overall effect was that of a 'reversed sequiplane'. The point was not to improve the trainer but to demonstrate that how auxiliary wing concept could improve the load-carrying capabilities of transport aircraft.

Alas, I can find no registration number for this modified Vultee and it is illegible in the sole online image that I could find (said image is attached, with its source being the 'Rome Airport, Rome, GA' section of Paul Freeman's Abandoned & Little-Known Airfields: Northern Georgia page - see Sources, below).

BTW, the 1963 SNJ biplane crop-duster conversion attributed to "Robert C. Stroop of Selma, Alabama" by Air History would be the work done by his son, Robert C. Stroop, Jr. -- https://1000aircraftphotos.com/Contributions/Larkins/13788.htm

_____________________________________

[1] Dr. Garrard was also the original owner of the land where the Rome airfield was situated (later the site of a General Electric medium transformer plant). In 1933, a photo was taken of the doctor's 14-year-old son posed in the cockpit of the Waco 9. John L. Garrard Jr. would later co-register NC19316, an Aeronca K (K-182) along with Stroop's son, Robert C. Stroop, Jr.

[2] Air History gives Stroop's location at the time as Rome, GA, but an FAA N search places Stroop 50+ miles away in Jacksonville, AL.

[3] For the record, RFC B1011 was a Whitehead-built SE5a; C1011 was a Filton-built Bristol F.2b Fighter. In the separate RFC (Canada) listing, C1011 was a Curtiss JN-4(Canadian) 'Canuck'. The RNAS did have serials in this range but 1011 was a Avro 504B of 2 Squadron Defence Flight based at Westgate-on-Sea.
_____________________________________

Sources

-- Rome News-Tribune; 30 Sept 2012; 'Rome's aviation pioneers'
-- Rome News-Tribune; 30 Sept 2012; 'From staff reports' column

-- http://www.airhistory.org.uk/gy/Historic N.txt
-- http://www.airhistory.org.uk/gy/reg_N10.html
-- http://aerofiles.com/_st.html
-- https://members.tripod.com/airfields_freeman/GA/Airfields_GA_N.htm
-- https://www.instagram.com/jessemilner76/p/C-3jIe2Rsmf/?img_index=1
Robert Catlow Stroop flew the first plane into Rome, GA for Dr. Garrard and went on to marry Dr. Garrard’s daughter, Elizabeth.
 

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