I doubt anyone considered the Land Train as a shooting asset. It was conceived as a logistics system to provide rail level loads where rail infrastructure didn't exist. So like trains it would utilise the same defensive measures against enemy air interdiction: maintenance of air superiority, reduced exposure via night travel and escorted travel for high value runs.
The problem with the concept is that it’s too big for most terrain. To push roads and rail through the countryside usually requires a lot of engineering: chopping down trees, making cuttings, etc. The Land Train is too big for these channels and otherwise has to find its own way, which often doesn’t exist. It would therefore require open terrain that only exists in desert and plains areas. So outside North Africa, the Middle East, Central Asia, the Russian Steppes, Outback Australia, the American-Mexican deserts, the Kalahari/Great Karoo, the Thar, the Great Plains and Arctic tundras it is pretty useless.
Since the US Army found its theatres of action at the time (50s and 60s) were in West Germany and South VietNam it was not useable. However it would have been extremely useful in contemporary campaigns in Iraq and the south west of Afghanistan. Its size would enable it to be defensible to the degree of immunity against mine, IED and ambush attacks and the loads it would carry would greatly reduce supply traffic reducing exposure to the enemy.